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Primary Factors that Affect Choice of Fast Food, 2008.
A research paper on the primary factors that affect choice of fast food
among individuals of different countries, highlighting the differentiations in health perspectives related to consumption of fast food.
7,473 words (approx. 29.9 pages), 17 sources, APA, AU$ 237.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a research paper that discusses the the impact that culture has on the consumption of fast food and compares the difference in buying behavior in different countries. The paper investigates the major factors that affect customer's choice in fast food and comments on the relationship between food consumptions and health. The paper includes tables and figures.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Background of the Study
Methodology
Introduction
Research Questions
Literature Review
From the Paper
"Globalization is greatly changing society and culture all around the globe in terms of consumer choices, lifestyle, individual preferences, socialization and custom and at the same time all of these factors are individualizing and changing specific aspects of marketing for fast food restaurants such as McDonald's, Kentucky Fried Chicken, and others. In short, understanding factors affecting consumer choices regarding fast food is a complex focus of research because many diverse and various factors must be taken into consideration in terms of fast food and indeed the non-foodness' of fast food must be examined. 'Non-foodness' is a term coined in the work of Kwan which is a term used to refer to other reasons that fast food is chosen for consumption among consumers internationally."
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Down Syndrome and Obesity, 2008.
A discussion on the correlation between Down syndrome and obesity.
2,257 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 11 sources, APA, AU$ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the condition of obesity in people with Down Syndrome. The author reviews existing literature which shows a positive correlation between Down syndrome and obesity as a coexisting condition, but concludes that there have been too few studies to identify the causes that result in the onset of obesity among such intellectually disabled patients. The paper suggests that the advancements in genomic science and stem cell therapy would aid in curing this genetic disorder, but til then, weight management interventions should constitute an important aspect in the management of Down syndrome.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Literature review
Role of Leptin (the breakthrough)
Metabolic studies
Obesity Screening And Health promotion Impact
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Some researchers have focused on identifying the relation between Down syndrome and obesity as a co existing condition. Studies have been conducted to identify the differences in metabolic rates between the Down syndrome patients and the healthy population. The most recent research has thrown new light in understanding the relation between Down syndrome and obesity. The identification of Leptin resistance as the cause for high incidence of obesity among Down syndrome patients is considered a breakthrough in the obesity -Down syndrome research. A brief overview of existing literature on the subject will provide better insight into the topic and a better understanding of the association between the two conditions."
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Legal Aspects of Healthcare, 2008.
A case study about the risk evaluation process in a hospital.
1,642 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper is a case study of risk management practices in a hospital. The paper discusses the many problems that a hospital might encounter, from administration to tired personnel and also discusses the investigative practices in a risk management program that can be adopted. The author speaks of her personal experiences in the hospital she works in, noting a particular incident when a therapist behaved inappropriately, swearing at his patients for no good reason. The author uses this example to illustrate how the hospital's risk management team managed to avoid possible lawsuits when they found out that the therapist was suffering from Tourette's syndrome through their investigative work.
From the Paper
"Our hospital places a tremendous emphasis on privacy and personal liberty, while holding the entities within to be legally accountable for their actions. We pride ourselves on prompt attention to any reports of mistakes or errors in judgment on the part of our hospital personnel in any area, including medical or personal relations. Our Risk Control Managers are called upon to investigate and report on any such incidences, whether it is a patient falling out of bed or the death of a patient on the operating table. It is our job to be vigilant and to keep risk for any kind of negative experience low. This ensures the viability of the hospital in the minds of the public, as well as ensuring low maintenance costs for insurance and liability suits."
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Nursing Wages in Indiana, 2008.
A discussion of the nursing industry in the state of Indiana.
874 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 45.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the nursing shortage and provides statistics on the growth in employment of registered nurses and their earnings. The paper looks at the Indiana State Nurses Association that was founded for Indiana's registered nurses and at how the state government is helping improve the shortage situation. The paper provides a table showing the state of Indiana's industry earnings and employment.
