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Frederick Douglass, 2007.
A review of the institution of slavery as described in Frederick Douglass' autobiography "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave".
1,859 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews Frederick Douglass' famous autobiography, "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave", in which he describes the institution of slavery, his personal experience as a slave, his understanding of how the system perpetuated itself and his eventual intellectual growth and freedom from it. The paper describes how Douglass relieved his heart of the burden of slavery by expressing himself through language.
From the Paper
"The knowledge that sets Douglass apart from his fellow enslaved people did not make life any easier for him for some time. His ability to read allowed him to read the newspapers and "the more I read, the more I was led to abhor and detest my enslavers. I could regard them in no other light than a band of successful robbers, who had left their homes, and gone to Africa, and stolen us from our homes, and in a strange land reduced us to slavery" (55). This ability to read and synthesize his thoughts reinforces the cruel irony of his situation. He "writhed under" his learning and he says "I envied my fellow-slaves for their stupidity. I have often wished myself a beast" (55). Having such knowledge but being powerless to use it made him wretched, especially when he returned to the plantation and was treated as an actual subhuman brute."
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Toni Morrison's "Beloved", 2006.
This paper analyzes the themes of bondage and freedom in "Beloved" by Toni Morrison.
1,950 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in Toni Morrison's "Beloved", the concepts of bondage and freedom are inextricably linked to the process of forgetting and remembering in the book. The author points out that "Beloved", which won a Pulitzer Prize for literature, is a haunting novel of racism, freedom, slavery and the past that give the reader new insight into the nightmare of slavery and the wonderful promise of freedom. The paper relates that the book graphically illustrates the importance of freedom and that it is impossible for someone who has suffered the worst indignities to forget the past and move on toward the future.
From the Paper
"While the characters all try desperately to forget the past, they are not interested in the future, and this places them in a kind of "limbo." They are constantly reminded of the past, they cannot deal with it, and yet their lives hold no hope for the future. Sethe thinks to herself at one point, "But her brain was not interested in the future. Loaded with the past and hungry for more, it left her no room to imagine, let alone plan for, the next day. Exactly like that afternoon in the wild onions - where one more step was the most she could see of the future." Sethe and Denver really have no future, and they know that. Sethe will never find acceptance in a town that shuns her and neither will Denver. "
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The Harlem Renaissance, 2007.
This paper discusses Langston Hughes; a poet and author involved in the "New Negro Movement" of the early 1900s.
1,682 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 85.95
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Abstract
The paper describes Langston Hughes' background and his literary works. The paper relates that Hughes is best known for his poetry, that illustrated life in America during the early 1900s. The paper analyzes one of the poems from "Montage of a Dream Deferred," his first book-length poem. The paper points out that his poems did not fit any particular mold; he was following his own dream, like that noted in the poem. However, he did not defer his dream to the future, but lived it nearly his whole life as he pushed for African-American equality and the right for all blacks to be free every aspect of their lives.
From the Paper
"Among Hughes works are at least eight books for young readers; several of them relate the history of black people and their contributions to America. He also wrote numerous poetry books and plays and edited many works. Some of them are humorous as well. More than any other black author, Hughes wrote truthfully about black life and its difficulties. He was criticized by both blacks and whites, but he was the first black American to live completely from his writing and public lectures (Gale)."
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Diversity in Health Care, 2007.
An analysis of the need for skills to deal with people of differing cultural backgrounds in the health care system.
1,086 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses cultural diversity within the health care system in the United States. The paper discusses the different needs and requirements for dealing with cultural diversity, both within the hospital system and also in private practices. It looks at the skills that are needed by doctors, nurses and administrative staff within the health care profession in order to make people of all ethnicities welcome and comfortable.
From the Paper
"It isn't enough that the doctors, or doctors and nurses, have developed cultural awareness and sensitivity. Every person on the office staff will interact with patients in some way, and all need to be aware of how their actions can help someone, for instance with a significant language barrier, get quality health care. Medical care does not begin and end with exams and treatments. The patients must set appointments, discuss insurance problems, provide important information, and understand instructions. Those encounters may have more effect on the person's medical decisions than the doctor's care. Unfortunately, a significant number of minority patients feel they have negative experiences that can range from insensitivity to discrimination when dealing with a practice's office staff (NCCC)."
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"Beloved", 2007.
An analysis of the themes of bondage and freedom in "Beloved" by Toni Morrison.
1,951 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the book "Beloved" by Toni Morrison. Specifically, the paper discusses how the concepts of bondage and freedom are inextricably linked to the process of forgetting and remembering in the book. "Beloved" is a haunting novel of racism, freedom, slavery and the past. The paper also looks at how the book graphically illustrates the importance of freedom and how it is impossible for some who have suffered the worst indignities to forget the past and move on toward the future.
