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African-American Art, 2009.
A look at how African-American art represents an era of struggle and survival.
1,292 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that for enslaved African-Americans, art became a form of expressionism, hope, history and therapy. The paper discusses the slaves' tools, songs, dances and their stories that all demonstrate how they are survivors. The paper also looks at the literature from this time period, specifically the narrative of Frederick Douglass, that conveys a strong American spirit that refuses to let anyone or anything beat it down.
From the Paper
"Oral traditions go back as far as Africans do. While it might have been frowned upon in America, the tradition can be continued with songs and story telling. These stories and songs became specific to the African-American experience and they tell us so much about the endurance of slaves. Songs were used as tools of education as well as entertainment because reading was discouraged. Songs were not always sad as one might guess. While some songs told tales of agony and oppression, many were songs of hope that obviously lifted the soul in difficult times. We can learn about the tenacity of the human soul thought some of these songs. For example, one song asks, "didn't my Lord deliver Daniel . . . and why not every man." 1 Similar songs of freedom might have been the only hope that slaves could cling to when their lives seemed the darkest. How African-Americans sang is also significant because dance is very much a tradition that lives today."
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"The Autobiography of Malcolm X", 2009.
A review of the book "The Autobiography of Malcolm X" by Alex Haley.
1,609 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses "The Autobiography of Malcolm X", which tells the story of one of the most influential black leaders of the 1960s, Malcolm X, born in Omaha, Nebraska as Malcolm Little. It looks at how the book shows Malcolm X as a real man, with flaws, dreams, and hopes for the future. It also discusses how the book shows that Malcolm X truly hated "white devils," and how it is easy to see why so many people were frightened of him and his messages.
From the Paper
"Haley's and Malcolm X's thesis for writing this book is quite simple. Haley wanted to share Malcolm's life in largely his own words, so blacks and whites would understand a little more about this man who made such a difference in many people's lives, and inspired fear and misunderstanding in so many whites. In Haley's Epilogue to Malcolm's story, he writes of trying to convince Malcolm to tell his story. Finally, Malcolm agrees. Haley writes, "He said, 'I agree. I think my life story may help people to appreciate better how Mr. Muhammad salvages black people. But I don't want my motives for this misinterpreted by anybody - the Nation of Islam must get every penny that might come to me'" (Haley 386). Clearly, this is the thesis of this work, and this represents the popularity of the work, as well. First published in 1965, it is still popular and studied today, indicating just how far-reaching Malcolm X's life truly was."
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Lewis Nordan's "Wolf Whistle", 2009.
An analysis of Lewis Nordan's treatment of the murder of Emmett Till in Nordan's work, "Wolf Whistle".
2,125 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 86.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how Lewis Nordan's story, "Wolf Whistle", is far from being a mere historical description. The paper identifies the narrative devices that Nordan utilizes to pinpoint the tensions behind the actual historical conflicts and shows how Nordan's narrative, therefore, is not only a historical account but a recreation of the past, which helps to shed light and meaning on the real events.
From the Paper
"Lewis Nordan's Wolf Whistle is probably the best known fictional account of the murder of Emmett Till for racist reasons in 1955. Although Nordan does preserve the main lines of the true history in his book, the story is far from being a mere historical description. Wolf Whistle is not, as one would expect, a grave story that chills through its realism. Instead, Nordan employs a widely-used postcolonial style, in which historical facts, magical realism and a very rich symbolism blend effectively. Naturally, these story-telling techniques help to create a complex reality that manages to rewrite history in a meaningful way by pinpointing the tensions behind the actual historical conflicts."
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Black Feminist Movement, 2009.
An in-depth exploration of black feminism and its achievements since the 1970s.
3,765 words (approx. 15.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 134.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the early black rap music and the literature of African-American women such as Maya Angelou that sheds light on the sacrifices and plight of the black woman since emancipation. The paper attempts to determine the feminist movement's gains, if any, since the 1970s. The paper discusses the heightened awareness of the problems surrounding the absent father in black families and the rejection of black women by black men. The paper concludes that voices need to be heard, but we need contemporary figures to emerge as role models and effectors of change in bringing about a new opportunity for black mothers and their children.
From the Paper
"While the feminist movement in the mid to late 19th century helped women gain certain milestones in women's rights, the movement largely left behind black women. Emerging from historical slavery, the American black woman had a double whammy dealt her; she was a woman, and she was black. A black woman experienced discrimination on both fronts, but add to this, too, a third front; she was discriminated against by her own race, by black men. It is only in recent time, since the 1970s that black feminism has experienced a compelling kind of progress that has given black women a momentum with which to break free of the chains of historical slavery, the binding restrictions of gender, and, more recently, the slave mentality with which they were perceived by black men within their communities. It was the latter that has perhaps been the most difficult for black women to move past, and the civil rights movement of the late 1960s and early 1970s helped progress black women to the point where, today, they have finally begun to experience physical, social and political freedoms by which to prosper."
