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Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), 2008.
This paper provides an overview of the rare Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD).
1,870 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), also known as spongiform transmissible encephalopathis or infectious amyloidoses, is a dementing disease that results from a prion. Specifically, it describes the definition, occurrence, onset, symptoms and fatal outcome of the disease.This paper asserts that by studying the disease as it manifests in various cases, doctors can become familiar with earlier symptoms and diagnosis, and prepare families in advance. With such preparation, families can obtain closure in advance of the inevitable outcome and reach the closure stage sooner.
From the Paper
"The case study shows that the onset of more commonly psychiatric systems associated with mental illness precludes the early diagnosis of the disease. Instead, warning factors such as neurological symptoms should also be viewed as a warning sign of the disease. This can be particularly helpful in diagnosing familial cases. A known family history of the disease can be helpful in early diagnosis and also in making decisions regarding the care of the patient.
"According to the Memory and Aging Center (2008), many tools are available today that can be helpful in diagnosing the disease more accurately. The MRI for example can accurately detect the abnormalities displayed by the disease and rule out other possibilities such as mental illness. Because of the existing behavioral and movement manifestations of the disease, this tool often requires sedation or general anesthesia in severe cases, as patients are required to be still during the examination process. FLAIR and DWI images are also useful in showing abnormalities that are caused by the disease."
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Pre-Medical Care, 2008.
This paper discusses the many topics concerning pre-hospital care primarily through a literary review.
4,310 words (approx. 17.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 165.95
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Abstract
This research relates that pre-hospital care has remained a mere sub-specialty, yet its role in the continuum of medical intervention cannot be understated. The research then looks at the range of activities pre-hospital care covers, the three phases involved, including the basic principles, observers and the activities conducted during the primary and secondary surveys and training as essential for handling road traumas. It also discusses how paramedics can become more responsive to pre-hospital demand, the problems that are currently confronted by pre-hospital care pathways, the current obstacles and problems to pre-hospital teams and how these can be solved or approached.
Outline:
Statement of the Problem
Literature Review
Method (general only)
Summary and Conclusion
Personnel, Sampling, Timetable, Resources, Budget and Clearances for the Study
From the Paper
"Weiss also points to public education and media relations as further solutions and approaches to the problems confronted by pre-hospital care. She envisions that working together and educating the public about the emergency medical service system and its correct use, prevention of injury and recognition and correct response to medical emergencies would optimize the delivery of pre-hospital care. She also recommends the creation of an emergency-related website, which can feature emergency medical services and facilities. It can also disseminate first-aid information, access to the system and display helpful information and community resources for public information. The pre-hospital team may also evolve marketing and public relations strategies both in meeting its goals and solving current problems. For example, it may hold a news conference on safety on July 4 or gather young people to discuss violence and violence prevention, identification and action. An emergency medical team and hospital member may present videos on traumatic injury, complemented by the testimonials of survivors and military veterans. Other options are distributing emergency care cards to babysitters and young people for urgent times and the establishment of bicycle safety clinics at retail stores, bicycle shops, among emergency department personnel, police stations and where paramedics are stationed."
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Adolescent Substance Abuse, 2008.
A research paper discussing the breadth and prevalence of adolescent substance abuse.
9,571 words (approx. 38.3 pages), 48 sources, MLA, AU$ 283.95
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Abstract
In this research, the writer provides a general overview of adolescent substance abuse, followed by a discussion of some of the more salient societal implications involved. A description of the statistics concerning adolescent substance abuse and its incidence among various groups is followed by a discussion of social identity theory, group affiliation and their respective influence on adolescent substance abuse patterns. An analysis of some of the more common types of substances currently abused by American adolescents is then followed by a discussion of the various factors that have been shown to contribute to adolescent substance abuse behaviors as well as some behaviors that have been shown to mediate such risk.