From the Paper
"According to the principles of economics "Recognizing that people face tradeoffs does not by itself tell us what decisions they will or should make" (Mankiw, p. 4). In the labor market, nurses may trade-off more relaxed atmospheres in smaller hospitals, where they are not paid as well, for higher-paying positions in big-city hospitals where they are always busy and under pressure. Such is the case in Indiana, where, compared to the California annual mean wage of $65,100 and the Maryland mean wage ($63,070), only 31-34% of nurses earn this much. Licensed Practical Nurses in Indiana earn $32,428 to $38,890."
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Prostascint Imaging: Detection of Bone Metastases, 2008.
An examination of the accuracy of ProstaScint imaging in detecting bone metastases due to prostate cancer.
3,159 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 11 sources, APA, AU$ 132.95
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Abstract
This paper examines ProstaScint imaging effectiveness and accuracy in detecting distant metastases and specifically bone metastases. The study specifically seeks findings concerning false positive and false negative results and the inaccuracies or accuracies in diagnosis of metastatic bone lesions due to prostrate cancer.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Statement of Thesis
Literature Review
Summary of Findings
From the Paper
"While ProstaScint does have limitations in use due to the risk for false positive readings when used by inexperienced clinical staff ProstaScint is a very useful tool in detecting lymph node metastases especially in newly diagnosed patients and moreover the use of ProstaScint in those with a high-risk disease enables the appropriate selection of patients for therapies that are potentially curative in nature. It is likely that with advanced knowledge and experience in this procedures that even more success will be realized in its use. Proper training of staff in the use of ProstaScint imaging and diagnosis of images is noted as being specifically relevant in the successful use of this technique."
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Alzheimer's Disease, 2008.
Presents guidelines for managing Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia among the elderly.
1,331 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 64.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the physiology, incidence, genetics, treatment, demographics and other factors affecting persons suffering with Alzheimer's. The paper highlights the manner in which the affliction affects persons with regard to behavioral problems, psychotic symptoms as well as depression. The paper then discusses the management of the problem and comments on how treatment with drugs can be effective.
From the Paper
"In the medical treatment of Alzheimer's disease, two aspects are concerned. First is the delaying or improvement of the patient's cognitive abilities. The second aspect is the medical treatment of psychiatric and behavioral disturbances. In improving the patient's memory and cognitive abilities, the pathogenesis of the disease must be considered. "There is a lack of acetylcholine being secreted by the brain cells. Therefore, the volume of acetylcholine must be amplified by blocking acetyl cholinesterase action. Acetyl cholinesterase is responsible in the enzymatic breakdown of acetylcholine after a synapse has occurred. Several acetyl cholinesterase inhibitors are approved for Alzheimer's disease. "
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Pressure Ulcers, 2008.
A discussion on pressure ulcers, parts of the skin which break down from body weight.
1,393 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper examines pressure ulcers and the possible causes for the occurrences. The paper provides a definition and discusses the four stages of severity of pressure ulcers. The paper also examines the complications that may result from pressure ulcers, such as sepsis and localized infections. In addition, the paper talks about prevention and treatment methods and the need to update and complete national records on pressure ulcer rates.
From the Paper
"This often occurs when the patient or person stays in one position for a long time, such as after surgery or injury. The persistent pressure on that area of the skin reduces the blood supply and the affected tissue can die. First, it turns up as a reddened skin, then a blister, an open sore and, finally, a crater. It is most commonly found in areas where the bones are prominent. These are often the elbow, heels, hips, ankles, shoulders, back and the back of the head. Causes of pressure ulcers are being bedridden or in a wheelchair, skin fragility, chronic medical conditions, limited body movements, malnourishment, mental disability, older age, and urinary or bowel incontinence."
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Improvement of Nursing Care, 2008.