From the Paper
"Throughout this difficult and yet beautiful novel, the characters struggle with their past. They have all lived through slavery and they have all been forced to make terrible decisions in their lives. Sethe is forced to murder; Stamp Paid's wife became an unwilling mistress to their master's son, and Paul D endures wearing a bit in his mouth as punishment. All the evils slaves had to face come back in these memories, and it is no wonder they want to forget them. They are tales of horrible, inhumane cruelty, and these memories make the reader face many truths about society and slavery. Sethe may be free, but she is still a slave in many ways. She cannot buy groceries at the same time as whites. She is constantly reminded she is black and different. She has traded slavery for another kind of bondage, and that is one of the points Morrison is attempting to make with this book. "
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Ralph Ellison's "The Invisible Man", 2007.
An examination of Ralph Ellison and his motives for writing "The Invisible Man".
1,371 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 71.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes the book "The Invisible Man" and its author, Ralph Ellison. The paper describes the book as richly symbolic and deeply personal, and examines how "Invisible Man" fuses literary genres and styles. The writer explores how the novel is quintessentially American in its promotion of individualism and its critique of large-scale social and political movements. Moreover, the writer proposes that the themes in "Invisible Man" are unique to American culture: race relations in post-slavery, pre-civil rights United States. The paper further discusses how Ellison wrote several years before the Civil Rights movement took place and the author lived at the cutting edge of Black political empowerment. "Invisible Man" suggests awareness of the often conflicting ideals of African-Americans.
From the Paper
"Ralph Waldo Ellison, named after the premier transcendentalist poet Ralph Waldo Emerson, cultivated his interest in literature alongside other passions including most of all jazz music. Jazz appears frequently in Invisible Man, as a salvific force and as a emblem of African-American culture and creativity. Like the narrator in Invisible Man, Ellison explored many avenues for self-expression, only one of which was writing. He played the trumpet well, and befriended many prominent jazz musicians throughout his life. Like the narrator of the book, Ellison moved to Harlem during its heyday in the 1930s and was promptly surrounded by jazz music and other keynotes of African-American culture."
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Competent Counseling, 2007.
This paper discusses 'best practice' counseling, with a focus on African-American and Hispanic-American patients.
3,769 words (approx. 15.1 pages), 21 sources, MLA, AU$ 162.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews the treatment literature for Hispanic-Americans and African-American patients through consideration of the cultural and ethnic variables. The paper explains that these are critical aspects in the consideration of matching a client to program services. The paper also identifies those aspects of the culture that should be incorporated into more standard treatment programs. Based on the review of literature, a set of best practice guidelines and a set of counselor competencies are developed that support the integration of cultural variables into treatment services.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Review of the Literature
Characteristics of the Culturally Skilled Counselor
Counseling: The African American Individual
Counseling: The Hispanic Individual
Best Practice Guidelines and Counselor Competences
From the Paper
"The counseling professional takes certain attitudes, beliefs, and pre-conceptions with them into the therapy session that may or may not be conducive to the proper and effective treatment of their clients. Specifically certain preconceived notions based on race, ethnicity, or culture may serve to be negative in their effect and even harmful to the well-being of the client being counseled. It is critically important that these issues be addressed during the education and training of the professional counselor in order to prepare the counselor for effectively assessing and counseling their clients in their professional practice.
Existent as well are the factors associated with differences that exist between the races, and specifically in this work the focus will be the African-American and Hispanic race. The cultural differences existent between these two races are pronounced and must be considered separately instead of giving consideration only to cultures other than the predominant White culture, each of these races must be accorded separate consideration by the professional counselor in order for therapy to be effective."
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Interracial Identities, 2005.
This paper argues that America's history of institutionalized racism and white superiority has given way to the displacement and alienation of interracial individuals, thus creating fragmented and broken identities.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that allowing the southern states to decide policy on Reconstruction after the Civil War was a big mistake on the part of the federal government because the South created the Jim Crow laws, which put into motion the segregation of the races. The author points out that the response time for the aid to the New Orleans hurricane victims illustrates that slavery remains ingrained in American culture, dividing Americans into interracial identities of not only race but also class and economic status. The paper examines the works of African-American Langston Hughes and Japanese-American David Mura for contemporary examples of the problem of interracial identities in the U.S..
Table of Contents:
Introduction
America's Civil War and Aftermath
Contemporary Samples
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In Langston Hughes' poem "Cross", he discusses what it is like to be a biracial man in America and it is his character's anger that resonates. It is very clear how much he resents being both black and white with the language he chooses. There is the respect he feels for his father but lack of respect for his mother that comes across clearly. As if there is shame involved being a product of the union between two different colored people but also two people from different stations in society. This leaves him not only as a cross between the two people but also with a cross to bear in life as he struggles with his own identity."