Outline:
Introduction
General Overview
Types of Substances Typically Abused by Adolescents
Marijuana Use among Adolescents
Statistics/Incidence of Adolescent Substance Abuse
Societal Implications
Treatment Programs for Adolescent Substance Abuse, Including Effectiveness or Lack Thereof
Introduction
Family-Therapy
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
12-Step Programs
Motivational Interviewing
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
Summary
Conclusions
Recommendations
From the Paper
"Parents and other adult caregivers therefore stand out as the primary factors that can either contribute to the incidence of adolescent substance abuse or help encourage young people to avoid such behaviors. Parents can also influence adolescent substance abuse indirectly through their impact on peer group selection. Therefore, the relational patterns that exist within the family and peer group systems appear to represent an important consideration in the development of efficacious treatment protocols for adolescent substance abuse.
"Unfortunately, many young people come from homes where adult substance abuse is a matter of course, and it would appear reasonable to assert that such adults have little incentive or the resources they need to provide their children with the guidance they need during this formative period in their lives. Moreover, there was a distinct downward spiral quality to these behaviors that make early interventions absolutely critical because the more young people engage in such behaviors, the harder it is to effect change, not to mention the increased risk these young people run of becoming yet another grim statistic related to adolescent substance abuse in the United States today."
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Imogene King's Nursing Theory, 2008.
A discussion of Imogene King's conceptual framework of nursing.
853 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Imogene King's general systems framework theory of nursing that emphasizes the importance of the interaction between nurses and patients. The paper looks at how other theorists have adapted King's model to specific uses and focuses on Margaret Newman's conception of health that can be seen as supporting King's approach. The paper suggests that the application of King's approach could be demonstrated with a skit showing the interaction between nurse and patient.
From the Paper
"King attained a diploma from St. John's Hospital School of Nursing in St. Louis, Missouri in 1945 and a BS in Nursing Education at St. Louis University in 1948. she also acquired a degree as Doctor of Education from Teachers College, Columbia University in 1961 and an Honorary PhD from Southern Illinois University in 1980. She started her professional career at St. Louis University and spent several years at Loyola University in Chicago before moving to the University of South Florida. Her system model depicts three interacting systems: personal, interpersonal, and social."
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The Body-Mind Relationship, 2008.
This paper studies the implications of biology in the treatment of mental health patients.
4,526 words (approx. 18.1 pages), 12 sources, APA, AU$ 169.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the biology of behavior, referring to neurophysiology, neurochemistry and hormonal influences as they contribute to the development of behavior, learning, memory, emotions and specific disorders. The paper discusses the disconnect between biology and psychology and the disturbing implications for mental health practice.
Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
Summary and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Over the course of the twentieth century, research into the development of the human mind has led to a more integral understanding of behavior, learning and cognition. Although the insight garnered through research has answered a number of pertinent questions, the reality is that this research has raised as many, if not more, questions than it is has answered. This is because as understanding of the human mind expands, the relationship between the body and the mind becomes more integrated and complex, requiring researchers to understand both dimensions of human existence in order to garner a complete comprehension of the human experience."
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African-American Women and Cardiovascular Disease, 2008.
An examination of why African-American women suffer greater cardiovascular disease than the general population.
1,769 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 20 sources, APA, AU$ 83.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the race-associated differences in health outcomes among African-American women with CVD (Cardiovascular Disease). The paper explains that African Americans suffer greater incidence of cardiovascular disease, and women women suffer cardiovascular and peripheral vascular disease in greater numbers than men. The combination of the two: African-American women, suffer greater cardiovascular disease than the general population in the United States. The paper demonstrates that the above statements are true, and analyzes the causes for this discrepancy in cardiovascular diagnosis and care. The paper then looks at both the demographic as well as the socioeconomic and ethnological reasons for the difference in cardiovascular care. The paper also points out that women experience a greater amount of heart disease, and a lower level of treatment than men. This paper examines the reasons for that discrepancy as well.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Underlying Causes of Heart Disease
African-American Women and Heart Disease
Lifestyle, Heredity and Demographics
Differences in Medical Care
Differences in Demographics
Women's Lower Rate of CHD Treatment
African American Distrust of Physicians and the Medical System
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Although death from coronary heart disease (CHD) is declining for both African Americans and white Americans, the rates are declining faster for white Americans than their Black counterparts. According to the AHA, the incidence of deaths by whites from CHD has declined 46% and 40% for white men and women, respectively, while it has declined 33% and 27% for African American men and women respectively from 1979 to 2002 (AORN, 2002). The AHA posited that the lower decline in the death rate from CHD for African Americans was due primarily to heredity and life style habits."