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The 2008 Primary Presidential Election, 2009.
Examines how race and gender played a role in the 2008 primary presidential elections.
1,505 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the inclusion of African-American Barack Obama and a woman in the person of Hilary Clinton in the 2008 primary presidential elections underscored the issues of race and gender in the history of the United States. Next, the author relates that Barack Obama directly addressed the race issue through his speeches by invoking that the Americans must deal immediately with the divisions in the society. In addition, the paper discusses Republican candidate John McCain, a traditional white person from Arizona, and the issue of his age.
From the Paper
"At the same time, the race, which goes on between Barack Obama and John McCain, reveals the attempt to consider the American society a neutral color blind society. Barack Obama is not only an African American but also his origins are different from the traditional presidential campaign. More precisely, he was born in Hawaii and his father was an African who won a scholarship to study in the United States."
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"The Coming Race War in America: A Wake Up Call", 2009.
A book review of "The Coming Race War in America: A Wake Up Call" by Carl T. Rowan.
1,242 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews Carl T. Rowan's "The Coming Race War in America: A Wake Up Call", a book on race issues in the United States. The paper summarizes Rowan's main points in the book - that the lack of morality and the lack of caring about one's fellow man causes the decline of America and the racism that African Americans have to endure. The author critiques that Rowan seems somewhat biased in his view point and the book is seemingly repetitive without making much of a contribution to the society.
From the Paper
"In my own life, there is also not much that I can do to use anything from this book. It was interesting from the standpoint that I was amazed at how angry Rowan seemed through most of it. I was surprised that it was published because it seemed like a rant. I am not at all prejudiced against any race, but I did feel that Rowan was only hurting his cause by many of his words. He seemed too harsh and too willing to place blame based on race. None of that will solve the problems that have been seen throughout this country since the times of slavery. I did not think that the book was very interesting strictly from the standpoint of having valuable information, though, because there was really nothing new in it. Rowan did not present real, important, factual issues with suggested solutions that had merit. That would have been a much more interesting and valuable contribution to race relations."
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Black Studies, 2009.
Discusses the grandparent's role in passing on cultural and socialization skills to grandchildren, focusing on the African-American household.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the topic of socialization of grandchildren. Specifically, the paper responds to the article "Socialization of Grandchildren" and focuses primarily on how African Americans tend to use traditional proverbs to enhance the passing on of cultural and social values from one generation to the next. The paper concludes that grandparents are essential in the passing of cultural and socialization skills and education, and this is especially true in African American households. The use of proverbs to achieve these goals is a long-standing African-American tradition, and many other Americans would do well to put this practice into use with their own children and grandchildren.
From the Paper
"This indicates a strong sense of family and history, again, much more so than many other ethnic groups, and this may explain the close-knit family structure of many African American families, and their strong sense of unity among the family. African American families are close through many generations and branches of the family tree, often more so than other ethnic and social groups and the proverbs these families share seems to be the twine that binds them together and makes them strong."
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"The Village Talks", 2009.
A summary and analysis if the article, "The Village Talks: Racial Socialization of Our Children." by Harriette Pipes McAdoo.
1,247 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the topic of socialization of children and specifically responds to the article "The Village Talks: Racial Socialization of Our Children." by Harriette Pipes McAdoo. In addition, this paper also discusses the socialization of black children by their families, and indicates how this socialization affects children throughout their lives. The premise of this paper is the oft-quoted comment that it "takes a village" to raise a child, and it investigates parenting techniques of African- American parents, their hopes for their children, and the context of slavery and discrimination that still shrouds these people.
From the Paper
"However, the author makes it quite clear that while Black Americans may share some commonalities with immigrants, they share one enduring dissimilarity, their legacy of enslavement. This clouds the history of Blacks, and still helps shape Black American families today, leaving many Blacks in an inferior position in American society even today. More blacks suffer from poverty, poor education, and lack of opportunities than whites in this country, and the layering of society tend to create a "glass ceiling" that many Blacks cannot break through to reach the next layer of society and societal benefits."
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"Letter from Birmingham Jail", 2009.
A grammatical analysis of "Letter from Birmingham Jail" by Martin Luther King Jr.
4,669 words (approx. 18.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 156.95
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Abstract
The paper focuses on the grammatical syntax used in "Letter from Birmingham Jail" as well as the themes and tones of nonviolent resistance. The paper attempts to show how this text develops a strong sense of action juxtaposed against a much more passive tone of non-violence and humility. The paper therefore illustrates the multidimensional layer of Martin Luther King Jr.'s non aggressive message of resistance.