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Blacks and Social Issues, 2006.
This paper discusses in what ways society has come closer to realizing Martin Luther King's dream.
856 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 48.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that in many ways, King's dream of a better, more equal life for African-Americans has in fact been realized. The writer offers the example that blacks and other minorities today now have many more, even if not still enough, educational and job opportunities than they did in 1963. The writer explains that a black middle class now exists in America, whereas in 1963, one did not. Further, the writer maintains that many improvements have also occurred for the disabled (e.g., more wheelchair and public transportation access). This paper discusses how life in America has improved (or not) for blacks and other minorities in America since Martin Luther King Jr. first gave his "I Have a Dream" speech in 1963.
From the Paper
"In his "I Have a Dream" speech, Martin Luther King Jr. states, hopefully, that: "Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning". Today, 42 years after King gave that speech, many aspects of day-to-day life in the United States, for blacks and other minorities, have improved, at least for a number of (if not all) minorities. Educational and job opportunities, for example, are now much better for minorities in America than they were in the past. Still, many minorities in America today face discrimination, in education, housing, jobs, etc., even though such discrimination became illegal after the Civil Rights Act, the passage of Affirmative Action laws, etc. However, many peoples' personal feelings about blacks, the disabled, and other minorities have not changed much (if at all), and that still accounts for a great deal of racial and other discrimination that lingers on in America today."
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The Newark Riots, 2005.
An in-depth discussion on the 1967 riots in Newark.
2,362 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 114.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the reasons and events that led to the outbreak of the Newark riots. It explains that poverty, unemployment, and their resultant social effects were major instigators of the riot. The author also describes the violence, vandalism and police brutality surrounding the event. It expands on how the Newark riots served as a violent catalyst for widespread social change in America.
From the Paper
"With no blacks in positions of political influence in the city, the Central Ward community felt powerless in the face of institutionalized racism and corruption. The African-American community experienced the first twinges of empowerment when federal funding for low-income neighborhoods enabled some political organization in African-American neighborhoods like Central Ward. However, a sudden stop in federal monies resulted in yet more anger and tension, leading to an escalated rhetoric of violence. In all likelihood, the very idea of organized African-American community empowerment threatened the status quo of a white-dominated society."
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Rousseau and the American Anti-Slavery Movement, 2006.
An in-depth analysis of the contributions of Jean Jacques Rousseau to the abolition of slavery in the USA.
7,411 words (approx. 29.6 pages), 20 sources, MLA, AU$ 256.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes whether the American anti-slavery movement should be considered as being independent of the general change in thinking of the average man during that period. The paper also discusses the views of Jean Jacques Rousseau and his impact on the abolition of slavery in the USA.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Analysis
History
Who Came First - Blacks Or White?
Plantation Economics And Removal Of Slavery
Abolitionism
Some Examples Of Anti-Slavery Movements
The General Attitude Of The Whites To Blacks And Slavery
Philosophy and Practice
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The concept of Rousseau of a natural man as a symbol of pre-civilized innocence and seeing him as an untutored savage is difficult to understand. This was also not taken as a look at other cultures, as the innocent savage of Rousseau is a part of the European mentality and not a person from the other unknown nations of Africa and America. There have also been other images similar to it like the famous cartoon by James Gillray which showed some unknowns enjoying a meal of dismembered aristocrats. (19th century AD)"
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African and Caribbean Diaspora, 2006.
This paper discusses the forced migration of African peoples from their homelands to other parts of the world.
1,356 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the effects the African and Caribbean diaspora has had on the African-American population throughout history. Three subtopics are covered. The first is a discussion of how it has affected the identity of African-Americans through a loss of cultural heritage. The second subtopic deals with effects on the family and how gender roles of men and women within the household have been switched. Thirdly, the loss of self-value suffered by African-Americans from a collective feeling of inferiority to white Americans and the American upper class are discussed. By the conclusion of this paper, the reader should have a sound understanding of the factors that have shaped the current African-American culture and the struggles they still face.
From the Paper
"As stated in the introduction, the African and Caribbean diaspora refers to the forced migration of African peoples from their homelands to other parts of the world, mainly North America and the Caribbean. This paper will focus mainly around the forced North American migration. The term 'forced' is used because that was exactly how the migration came about. Put bluntly, an astounding number of African people were abducted from their homelands, separated from their families, and shipped like cargo to different areas of the world, including North America. From the first moment of abduction, African people were subjected to a series of cruel treatments meant to dehumanize and prepare them for a life to be lived as property, as slaves. The brutal and malicious acts Africans were helplessly subjected to attacked their self-value and succeeded in eroding their view of themselves not only as a collective African people, but also as human beings."