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The Human Respiratory System, 2008.
An explanation of how the human respiratory system works.
1,967 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 13 sources, APA, AU$ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the workings of the human respiratory system, explaining its complexities, describing some chronic respiratory disorders that cause high fatality rates. The author has included an image for reference.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Tuberculous
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The human respiratory system is a well-developed and complex system involving many different organs such as the nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea and the lungs. Though the actual physiological function of breathing begins only at birth, the development of the respiratory tract, the diaphragm and the lungs occur much earlier in the embryonic stage. Structural and functional changes continue from infancy to adulthood and into old age, as the respiratory system matures with age. There are various diseases of the respiratory system such as asthma, tuberculosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema, lung cancer, etc. While Asthma is a genetic disease, Tuberculosis, lung cancer, etc, are acquired pulmonary diseases. Life style and environmental factors are important in contributing to and increasing the susceptibility to respiratory disorders. The following discussion includes a brief overview of the structural development of the human respiratory system followed by an overview of COPD and Tuberculosis, two of the prevalent diseases of the respiratory system, and their impact on occupational performance."
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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, 2008.
An outline of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its treatment.
1,884 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 87.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the causes and effects of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as well as its treatment. The paper explains that this disorder results from a chemical imbalance in the brain and not merely from a traumatic experience.
Outline:
Introduction
Effects and Causes
Treatment
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is an anxiety disorder that can develop after a terrifying event, where physical harm occurred. Some traumatic events may consist of violent personal assaults, natural or human-caused disasters, accidents, or military combat. The cause of post-traumatic stress disorder is unclear, however it is believed that chemicals or hormones released during a traumatic situation may cause long-term changes in the structures and functions of the brain."
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Healthcare, Hospitals and the Uninsured, 2008.
An examination of the impact of the uninsured population on Sidonia Psychiatric Care Center.
1,807 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 84.95
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Abstract
The paper focuses on the Sidonia Psychiatric Care Center, an acute inpatient care facility for adults, adolescents and children. The paper discusses how the facility had to adjust from a largely insured patient population, to a largely Medicare, Medicaid and uninsured population. The paper describes the difficulty in running Sidonia with such high running costs. The paper warns that while the debate continues daily about what to do about the uninsured in America, hospitals, especially specialty care like Sidonia, are getting closer to closing their doors to inpatient care altogether.
Outline:
Ten Years Ago
Today
Staffing
The Future
From the Paper
"Sidonia Psychiatric Care Center is licensed for 110 beds, but utilize only 100 of those beds. They are an acute inpatient care facility for adults, adolescents, and children. This includes a dual diagnosis ward for adult drug and alcohol patients whose primary diagnosis is a psychiatric diagnosis, but whose secondary diagnosis is one of drug and alcohol abuse and addiction. Sidonia has been in operation for more than 20 years, since the middle 1980s, which is the halfway point between the emergence of managed care and overhaul of existing group plans, which evolved into today's managed care programs and the representative group benefit plans, which are vastly different than those of the 1980s."
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The Importance of Proper Nutrition, 2008.
This paper discusses the need for balanced food choices in health and disease prevention.
1,084 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 54.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how in today's fast-paced, instant gratification world, quality nutrition often gets pushed to the side in favor of convenience. The paper overviews the concept of dietary guidelines and the importance of proper nutrition as it relates to health and preventing illness.
Outline:
Introduction
Proper Nutrition Overview
The Food Pyramid and Dietary Guidelines
Proper Nutrition and Disease Prevention
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Lam (2006) notes, "Proper nutrition and a balanced lifestyle are the cornerstones of good health". Food makes life possible and is both sustenance and symbol. Hardy (2005) notes the word 'nutrition' comes from the Latin word nutrire, which means to suckle, nurse or nourish. The importance of proper nutrition was first recognized by Hippocrates, when he said "let your food be your medicine and your only medicine by your food" (cited Hardy, 2005). This concept of how important nutrition is to the human body remains to this day. To put it simply - no food; no life. However, it is not simply a matter of consuming food indiscriminately. Poor quality food is just as detrimental to good health as lack of quantity of food (Keeling, 2001)."
