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The Beginning of the Cold War, 2007.
An analysis of the ideological and economic factors that contributed to start of the Cold War.
1,845 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 96.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the factors that contributed to the beginning of the Cold War, which dominated much of the second half of the twentieth century. The paper concludes that, despite all the varied political and historical reasons, the central cause for the start of the Cold War can be seen as a fight for world power and political control in both an ideological and economic sense.
From the Paper
"There are many other important aspects that mark the beginning of the Cold War Era. One was the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or NATO in 1949. NATO as a joint military group was created to "... defend against Soviet forces in Europe ". ( Cold War) The first members of NATO were Belgium, Britain, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and the United States. ( Cold War) A similar organization was formed by the Soviet Union and its east European allies known as the Warsaw Pact. This also serves to emphasize the entrenchment of the Cold War into an organizational and institutional ethos."
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Globalization and Communication, 2007.
This paper explores the extent that globalization contributes to the shaping of communication systems in different areas of the world.
2,275 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 14 sources, MLA, AU$ 114.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the many contending theories in the debate surrounding globalization. The study focuses on the relationship between communications, cultural accessibility and globalization. Throughout the paper, attention is drawn to the fact that the various elements of globalization, such as culture, politics and economics are inextricably intertwined and that any analysis of one aspect must include references to the others. The paper concludes that despite the positive aspects that globalization brings, there is a growing sense of discontent with globalization from many quarters.
Outline:
Introduction
Theoretical Perspectives
The Realities of Globalization and Communication
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The concept and meaning of globalization is in itself a source of contention in term of its definition. "What does "globalization" mean? As a term and concept, "globalization" lacks concise, universal interpretation because it is too complex a concept for clean-cut assessment. " (Muraoka K.T.) Part of the reason for this situation is that the term has been used to express different meanings in different contexts. The term 'globalization 'is used in a monetary context to refer to, "...the efforts of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank and others to create a global free market for goods and services.""
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Submarine Warfare, 2007.
This paper discusses the background and function of submarines today.
1,074 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
The paper reveals the history and development of submarines. The paper explains that these early crafts were little more than experimental models and were occasionally used as a weapon of desperation by states with weak navies that offered no real threat to major naval powers. The paper shows, however, how today's submarines are "deadly ship-killers." The paper notes that although the acquisition and operational and repair costs of submarines are high, they have become a vital part of global navies.
From the Paper
"In 1578, former Navy gunner William Bourne designed the first recorded underwater navigational craft. It had a wooden framework bound in waterproofed leather and was to be submerged by employing hand vises that contracted the sides and decreased the volume (Saga). His design was never built, but a similar craft was built in 1605, however during its first underwater trial it became stuck in the river bottom (Saga). In 1620, Cornelius Van Drebbel designed the first practical submarine, a rowboat covered in greased leather. While rowers pulled on oars that protruded through flexible leather seals in the hull, snorkel air tubes held above the surface by floats, allowed the craft to remain submerged for several hours (Saga)."
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International Strategies, 2007.
This paper discusses international strategies using the U.S. foreign policy toward Vietnam as the example.
1,063 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that many people think of foreign policy as exclusively pertaining to military action but, in reality, international strategies can pertain to all aspects of international affairs, including diplomacy, economic assistance and developmental assistance. The author points out that, using the international strategy called development assistance, the U.S. helped South Vietnam build its infrastructure and economy and provided many new products to be used for agricultural production. The paper relates that, as part of its foreign policy, the United States educates the world about America and implementing American products, ideas and cultures in different countries; thereby, McDonald's and The Gap have set-up shops in the cities of Vietnam and are doing a huge business.
Table of Contents:
How the U.S. Implements Strategies in Vietnam
Diplomatic Relations
Broad Foreign Policy
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Diplomacy is a strategy used by many nations including the United States in resolving issues without resorting to war. The issues can be military issues, economic issues, social or cultural issues. They have a potentially negative impact on their relationships between the two nations or they have the ability to create tension that could ultimately lead to war. The diplomats that are chosen to represent each nation are chosen for their lifetime achievements and their well known ability to mediate and help resolve situations that can become volatile."