From the Paper
"Martin Luther King Jr. was a very educated man whose passions shine through his prose. Analyzing his words through a grammatical standpoint not only allows us to gain insight on his genius, but also how the intricate complications of the English grammar works in eloquent every day speech. This analysis from a chunk of Dr. King Jr. will explore both the grammatical syntax used in the text, as well as the themes and tones of nonviolent resistance within the context of each sentence. In the progression of the passage, King Jr. moves from an active to passive voice based on his propelling his vision and descriptions of non violent aggression, which is in itself passive yet still active. His relations with the established norm represent a passive voice, while his plans of action in response to that established norm takes on a past tense active voice."
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Abraham Lincoln as Emancipator, 2009.
A look at what influenced Abraham Lincoln's beliefs about slavery.
2,004 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 82.95
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Abstract
The paper shows how the political background of Abraham Lincoln's activity contributed to the formation of his beliefs on slavery. The paper discusses the two elements of Lincoln's discussions on slavery, namely the political discussions with the Democrats and the moral issues. The paper shows how, although at times he reduced his enthusiasm for the emancipation of the black people, he introduced the element of morality related to slavery. The paper then shows how after the Civil War he came to acknowledge the role slaves must have in healing the wounds of the new nation.
From the Paper
"The issue of slavery represented one of the most important factors which shaped the history of the US and especially the way in which it came to develop. It was seen for many decades as a subject for social upheaval, political debate, and most importantly a matter of human rights. However, regardless of the historical nature of the issues discussed in these debates, there are certain personalities which influenced, in a positive or negative way, the entire debate. In the case of slavery, one such personality was Abraham Lincoln one of the most important personalities of the country and at the same time an essential part in the debates on slavery. Although his name is often related to the Emancipation Proclamation or to his debates with Stephen Douglas, his beliefs on the issue of slavery stand above these acts or events."
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Frederick Douglas' Literacy Skills, 2009.
This paper demonstrates how literacy has been used to subjugate certain social classes, specifically the Blacks, throughout the history of America.
3,853 words (approx. 15.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 136.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the major theories of literacy to support the thesis that literacy can be used as a tool to separate and subjugate lower social classes of society. The paper focuses on the story of Frederick Douglas and explains how he learned to read and write. The paper explains how blacks were intentionally denied the tools of literacy that they needed to break free of the stereotypes and social status of inferiority. The paper concludes that Douglas' work is a culturally relevant way of writing history that provides us with a deeper understanding of what it meant to be a slave in early America.
Outline:
Douglas and the Slave's Perspective
Defining the Strategies that Douglas used to Read and Write
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Theories differ on how people learn to read and write. The connection between reading and writing is one of the most debated topics in literary circles. However, the debate over this topic pales to the debate over the relationship between culture and literacy. Major theorists are divided into two groups of thought on this topic. The first argues that literacy is necessary for the advancement of culture and society. The other argues that literacy is independent of society and that they have little influence on each other."
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The Music and Mastery of James Brown, 2009.
This paper discusses the musical mastery of the work of the legend James Brown.
1,059 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 48.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that James Brown was a musical pioneer and the timelessness of his music demonstrates that he will be an icon forever. The writer maintains that it is Brown's unique style of music, singing, and dancing that have earned him the popularity that still lives on today. The writer discusses that Brown personified soul and then he introduced it to funk. His screams, moves on stage, and excited nature display musical genius at work. THe writer points out that from his struggle out of poverty to his fame late in life, Brown never compromised what he believed in. The writer concludes that Brown overcame personal difficulties and will be remembered as an influential musician that helped mold the funky sound of soul.
From the Paper
"Brown's career experiences a rebirth in the 1980s with the hit song "Living in America." This song represents how Brown never lost popularity as this song can be identified by anyone of almost any age. The lyrics in this song are profoundly American and represent patriotism similar to that which Bruce Springsteen and Lee Greenwood have enjoyed. "Living in America" also illustrates how Brown never lost his individuality. Traditional horn sections are still present along with a funky beat that resonates from his earlier tunes.
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Black Preaching, 2009.
An examination of the components, techniques and aims of Black preaching.
4,012 words (approx. 16.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 140.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Black preaching and how it is viewed by the preacher himself and the audience. It discusses the even components that the Black preacher uses in order to affect his or her goals of feeding God's people. It also looks at a variety of techniques that the Black preacher uses to rouse his or her audience to passion and then looks at parallelism in Black sermons.