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Marketing to Children, 2008.
This paper explores the significant effects of marketing to children.
1,448 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 70.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the evolution of marketing to children and its growth over the past decades. The paper examines its pros and cons but claims that the benefits are far outweighed by the damage this marketing has. The paper explains how children are easily influenced by marketing, with their impressionable minds hardly a match for the technology, personnel, and dollars that are dedicated to sell them goods. The paper concludes that children are paying the price in the form of illness, pain and even death.
From the Paper
"On any given day in America, children play on colorful sliding boards, swings and other amusements, clutching colorful round balloons given to them by a friendly face- that of a clown in a brightly colored costume that they have seen many times before on their own television sets in the comfort of their own homes. Meanwhile, their parents readily open their wallets to purchase hamburgers, soft drinks and more for the children to quickly gobble up before running back to join their friends at play. While this may seem like some sort of a scene from a movie or what one can find at their local circus, it is actually the setting at any on of thousands of fast food restaurants across the United States."
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Reduction of Errors and Patient Risk in ICU, 2008.
A case study analysis of Porter Valparaiso Hospital's attempts to reduce error and patient risk in their intensive care unit (ICU).
3,437 words (approx. 13.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 140.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a case study that examines the process and results achieved by one hospital, Porter Valparaiso of Valparaiso, Indiana, as encountered in its efforts to improve safety and reduce error in the intensive care unit (ICU). It describes the background of errors in the hospital and how the hospital attempted to reduce these errors. It then discusses their results.
Table of Contents:
Background
Hospital Goals and Self-assessment
Application of New Processes
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
From the Paper
"This case study is suggestive of a number of areas for additional research. Due to its nature as a case study, it is unclear if similar adoption of the TICU methodology framework in cooperation with institution-specific goals would be effective in all medical environments. Since many of the procedure and protocol changes were TICU instituted, it is additionally unclear what the hospital / unit-specific measures contributed to reduction of risk. Additional studies concerning the infection-suppression and glucose monitoring techniques used in the Porter Valparaiso ICU would be helpful to identify their contribution in comparison to those methods provided or recommended by TICU. This case study also omitted any internal challenges encountered in incorporating new methods; staff response and criticism is limited and may help other organizations to better handle the same challenges."
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Hazardous Waste, 2008.
A discussion on how to treat, handle and dispose of hazardous waste.
1,773 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 83.95
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Abstract
The research presented in this paper closely examines hazardous waste, its production, transportation and storage, and any issues arising out of those processes or events that will help lend insight and understanding into this very important subject. The paper explains that hazardous waste is any product which necessitates a special process or treatment for disposing of the waste, or, if mishandled, the waste, such as asbestos, poses a threat and health hazard to people who come in contact with it. The paper points out that there were no international rules or laws governing the transfer of hazardous waste from one country to another, and in some instances the transfer was negotiated privately, without making the government of the receiving country aware of the transfer. The paper suggests that it is perhaps more important than ever, and a very good time to look at the issues of hazardous waste when people are concerned about issues such as global warming and preserving the natural environment. The paper concludes that the issue of hazardous waste is one that must be addressed, and addressed in a way that relieves third world countries and future generations of people of the burden of dealing with that problem.
Outline:
What is Hazardous Waste and Who Makes It?
From the Paper
"Third world countries are targeted as dumping grounds for hazardous waste because those countries are badly in need of cash. It becomes very unsettling from a safety and humanitarian perspective when one thinks of the little island of Haiti contracting to receive hazardous waste when that country is already dealing with the squalor of human waste and disease for which there are no adequate infrastructures like sewer systems, water delivery systems, housing, and other infrastructure that would facilitate the adequate and proper handling and treatment of hazardous waste."