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National Security Affairs of Vietnam, 2006.
A review of Vietnam's national security affairs.
1,255 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an exploration of the national security affairs of Vietnam. It examines Vietnam's major and minor adversaries and discusses the national purpose of Vietnam and how that interest creates international conflict or affects international relations. The paper also uncovers the source of power for Vietnam and summarizes any threat that Vietnam is currently facing.
Outline:
Introduction
Major Adversary
Minor Adversary
National Purpose
Ideologies
National Threat
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The national purpose of Vietnam is three fold. The first purpose that the nation has is to rebuild its highways, roads, bridges, trade industry and agricultural abilities that were destroyed during the conflict. This has been a steady goal of the nation since the 1970's.
The second purpose of Vietnam is to develop strong relations with the United States. The United States has recently become the number one trading partner with Vietnam. The exports and imports of the nations currently total $4 billion annually with growth on the horizon. The continued friendship between the United States and Vietnam is important as a national purpose for Vietnam as it continues to avoid China's watchful eye and wrath.
As long as Vietnam and the United States remain friendly and continue to build relations Vietnam will feel more comfortable if a face off with China ever occurs. With the US as an ally it is probable that China will think twice before making any move in the direction of Vietnam(Heitzman, 1991). "
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War in Iraq, 2007.
An argument against the war in Iraq.
3,725 words (approx. 14.9 pages), 14 sources, APA, AU$ 165.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the reasons behind the war in Iraq and how subsequent developments such as the failure of the U.S. forces to find any weapons of mass destruction (WMD), a determined Iraqi insurgency against the U.S. occupation and the Abu Gharib scandal have further put grave doubts on the wisdom and legitimacy of the U.S. action. It argues that the U.S. invasion of Iraq violates the international law and is a war of aggression and also examines the justifications given by the U.S. administration for the war.
Outline:
Background of the War
The United States' Arguments about the Legality of the Iraq War and their Rebuttal
The United Nations' View on the Iraq Invasion
Status of the International Criminal Court
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The 1991 Gulf War ended in a cease-fire as per the UN Resolution # 686, which required Iraq to accept and abide by all previous Security Council resolutions - including Resolution # 678. The cease-fire resolution also authorized UN inspection teams to enter Iraq and ensure that its regime complied with UN arms limitation treaties such as the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). When UN inspectors discovered that Saddam Hussein was in not complying with such treaties, the United Nations passed another resolution (No. 687) imposing economic sanctions that were not to be lifted until Iraq was once again in substantial compliance with all UN arms conventions, including the NPT. (Ibid.) "
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"The New Nature of Nation-State Failure", 2006.
A critique and review of Robert I. Rotberg's "The New Nature of a Nation-State Failure".
2,811 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 135.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes "The New Nature of Nation-State Failure" by Robert I. Rotberg. According to the paper, Rotberg offers the reader a close and intimate view of what actually occurs and what the citizens undergo as the nation-state's failure plays out according to the lines written by a ruling elite class of powerful governing classes that have essentially taken over the country in a patriarchal and despotic rule.
Outline:
Introduction
Summary
Strengths and Weaknesses
Improvements
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Rotberg moves on to the subject of prevention of such state failure call it much easier than a revival once having failed or collapsed in a destructive manner. Long and expensive are the call words that Rotberg assigns to revival of a country after such as state of failure and collapse has been reached. Creation of security, administrative structure, a bureaucracy and location of funds are the steps taken in the first effort of revival of a collapsed state along with establishment of a legal code and system, training of court officials and opening of courtrooms, restarting of schools, rebuilding and refurbishing of hospitals, building of roads, gathering of demographical statistics. Although Rotberg states that elections are not first priority but constitutions and elections to encourage democracy are very important. It is more important according to Rotberg that strength is given to nation states prior to failure as it is much easier to attempt revival from this point instead of after failure and collapse. He cites 'outside support' as being 'conditional on monetary and fiscal streamlining' with 'renewed attention to good governance, with reforms of land tenure systems and strict adherence to the rule of law" taking place. Nothing that endures can be accomplished in a short period of time. It is very important that failure of many of these states is prevented but it is also costly. These places ethnic cleansing and famines result in the newly failed states with terrorist groups taking hold. "
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Underlying Causes of Terrorism, 2007.