From the Paper
"Responses by the audience are keyed by the preacher, who uses a theme, easily repeated, which the audience can use as a response at the proper time, to a cue. Alexander gives a good example in the Rev. W.C. Thomas, Jr.'s sermon on "I'm into something and I can't shake loose." He or she describes how, during the sermon the audience is prompted to say the phrase that is the title of the sermon as the preacher discusses addiction to drugs, to alcohol and prostitution. Toward the end of the sermon, he or she has a rant about a person's desires, with the word "but" reminding the audience of the barriers to gaining them, and ties it into the reason at the end of the rant with "they're into something and they can't shake loose" which the audience happily joins him or her in saying. This complex configuration of the sermon denotes a real genius on the part of the deliverer and his or her knowledge of how an audience can be a part of and enhance the strength of the message (Alexander para. 40)."
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"Harriet Tubman: The Moses of Her People", 2009.
The paper is a review of the book by Sarah Bradford, "Harriet Tubman: The Moses of Her People."
1,010 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 46.95
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Abstract
Harriet Tubman was born into slavery in 1820. She became famous after escaping from slavery and organizing the escape of over 300 slaves for which she gained her nickname of "Moses". This paper, reviews the book, "Harriet Tubman: The Moses of Her People." by Sarah Bradford, which was written soon after Tubman's death in 1913. The paper discusses Bradford's telling of Tubman's life and the language Bradford uses in the narrative which, in the opinion off the paper's author, indicates an ideological bias. The paper concludes that the book is an important work, as it provides clues why apparently well-meaning and respectful and respectable whites like Bradford failed to fight hard for African-American rights in the ensuing decades after the Civil War.
From the Paper
"Bradford narrates Tubman's story from when Tubman was a child, including the blow Tubman received as a young woman at the hands of a cruel overseer, some of Tubman's adventures grappling with the bitter environmental conditions of her escape, narrowly evading capture at every turn, and Tubman's religious faith. But Bradford was a white woman very much of 'her time' in terms of her attitudes towards race, and occasionally in her zeal to stress Tubman's unique capabilities, she seems to unintentionally fall into the trap of stereotyping Tubman's fellow slaves. This is bitterly ironic, given that Tubman still strove to uplift her people. Consider this comment about the young Tubman, recovering after the blow she sustained to her head: "The sun shone on, and Harriet still slept seated on the fence rail. They, those others, had no anxious dreams of the future, and even the occasional sufferings of the present time caused them but a temporary grief. Plenty to eat, and warm sunshine to bask in, were enough to constitute their happiness; Harriet, however, was not one of these. God had a great work for her to do in the world, and the discipline and hardship through which she passed in her early years, were only preparing her for her after life of adventure and trial; and through these to come out as the Savior and Deliverer of her people, when she came to years of womanhood." However, Bradford does detail the physical horrors of slavery, the unremitting toil, and the toll it takes upon the body and mind for all slaves, not just Tubman, as well as Tubman's fortitude in resisting them."
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Inequality in Healthcare in the US, 2009.
An examination of the inequality that exists in the United States today, particularly in the realm of healthcare.
2,111 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the unequal relationship between Blacks and Whites that exists in America today. The paper argues that African Americans are the victims of economic and social disadvantage and sometimes outright prejudice, which manifests partly in their struggle against unequal power relations and their fight for the healthcare that they deserve. The paper focuses on this inequality in healthcare.
From the Paper
"The African-American family is struggling to survive, and the healthcare professionals that are charged with trying to save it, do little to help, and much that contributes to its decline. People in the lowest income households are six times as likely as others to have difficulty in meeting a basic need, while one-third of all African-American families versus only seventeen percent of Whites face these difficulties (Casper & King, 2004, p. 73). The social breakdown and economic disadvantage of African-American families is creating a healthcare epidemic that is scarcely challenged by current programs."
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Race Relations and Friendships, 2009.
A discussion of the race relations in "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe and "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" by Mark Twain.
972 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at how "Uncle Tom's Cabin" by Harriet Beecher Stowe and "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" by Mark Twain demonstrate how different races can get along if they overlook their national identity and look at people as individuals. The paper shows how both authors use the innocence of children to demonstrate the true nature of mankind when he is not influenced by the opinions of others or by social norms. The paper also points out the lesson in both works that genuine friendship cannot be bound by any limitations.
From the Paper
"Race relations are approached by many writers and are seen from many different viewpoints but some of the most poignant relationships are formed from the most unlikely characters. Two stories that illustrate this point are Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain. Both stories demonstrate that different races can get along if they choose to overlook their national identity and look only at people as individuals. These stories become more powerful when each author utilizes the innocence of children as a motivating tool in each tale. Through the eyes of children, Stowe and Twain demonstrate the true nature of mankind when he is not influence by the opinions of others or by social norms. Friendship can be achieved in the most unusual of ways and when we allow ourselves to enjoy it, it can be most beneficial to us - regardless of one's age, race, or sex."
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