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Benefits of Running/ Jogging, 2008.
A discussion of the benefits of running/jogging.
2,034 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the benefits of running/ jogging as well as the common problems faced by runners. The paper also discusses the solutions to these problems. The paper explains that the desire to lose weight is one of the primary reasons why people run. The paper also points out that running, like other aerobic exercises, lowers the triglyceride and blood pressure levels. The paper then looks at how most studies have shown that the health benefits are directly proportional to the amount of running done, i.e., the greater the per week running mileage, the greater the benefit.
Outline:
The Difference between Running/ Jogging and Walking
Benefits of Running:
- Weight Loss
- Cardio-respiratory/ Aerobic Fitness
- Lower Cholesterol and Blood Pressure
- Boosting the Immune System
- Retards the Aging Process
- Psychological Benefits
- Community Benefits
Problems Faced by Runners:
- Common Running Injuries
- Other Problems Faced by Runners & Ways to Overcome Them
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Cardio-respiratory or aerobic fitness refers to the ability of the heart to pump strongly and more efficiently and the capacity of the muscles to use oxygen more efficiently. The heart of aerobically fit persons pumps more blood and oxygen with each beat and their muscles consume more oxygen than that of relatively unfit people. It is a basic biological fact that the greater use of muscles makes them stronger. Regular running strengthens the muscles of the heart, enabling it to pump blood with greater strength and increases the ability of the muscles to consume more oxygen. It also increases the activity of enzymes and hormones in our body that stimulate the muscles. The end result is improved aerobic fitness and increased endurance (Weil, para on "What are the fitness benefits of running?"). A recent study also shows that the increased amounts of "opioids" (the chemicals that produce the "runner's high") produced in a runners body protects the heart muscles from heart attack damage (Hitti)."
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Health Policies, 2008.
This paper discusses the impact of health policies on healthcare organizations and systems.
1,416 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 68.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer provides an analysis of health policies and their effect on healthcare organizations and systems. The researcher hypothesizes that properly written and clearly communicated policies are the foundation for good healthcare and organizational systems that run efficiently and productively. Poor policies on the other hand, generally lead to miscommunication and disturbances within the organization and the organizational culture. A literature review focusing on the purposes and effects of health policies is provided. From the information gathered the researcher concludes that there is ample evidence health care policies effect organizations and systems in different ways, depending on the scope of the policy and the people it addresses.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Literature Review
Evaluation & Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There is still much debate among researchers about the effects of health policy on healthcare organizations and systems. Information provided by the literature review suggests that health policies have many different effects on the organization and the healthcare systems an organization has in place. Some policies are created to be purely humanistic, meaning their goal is to improve the health and wellness of the people directly influenced by the policy. Other policies are more capitalistic in nature, serving the healthcare organization by lowering costs and providing incentives to individuals that are willing to work to help reduce overhead and increase capital for the healthcare organization."
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Universal Health Care System, 2008.
This paper discusses the pros and cons of a universal health care system in California.
1,215 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 13 sources, MLA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that currently over seven million people in California gamble with their health, as they live without health insurance coverage. It is the position of this paper that California should adopt some form of a universal health care system for its citizens. The benefits for doing so clearly out weigh the costs. The writer maintains that this is a problem that will only escalate in the future as premiums, populations, and life expectancy continue to expand. The paper begins with an overview of the pending California bill that, if passed, would create a universal health-care system. Then, the positives and negatives of adopting such a system are critically analyzed, with the focus primarily being on overall costs, quality and innovation. Finally, in light of this evidence, a conclusion is drawn as to what California should do in this regard.
From the Paper
"The program would be funded through the Health Insurance Fund, an independent state fund. The fund would put in place various cost control measures that would allow for the funding and spending to be able to adapt to changes in the health market, enabling the system to remain efficient and beneficial. One cost controlling measure of particular interest is the provision that would allow the Commissioner to refuse an individual coverage until they prove they plan to remain in California for a to-be-determined eligibility period. Another interesting provision is one prohibiting any private health insurance program that covers benefits already covered by the California system to be sold within the state."
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