This paper argues that current U.S. policies in the "war against terrorism" have been ineffective in combating terrorist activity.
1,915 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 99.95
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Abstract
The paper describes the history of unrest in the Middle Eastern region. The paper contends that through Western policies, embargoes, fear and greed, the Middle East has been caught in a continuous cycle of oppression and restriction with very little hope of escaping. The paper maintains that the interest the Western world has in the Middle East's natural resources generate frustration, fear and poverty, which in turn generates a highly fertile environment for the violence and deliberate aggression of terrorism. The paper shows how U.S. foreign polices have done nothing to reduce the threat of terrorism in the Middle East. The paper asserts that only truly humanitarian efforts can bring about a positive change in the region.
Outline:
Introduction
Thesis
History
Resources
Frustration and Oppression=Terrorism
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The struggles of the Ottoman Empire against the Western world are well documented all the way back through the conflicts with the Roman Empire. Even then the focus was on the resources that the Middle East, such as silk and spices, that were sorely missed in Europe. Not only were the resources a major issue, but the struggle for Christian domination over Islam was a major goal as well. Constant clashes over trade routes and control in then independent countries laid the foundation for centuries of conflict."
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What is Wrong with Gasoline Prices?, 2006.
An in-depth research proposal regarding the price of gas prices and foreign policy.
6,041 words (approx. 24.2 pages), 21 sources, APA, AU$ 232.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the price of gasoline and how we need to increase gasoline prices to prevent all our national policies from being determined by our thirst for oil. According to the paper, US foreign policy has become a hostage to ensuring adequate supplies of imported oil.
Outline:
Context of the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Research and Review of the Problem
Crude Oil Prices and its Impact on Gasoline Prices
Political Impact of Higher Energy Prices
Objective of Study: To Advocate Higher Gasoline Prices Potential Benefits of Higher Energy Prices
Environmental Impact
Global Warming
Significance of the Study
Research Design & Methodology
Discussion
From the Paper
"The carbon dioxide produced by motor gasoline in 2003 was equivalent to 311 million metric tons of carbon [Bureau of Transportation Statistics, 2005]. If we could achieve even 10% improvement in energy efficiency through use of lighter cars, it would save million of tons of oil and also reduce the carbon emission by 30 million tons. The 10% target is not just possible it is very realistic and even now a family car is about 25% more fuel efficient than a light truck (a term also applied to SUVs). The federal corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards set the fuel economy goals for new passenger cars at 27.5 miles per gallon (mpg). The regulations do not classify SUVs as cars but as light trucks. The light trucks only have to achieve 20.7 mpg. Even this is taken as an average of all light trucks and some SUVs operate at 12 mpg and can remain on the road legally. Some SUVs like Ford Excursions don't even qualify as light trucks and are not subject to CAFE standard."
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Illicit Iraqi Oil Contracts, 2007.
This paper discusses the work "Oil for What? Illicit Iraqi Oil Contracts and the UN Security Council" by P. Heaton.
1,483 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 80.95
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Abstract
In this article, Heaton's work, the United Nation's Iraqi Oil-For-Food program and its suspected illicit dealings, are investigated. The writer points out that over a 6 1/2 year period, beginning in 1996, more than 1,300 oil contracts were issued, with the intended purpose of humanitarian relief for the Iraqi people. However, the writer shows that many have questioned whether all of the money transferred during contract issuance through oil extraction went to the humanitarian aid for which it was originally intended. The writer discusses that Heaton looks to answer the economic question of whether or not Saddam Hussein utilized these contracts to line his personal coffers, as well for the purchase of weapons.
