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Ontario Air Pollution, 2008.
A study on the economic impact of air pollution on Ontario.
1,410 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper states that there is no doubt that air pollution has an adverse impact on Ontario's economy with the most marked effect being on health care and lost time from work stemming from air pollution caused illness for both the ill person and the caregivers. The author points out that air pollution puts an added demand on Ontario's health care providers, which are already overburdened. The paper relates that the consequence is that the Ontarian taxpayer is paying more tax dollars to support this growing health care problem. The author also explores potential solutions to the problem.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background and the Problem
Economics of Air Pollution
Potential Solutions and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Suzuki Foundation cites thee areas in which the government could have an impact on reducing air pollution: Tax shifting by taxing air polluters extra and adopting tax breaks for environmentally friendly practices; eliminating perverse subsidies as described above; and increasing investment in the environment to drive down the cost of energy renewable resources such as solar and wind power.
"However, our research shows that governmental intervention by the Canadians or Ontarians cannot solely solve the problem."
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Ethanol vs. Petroleum, 2008.
This paper explores the pros and cons of ethanol as a substitute for petroleum.
1,167 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 65.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the limitations and disadvantages of using petroleum and discusses the interest of American consumers in switching to automobiles powered by ethanol. The paper also looks at the position of the government and oil companies and looks at the subgroups of consumers and framers who would be the most affected. In addition, the paper discusses the drawbacks of using ethanol but concludes with a personal position that supports ethanol as a long-tern alternative.
Outline:
Problems with Petroleum
Existing Market for Petroleum and Ethanol
Causes in Market Shifts
Response of Companies and the Government
Subgroups Affected
Conclusions of Experts
My Personal Position
From the Paper
"Not only is petroleum a depleting resource, but vehicle emissions running on petroleum have created a pollution problem in the United States and most of the industrialized world. These emissions have increased the green house gases in the earth's atmosphere and in turn have led to global warming. Billionaire businessman Ted Turner has helped bring this issue to the forefront of the energy debate, stating, "'I think dealing with climate change is going to be the biggest single challenge humanity has ever faced, and we're facing it now'" (Dittrick, 2007, p. 26)."
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Banning Plastic Grocery Bags, 2008.
A persuasive essay on the need to replace plastic bags with compostable or paper bags.
959 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at San Francisco's decision to ban plastic bags in grocery stores and points out that other cities may soon follow San Francisco's example. The paper then explains why banning plastic bags may not be the ideal option and discusses how stores could replace plastic bags with compostable or paper bags.
Outline:
Consider the Facts about Plastic Grocery Bags
Why Banning Plastic Bags Is Wrong
What Happens If Plastic Bags Are Not Banned
Action to Solve the Problem of Plastic Bags
From the Paper
"Imagine the number of plastic bags used throughout the United States. Charlie Goodyear (2007) for the Chronicle states that it takes over 400,000 gallons of oil to manufacture 100 million bags. San Francisco voted ten to one that plastic bags used at grocery stores be banned. While San Francisco is the first state to ban plastic bags, more cities may follow their example. Consider the facts about plastic bans, compare the facts about compostable bags and paper bags, and decide to take immediate action about these plastic bags. "
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Climate Change, 2008.
This paper provides an analysis of implications of the change in climate.
1,300 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 70.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that it is deeply disturbing that the greenhouse gases currently being added to the atmosphere at such an alarming rate are predicted to increase average global surface temperatures by several degrees Celsius, a change that is larger than the natural variation occurring over the past fifteen-thousand years. The writer maintains that in order to avoid catastrophic climate change, it is incumbent upon humanity to place morality and environmental ethics above economics. The writer argues that the only practical means of achieving control over industrial or commercial practices which harm the environment is for national governments around the world to take the responsibility for providing effective environmental protection standards and then to strictly enforce those standards, even when it involves negative economic consequences.
From the Paper
"National governments, or some international environmental authority, must be given the power and mandate to protect the earth from any form of industrial, commercial, or economic development actions which contribute to negative rates of global climate change.
"This can be accomplished in a responsible manner, without incurring severe economic hardship on any particular industry if sufficient studies are conducted in regard to the likely economic impacts of environmental legislation prior to implementation and enforcement. We are altering the climate of the planet, and that the greatest care must be taken to ensure that we are not causing irreversible damage to the environment. If this means choosing caution and greater environmental protection legislation at the expense of economic growth then so be it. A poisoned planet will benefit no one."
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CANADA - The Niagara Escarpment Plan, 2008.
An outline of the requirements and forward plans necessary to protect the natural environment in Canada's Ontario District.