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Stereotyping and its Effect on Minorities, 2006.
A discussion on stereotypes and racism of minority groups.
3,471 words (approx. 13.9 pages), 15 sources, MLA, AU$ 153.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how racial profiling can affect the way people expect that person to act, the way his or her actions are taken by others, and the way that person sees him or herself portrayed. The paper further examines how the media is responsible for disseminating racial stereotypes, and how the media and entertainment can also help to combat racial stereotyping by forcing people to look at caricatures of themselves to promote discussion. The paper analyzes how the film "Crash" is an example of this, exploring racism from all angles in such a blatant way that it could not help but spark discussion. The paper concludes that while racism may not be as blatant as it was before the Civil Rights Movement it still has a presence in today's society.
Table of Contents:
What does Stereotyping do to Minorities?
Racial Stereotyping in the Media
What Does Racism do to Minorities?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Racial stereotyping can have many negative affects on an individual. The effects can come in the form of the way people expect that person to act, the way his or her actions are taken by others, and the way that person sees him or herself portrayed. And these stereotypes can have many damaging consequences."
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The Dilemma of Beacheaven, 2006.
A look at the dilemma the community of Beacheaven face when electing a new police captain.
1,200 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the community of Beacheaven and the issues they face when electing a new police captain. According to this paper, Beacheaven has always taken pride in aiming to increase the representation of females and minorities within their community. This paper reports that the Concerned Citizens Coalition will decide to rally for an affirmative action solution.
From the Paper
"The city of Beacheaven took a positive step in announcing their affirmative action plan and it should be noted that any positive action would always have a group of people opposing it. When the city announced its plan it should carry it out without caring about any legal action. Such actions are important to reduce the act of discrimination that is prevalent in our society today. "Employment discrimination experts agree that antidiscrimination laws such as the Civil Rights Act encourage, and in many instances require, affirmative action" (Forman, 1991). Affirmative action is necessary and people from the minorities should be brought up to higher ranks and highly paid jobs rather than left concentrated at lower paid jobs. Opportunity should be given to them so that they can excel and make their living standards better. Equal opportunity should be present for all the races in the United States. Moreover, gender discrimination should also be subtracted and men and women should have equal job opportunities. Affirmative action is being taken by many nations of the world because they realize its importance. "India, for example, has undertaken affirmative action initiatives in regard to disfavored castes that are both older and more extensive than any program ventured in the United States" (Ginsburg, 2000). Its 1950 constitution boldly affirms affirmative action because it realizes that equal opportunity should be presented to all the castes and races in India."
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Racial Segregation, 2006.
An analysis of the reasons behind racial segregation and its effects on the black community.
1,661 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper examines three works which cite a different determining factor in the separation of the races, and examines each particular factor's detrimental effects on the black community. After examining those works, this paper argues that the real root of racial segregation is ultimately voluntary, even if influenced by the variances of racial economics.
From the Paper
"This analysis examines not only the structural factors which exist in continued inequalities between black and white communities, but the cultural factors which contribute to the continuance of these structural factors. Cashin's analysis is the only one of the three which truly explains the circular patter of structural factors creating the cultural factors that contribute to the black and white segregation. As this segregation is already the status quo in many of the communities which were originally segregated (i.e. the suburbs versus the inner city), it becomes more acceptable for members of the community to prefer their own comfort zone of the community they already inhabit (Cashin 2005)."
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Frederick Douglass, 2006.
This paper compares the childhood of Frederick Douglass, as he described in his autobiography "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself", to the accounts of other slaves, who also were authors.
1,355 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, when comparing Douglass' life with the autobiographical accounts of other slaves, at least most of the time, Douglass does not seem to have experienced as much hardship as many other slaves had experienced. The author points out that Douglass' autobiography provides a view of slavery through the eyes of a relatively personally fortunate slave, one who may have been favored because his master was his biological father, though no such thing could have been admitted at the time. The paper suggests that Douglass clearly achieved more in his life than any of the other slaves, giving testimonial evidence because of his resiliency and his yearning for freedom, respect and dignity.
From the Paper
"True accounts of life in bondage for other slaves, including Linda Brent (also known as Harriet Jacobs) seems to have been more difficult overall than it was for Frederick Douglass. In Linda Brent's own case, after her relatively happy and protected childhood, she was then sexually abused by her master, beginning in her earliest adolescence, and began a life of daily misery for that reason. Obviously Frederick Douglass, being male, would never have been subjected to that particular form of abuse within slavery, but in contrast, neither Douglass's childhood master on the plantation nor his later master and mistress in Baltimore seem to have treated him badly."
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