From the Paper
"This is an important question that needs to be answered for two reasons. First, the United Nations needs to understand not only where their Oil-For-Food program went right, but also where it went wrong. The idea behind the program is a sound one. It allows the U.N. to economically sanction a country, punishing its leaders, but still be compassionate to the general populace that have little to no choice in their country's matters. However, as this work demonstrates, if there are loopholes in the program, and the details are not sufficiently considered, the punishments, meant by the economic sanctions, will barely be felt by those in power. And, in fact, despite rules to the contrary, sanctioned countries cannot only acquire the hard currency they desire, but also weapons as well, circumventing restrictions. The article implies that Hussein was able to offer oil contracts significantly below market value, in exchange for kickbacks, which were given when the contracts were resold to other individuals or organizations, to actually extract the oil, closer to market price."
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Globalization, 2006.
A review of globalization as a homogenizing process.
4,438 words (approx. 17.8 pages), 22 sources, MLA, AU$ 188.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a review of the relevant literature to identify what forces are driving globalization today. The paper discusses how these forces have affected other countries. The paper further discusses the current and future trends in globalization.
Outline:
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
The Influence of Americanization, McDonaldization and Globalization to Date
Current and Future Trends
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to some analysts, the technological innovations that have emerged in recent years take are largely taken for granted in the West have the potential for affecting the quality of life for billions of people in the emerging nations of the world, but that it is ethnocentric to assume that everyone will want these innovations or that they will have the same effect on all peoples. For example, Choudhury and Cui (2003) point to the increasing globalization of the world's marketplaces wherein more businesses are crossing national boundaries to produce and market their products in other countries. In this regard, Knight and Cavusgil (2004) suggest that the first trend toward the globalization of the world's markets has been a process that involves countless enterprises in international sourcing, production, and marketing as well as the emergence of various cross-border alliances designed to improve product development and distribution. "
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Vietnam and Iraq, 2006.
A comparison between the wars in Vietnam and Iraq.
3,284 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 153.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the differences and similarities between the wars in Vietnam and Iraq. The paper discusses the question of whether or not the US is repeating the mistakes it made with regards to Vietnam, in Iraq.
From the Paper
" For example, those who sought war in Vietnam feared China and Communist rule in the area, and the possibility that Communism in the Vietnam region would create a "domino effect", in terms to spreading Communism to other parts of Asia. In Iraq, America sought to interfere with Muslim-based religious and secular power in the region, and a chance to have a (supposedly) democratizing influence in the region, as well as proximity to and control over Iraqi oil. Today, the historical consensus of why America invaded Vietnam is that when the Communists took over North Vietnam (with backing from (as it was then known) "Red China"), America thought it needed to protect its non-Communist interests, and to help defend non-Communist turf, wherever in the world it was. Such an attitude was probably precipitated by McCarthy era anti-Communist paranoia. However ill-advised the Vietnam war was in hindsight, politicians of the day, Democrats and Republicans alike (Truman; Eisenhower; Kennedy; Johnson; Nixon) believed in the "domino theory": if one non-Communist nation fell, others would follow. "
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The Arab-Israeli Conflict, 2007.
An analysis of the book "Origins and Development of the Arab-Israeli Conflict" by Ann M. Lesch and Dan Tschirgi.
974 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
This book covers the reasons for the Arab-Israeli Conflict and its escalation. The paper describes how the book presents an historical overview of events that all combined to lead up to the conflict. The paper quotes the authors who maintain that European intervention provoked the Muslim world in the late 1700s causing the Muslims to established a long-standing tradition of fighting to hold on to their land and their way of life. The paper notes the professionalism and techniques employed throughout this book. The paper concludes that Israel and the Arab world need to work together for peace, but this book suggests that there may simply be too many barriers in the way of that ever actually occurring.