845 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 49.95
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Abstract
The papers discusses Canada's environmental land use plan known as the Niagara Escarpment biosphere reserve and details the seven designated areas in the plan. The paper continues with the plans and objectives to be achieved for these particular areas and addresses the necessity for protecting the environment and agricultural areas.
From the Paper
"The core and buffer areas cover 92 percent of the area, and the transition areas are where more intense development is allowed for another 8 percent of the area. The objectives of the Plan are noted in the legislation passed to facilitate it:
(a) to protect unique ecologic and historic areas;
(b) to maintain and enhance the quality and character of natural streams and water supplies;
(c) to provide opportunities for outdoor recreation;
(d) to maintain and enhance the open landscape, allowing for compatible farming or forestry and for preserving the natural scenery;
(e) to make all new development compatible with the purpose of this Act;
(f) to provide for adequate public access to the Niagara Escarpment; and
(g) to support municipalities within the Niagara Escarpment Planning Area as they exercise their planning functions as conferred upon them by the Planning Act. "
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Book Review - "Planet of Slums.", 2008.
A book review of "Planet of Slums" by Mike Davis.
1,979 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 101.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the book by Mike Davis entitled "Planet of Slums" which critics describe as "groundbreaking, mind-stretching stuff." The writer describes Davis as a "social geographer", provides an in-depth account of the book and, while admitting that it could be depressing for some to read, recommends it highly.
From the Paper
"The hard cover copy of Planet of Slums that I reviewed is a compact, well-written 228 pages of academic argument. Unlike all too many treatises in this genre, the reader is not left to drown in jargon - Davis writes in a style that is accessible to most people, not just to subject specialists. This is appropriate, as he clearly means to speak to the everyman (or everywoman). This book appears intended to warn anyone who will listen of the unpleasant fate we are heading towards at unprecedented speed - a future in which most of the planet is swallowed by ever-spreading slums, and the majority of human beings are fated to live in festering squalor, rather than in the brave new world previously envisaged by more optimistic prophets. In Davis's words:"
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Global Warming, 2008.
A look at some of the issues involved in the global warming debate.
1,086 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the argument over global warming is far from settled, though the scientific consensus is clearly that global warming is a reality, that a contributory element is the burning of fossil fuels and other human activities, and that a point may be reached in a relatively short time beyond which corrective action will not be effective. The paper also looks at how critics of the theory challenge all of these elements, often denying that global warming is taking place at all, or denying that human activity could have any such effect on the weather worldwide. In addition, the paper discusses how those who support the theory want action taken to reduce the burning of fossil fuels and to try to reverse the damage that has already been done, while many critics believe that this is only a political issue and that taking action will harm the economy without producing anything worthwhile.
From the Paper
"Baird (2005) notes the course of the discussion on the issue and states that global warming is real and that it is progressive and gradual. The temperature of the earth has increased by one degree Fahrenheit in the past century, with the pace accelerating during the last two decades. Baird also stats that this warming cannot be explained without considering the action of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. These gases trap heat near the surface of the earth and increase the temperature. The source of these gases is clear, given that our factories, power plants and automobiles burn coal and gasoline to produce millions of tons of carbon dioxide that is emitted into the atmosphere. "
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Organic Farming: Advantages and Disadvantages, 2008.
An analysis of whether organic farming is a viable and ecologically beneficial method of food production.
1,410 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the debate over organic farming and discusses the advantages and disadvantages that are associated with it. The paper specifically focuses on whether organic farming is a viable and ecologically beneficial method of food production and looks at whether the method should be improved and expanded on over the coming years.
From the Paper
"In conclusion, organic farming has been proven to be a viable and ecologically beneficial method of food production and should be improved and expanded over the coming years. Improving and expanding organic farming is becoming increasingly necessary because food contamination, pollution, biodiversity declines, and deteriorating working conditions for farmers demonstrate that the world must develop a much more sustainable approach to agriculture.
"Critics claim that organic farming is not viable, primarily because it reduces crop yields and is inefficient in a variety of ways. But fallacious logic can be seen in many of their arguments, for study after study has shown that organic farming actually increases crop yields. This evidence refutes the primary argument of critics, many of whom are not objective anyway because they are affiliated with agribusiness conglomerates which profit from conventional farming and which are opposing organic farming simply because it reduces their business profits."
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The Jane and Finch Community, 2008.
A report on the Jane and Finch area of Toronto, its economic status, nursing situation, and services to its peoples.
1,030 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the health services and social activities that are necessary for the Jane and Finch area of Toronto. The paper further describes the various social groups and different class levels that populate the area and the differant requirements that must be instituted to create a viable social group. Additionally, the social problems that constitute such a community of this social level are addressed in full.