This paper studies an exercise/mobility program for patients as a means to offer improved nursing care.
1,967 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 90.95
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Abstract
This research paper considers the development of an exercise/mobility program for elderly patients that require extensive assistance from nurses for physical mobility and for meeting basic physical requirements for daily need. The paper reviews the exercise program central and makes the argument that by providing patients with this type of program, healthcare providers will be able to improve the mobility of patients and improve the overall level of care provided. Further, the writer maintains that regular exercise/mobility may have mental health benefits for elderly patients, improving overall quality of life.
Outline:
Introduction
Review of the Proposed Program
Overview of the Program
Generalizability of the Findings
Implementing the Research in Full
Risk Assessment
Engage with Stakeholders
Secure Funding
Plan the Change
Evaluation
Benefits
From the Paper
"Based on the data provided above, it seems reasonable to argue that, in theory, the development and implementation of an exercise program for elderly nursing home patients suffering with dementia would be a feasible undertaking. Research that has been conducted in this area has considered: elderly individuals, elderly individuals that have been institutionalized and elderly individuals suffering from dementia. In all instances, the research indicates that there are positive physical and mental health benefits that could improve the overall quality of life for the current population. Thus, in theory, there is a direct impetus to consider the further development of the program."
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Dementia Training, 2008.
An outline of dementia-specific training for professionals.
2,277 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 101.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the subject of dementia, outlining the demographics, causes and biological theories. The paper continues by referring to the importance of training personnel in the treatment of dementia and the legislation involved therein. The paper discusses the required training and experience, the necessary staffing and specific management requirements for the professional.
From the Paper
"Therefore, many countries have accepted dementia training legislation. The particulars of this legislation differ from country to country but many necessitate continuing training for unswerving care workers. During working class entrance by the Missouri Coalition of Alzheimer's Association Chapters a House Bill or HB 603 was conceded in 2001 entailing workers concerned in the liberation of care to people with Alzheimer's illness or associated dementias to be trained yearly in dementia care. The purpose of this legislation was to be more adaptive than authoritarian. Therefore, HB 603 did not state the digit of hours, supplier of or liberation arrangement for trainings. Though, the legislation does point towards that dementia unambiguous training is to be included into new member of staff course and continuing in services prospectus. However, it also consents smallest amount of training topics to be enclosed, including basic information concerning Alzheimer's disease and associated dementias, conversing with an individual with dementia, behavior supervision, encouraging independence in behaviors of daily living and indulgent and dealing with family matters. Fifty continuing care amenities with Alzheimer Special Care parts from all over the country were requested to relate for the chance to partake in the certificate preparation and appraisal. Due to partial resources, the range of the scheme was restricted to about six amenities. However, the development team was dedicated to choosing amenities that assorted in various individuality. The standard for selecting amenities integrated geographic position, dimension and main source of financial support."
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Diseases Associated with Proteus Vulgaris, 2008.
This paper discusses the diseases associated with the bacterium called Proteus vulgaris.
1,190 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the diseases associated with the bacterium called Proteus vulgaris. The paper outlines its history, explains how the bacterium is transmitted, and its diagnosis. The paper also discusses prevention of the diseases that Proteus vulgaris causes, and their treatment.
Outline:
Proteus Vulgaris
What is Proteus Vulgaris?
History
How is the Bacterium Spread?
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prevention
Outline
References
From the Paper
"As noted earlier, Proteus vulgaris is present in the gastro-intestinal tracts of animals, including humans as part of normal human intestinal flora but is also sometimes found in the soil, stagnant water, fecal matter, putrified meat and dust. Other habitats of the bacteria include long-term care facilities and hospitals, where this gram-negative bacilli is known to colonize both the skin and oral mucosa of patients and hospital personnel. Infection is primarily spread from these reservoirs. However, Proteus species are not the most common cause of infections and even among the infections caused by the Proteus species of the bacilli, Proteus vulgaris is the cause of a still smaller percentage of infections. For example, the Proteus group of bacteria is the cause of a small percentage of all urinary tract infections (UTI) ; out of these, Proteus mirabilis causes 90% of all Proteus infections and Proteus vulgaris is the cause of even smaller cases of UTI."