From the Paper
"Ultimately, the two groups fighting seem to be fighting a no-win war. The text calls this the "zero-sum" approach and notes, "[O]bservers argue that Arabs will never really accept Israel's legitimacy and its permanent presence in the region and that Israelis will never accept the right of the Palestinians to national self-determination and statehood. This view holds that the conflict is zero-sum" (Lesch, and Tschirgi 4). However, others do not hold to this approach and believe that somehow peace can ultimately be achieved in the Middle East. Some cite the American and European involvement in current affairs as adding fuel to the conflict, and others cite how the two nationalist movements are so dissimilar, accord will be extremely difficult to reach and maintain."
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GIS Research Proposal, 2006.
A look at the need for research pertaining to GIS or geographic information system, used for military purposes.
2,853 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 11 sources, MLA, AU$ 136.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses military intelligence. The paper relates military intelligence to the use of the geographic information system or GIS. According to the paper, GIS is a computer system capable of capturing, storing, analyzing and displaying geographically referenced information.
From the Paper
"The next article to consider is GIS or geographic information system. A GIS is a computer system capable of capturing, storing, analyzing, and displaying geographically referenced information; that is, data identified according to location. Practitioners also define a GIS as including the procedures, operating personnel, and spatial data that go into the system (USGS 2006)). GIS is considered a new and trailblazing technological application that aids in "scientific investigation, resource management and development planning. The power of a GIS comes from the ability to relate different information in a spatial context and to reach a conclusion about this relationship. Most of the information we have about our world contains a location reference, placing that information at some point on the globe. This is done by using a location reference system, such as longitude and latitude, and perhaps elevation. (USGS 2006))" For example, if a commander wants to know the trending of movements of a particular insurgent group in Iraq, the intelligence gathered-strength, disposition, mobility and times of activity-can be input in the GIS and with another trend and analysis application, an analysis can be made on where they are going and how soon can they get there."
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Realism and Foreign Policy, 2006.
A discussion regarding US foreign policy in relation to 9/11, Pearl Harbor, the Vietnam War and the Cuban Missile Crisis.
1,758 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the events of September 11th, Pearl Harbor, the Vietnam War and the Cuban Missile Crisis, focusing primarily on American foreign policy related to these events. It discusses how in times of crisis, Americans come together in the common goal of defeating an enemy. It also examines how the tradition of neo-realism has a deep-rooted historical basis in the political philosophy of realism.
From the Paper
"As a theory, national character arguments rely heavily on moralistic arguments-that our way of life is better, morally superior, to other political systems. It "equate[s] the country's national values-individual liberty, religious tolerance, human rights-with universal values" (Hook and Spanier 2004, p.353). This concept of is evident in the language of the 9/11 Commission Report; it devotes an entire chapter (13) to "unity" and different types of unity among Americans and our allies-"unity of effort across the foreign-domestic divide, unity of effort in the intelligence community, unity of effort in sharing information, unity of effort in the Congress." (National Commission, 399-428). This emphasis on "unity" recalls past instances of defending the national character and associates the struggle with terrorism with prior instances of national unity-the Cold War, or Pearl Harbor, for example."
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Mexico, 2006.
A look at Mexico in comparison to the USA.
1,260 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of Mexico. The paper explores the basic demographic information about the nation, economic structure and how this structure compares with that of the United States.
Table of Contents:
Demographics
Governments (Mexico and United States)
Import/Export Laws
Economy (Mexico and the United States)
Hypothetical Situation
Effect of the Situation on the Nation and US Economy
From the Paper
"The United States and Mexico both operate under a democratic government that has an instituted political party system.
Mexico refers to its government is called a federal republic operating under a centralized government. It is interesting to note that the United States has 51 states, and Mexico which is only three times the size of Texas has 31 states(Mexico http://www.kmike.com/country/mxdemog.htm). "
"The legal age of adulthood is 18 in Mexico just as it is in the United States, however drinking in the United States is prohibited until the age of 21, while 18 year olds in Mexico are allowed to purchase and drink alcohol. "
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