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Analysis of Statistical Procedures, 2008.
An examination of the use of analysis of variance model (ANOVA) to analyze statistical procedures by Nicholas Bakalar in his study, "Patterns: Parkinson's Raises Risks of Depression in Relatives."
760 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the analysis of statistical procedures, particularly using the analysis of variance model (ANOVA). The paper focuses on the use of ANOVA by Nicholas Bakalar in his study, "Patterns: Parkinson's Raises Risks of Depression in Relatives." The paper discusses why ANOVA was chosen as an appropriate method of statistical procedure analysis and looks at the benefits of using this method.
From the Paper
"This study goes beyond showing the higher risks of family members. This disease now shows that it is detrimental not only to those afflicted by it, but also those surrounding them as well. It gives researchers the data necessary to take precautionary steps to help those individuals who may be at higher risk of exhibiting signs of depression and anxiety disorder. Now that researchers have statistical data showing exactly how much more at risk this specific population is, methods can be taken in order to ensure proper diagnosis, treatment, and precautionary analysis of individuals with immediate family members afflicted with the terror which is Parkinson's disease."
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Healthcare Clinics in Kuala Lumpur, 2008.
An examination of healthcare clinics in Kuala Lumpur and their patients' perceptions of the clinics.
1,536 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 73.95
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Abstract
This literature review discusses how healthcare clinics are generally viewed by its patients, as well as how the healthcare employees view their work. It then discusses how the interactions between the patients and employees provides a healthcare environment that will allow for the improvement of healthcare. The paper discusses how the country of Malaysia, and specifically the city and area of Kuala Lumpur, is quickly becoming a modern, developed country complete with the medical facilities that denote that development. It finally discusses how healthcare clinics are able to generate revenue and profits for themselves or the hospitals they are affiliated with.
From the Paper
"This anticipation may not be necessarily what the citizens of Malaysia have earmarked as their highest priorities. Much of the health care provided for them at any of the local clinics may not be what the citizens are looking for. The citizen's attitudes towards health care are likely to be different than the citizens from other developed countries."
"This study will seek to discover those attitudes and how they affect health care coverage, and efficiency of the doctors, nurses and health care professionals at a health care facility in Kuala Lumpur. The study will seek to determine whether the attitudes affected by the citizens affect the health care coverage."
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Computers and Disabled Individuals, 2008.
This paper discusses the manner in which computers aid disabled individuals.
2,010 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 91.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that in the past few decades, technology and computer systems have undergone dramatic changes, reflecting the changes in our culture today. The writer points out that as contemporary society becomes increasingly diverse and complex, so do the processes involving computer science. Advancements in computer science have brought jobs to thousands of people with disabilities, including those with spinal cord injuries and vision loss. Fast computers and broadband connections have become so inexpensive and reliable that location is no longer an issue for certain opportunities, such as customer service jobs and online education. The writer maintains that a review of the literature indicates that on a global level, the number of individuals with disabilities is increasing, in addition to technological advancements that aid their disabilities. This paper analyzes and discusses the manner in which computers aid disabled individuals and concludes with recommendations for the future.
Outline:
Introduction
Assistance Provided by Computers
Computers & Disabled Students
Computers & Recreational Activities
Barriers to Computer Use
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Technological advancements in computer science have assisted in that disabled students can attend classrooms with non-disabled students with the aid of certain computer advancements. Technological advancements have caused placement in special classes or removal from the regular education setting only when the disability is so severe that satisfactory education cannot be achieved in regular classes with the use of supplementary supports.
"Computer science has also assisted disabled students in attending institutions of higher learning. Physical, learning, and health-related disabled students are attending college in increasing numbers and usually require accommodations to maximize their educational opportunities. The complexity of this student body produces multiple educational goals, learning approaches, and situational factors present many new challenges unknown in prior years."
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Growing Healthcare Costs, 2008.
An overview of the United States' national healthcare expenditures.
1,268 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 62.95
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Abstract
The paper provides statistics on the United States' growing healthcare expenditures including those of Medicare, Medicaid, prescription drug spending, nursing home spending and home health spending. The paper reveals that since these expenditures increase year by year, it is obvious that population's state of health is only getting worse. The paper asserts that increasing health care expenditures and funding will not solve the problem, rather the government and population should increase their investment in prevention.
From the Paper
"United States' healthcare expenditures in 2005 reached $2 trillion total, and $6,697 per person. Healthcare expenditures increased 6.9% from 2004, accounting for the third consecutive year of deceleration. In the previous years, percentage increase values were the following: 7.2% in 2004, 8.1% in 2003, and 9.1% in 2002. These total healthcare expenditures growth that seems to be following a descending direction are due to lower growth in prescription drugs expenditures (CMS, 2007).
"Also, healthcare expenditures account for 16% of GDP, after a 0.1% increase. This increase is due to the 6.3 economic growth rate. This is a significant value for the country's economic development."
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The Tuskegee Syphilis Study, 2008.
An examination of the medical ethical issues of the Tuskegee Syphilis study and its implications for future medical research.
1,499 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Tuskegee Syphilis study. It describes the background of the study and how they recruited participants. The paper then discusses the course of the study and the issues that occurred. Next, the paper looks at the factors that led to the study being terminated. Finally, the paper discusses the ethical problems that arose and the implications of the study for future medical research.
From the Paper
"Institutions and committees sponsoring or evaluating medical studies using live human subjects should clearly make a choice between the fundamental rights of these subjects to information and the future benefits to be derived by society from the researches. They should refrain from using live human subjects unless absolutely willing to take the risk. On the other hand, the management of sponsors to medical research should monitor the progress of the study. It should make sure all the snags and issues arising from any stage are promptly and satisfactorily addressed. If in power, a responsible leader would take a representative sampling of all possible races. Every participant should be encouraged to express objections and views as the study progressed.
Moreover, an ethicist should be part of the project or consulted several times during the conduct of the study."
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Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring, 2008.
The paper examines Jean Watson's theory of human caring in the light of accepted nursing practice.
1,860 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 11 sources, APA, AU$ 86.95
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Abstract
The theory of human caring developed by Jean Watson is based on a transpersonal approach to the understanding of healing. This approach emphasizes the interconnectedness of human relationships, which comprises a holistic assessment of human being. The paper examines Watson's theory and discusses its impact on the patient and how this form of treatment differs from currently accepted nursing practice which, according to the author of the paper, sees the patient only as an objective entity that is to be approached in a "scientific" and detached way. The author contends that the advantage of this theory is that it provides the professional nurse with a set of theoretical tools for increasing the potential for healing, while at the same also taking account of accepted and normative nursing and healing practices.
Outline:
Introduction: Background
Major Concepts
Application and Case Study
Analysis
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"This view implies a more holistic approach to problem of healing, than is commonly emphasized in conventional nursing procedures. In terms of the philosophical and psychological heritage of this theory, it is based on, among others, the phenomenological psychology and philosophy of Carl Rogers, as well as "... the existential work of Yalom, and the philosophies of de Chardin, Sartre, and Kirkegaard" (Ingalls and Tourvile , 2003). Watson was also influenced by her experiences and contact with different cultures and experiential formats, which led her to view caring and healing in a more expansive context.
"In essence, the core of this theory places the emphasis on the mutual interaction between patient and nurse as a fundamental aspect of nursing care. In these terms, Watson's theory is seen as an important part of the development of nursing theory and praxis."
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