From the Paper
"The Project Y.O.U Advisory Committee will provide service to 20 youth ages 13 to 20 years in the Jane/ Finch neighborhood. The project will train youth as peer mentors in designing and delivering drug awareness workshops to middle school students and to train youth in job readiness. The project will also facilitate youth co-op partnership with local businesses for placement and a summer camp component to service children and youth ages 5 to 15 years old. The project outcome is to enhance youth self-esteem, leadership skills and community cohesion
Being a nurse in this community means having a large number of opportunities to make a difference and to serve different groups, but it also requires learning how to serve the needs of the different groups and how to communicate with people with different ethnic background and perhaps different first languages."
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Scarce Resources in China - The Problem of Falling Groundwater, 2008.
An analysis of the economic and environmental problems facing China with a focus on water resources, agriculture and social policies.
927 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 52.95
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Abstract
This essay looks at one of the more urgent problems in China - that of falling groundwater and scarce freshwater resources. It considers not only issues around agriculture, environmental degradation and forced relocation, but also the different effects that large-scale social policies have on men and women alike.
From the Paper
"In recent years, surface water supplies for agriculture have been taken away from food production and given over to the manufacturing industry instead. This is in keeping with the government's push for heavy industrialization and economic growth. Unfortunately this decision has pushed farmers into an even more desperate position, leaving them with a still greater reliance upon groundwater for crop irrigation. By the end of 1997 North China had 2.6 million wells, and another 221,900 were drilled that very same year (Brown 2000). As a direct result of this excessive drilling, the water table has fallen 42 meters in the past three decades. What little water that does remain is under double assault: as farmers suck dry the lower aquifer, the upper limits are polluted by industrial waste. The situation is now critical in Beijing, where new wells must reach a depth of 1,000 metres to access fresh water (Brown 2000). "
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Privatization of Water, 2008.
Compares and contrasts two articles on the privatization of water: Water Is a Human Right" by the Council of Canadians' Blue Planet Project and Joshua Ortega's "Water Wars: Bottling up the World's Supply of H2O".
1,058 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer looks at the articles "Water Is a Human Right" by the Council of Canadians' Blue Planet Project and "Water Wars: Bottling up the World's Supply of H2O" by Joshua Ortega. The writer notes that the two articles share a common theme: that the privatization of drinking water resources is harmful and dangerous. The writer discusses that authors differ, however in how they appeal to readers, the techniques employed to create common ground with their audience, the political/economic philosophy employed and solutions suggested.
From the Paper
"Ortega also uses an analogy between the oil crisis and an impending water crisis. He attempts to frighten readers that future wars over water will be far worse than today's over oil. He refers to the scandal-ridden former energy corporation Enron several times. Neither author acknowledges opposing points of view. It could be suggested that governments can regulate privatized water companies or that competition among such companies could lead to more and cheaper water - the idea behind free market capitalism.
"The authors differ in the techniques used to promote reader action. Ortega suggests a set of primarily feel good options for American consumers - all within the context of America's democratic process. The C.C. speaks to what organizations can achieve than what individuals can do."
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"An Inconvenient Truth", 2008.
This paper discusses the documentary film "An Inconvenient Truth," presented by Al Gore.
2,030 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 104.95
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Abstract
The paper is of the opinion that "An Inconvenient Truth" is an excellent film, primarily because it manages to get its message across. The paper relates the main message of the movie, that global warming is real, that humans play a significant role and if we continue to neglect what is happening, the future could bring catastrophe on a global scale. The paper discusses how and why global warming has become a political issue.
From the Paper
"The film chosen for the analysis is "An Inconvenient Truth". This is a documentary film made in 2006, directed by Davis Guggenheim and presented by Al Gore, the former Vice-President of USA and a US presidential Candidate. The film deals about global warming and climate change and it presents and explains to the public a crisis that impacts and will impact us all. This film, although not a Canadian production, was chosen for several reasons. First climate change and global warming is a global issue, affecting all people on Earth, regardless of their nationality, religion or social status. It is also a Canadian issue because Canada is a part of this global community but it also a Canadian issue because of very specific environment in the north of this country."
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Environmental Articles on Climate, 2008.
Compares two environmental articles about climate: A. Simms' "Why Do We Owe So Much to Victims of Disaster?" and R. Gelbspan's "Boiling Point: Nature Doesn't Compromise on Global Climate Change; Activists Must Not Either".
985 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that A. Simms in his article "Why Do We Owe So Much to Victims of Disaster?" discusses how society is living way beyond its means in relation to climate. The author then relates that R. Gelbspan elucidates in his article "Boiling Point: Nature Doesn't Compromise on Global Climate Change; Activists Must Not Either" how weather or climate is the premier issue since it threatens all of humanity. The paper evaluates the articles on moral, imaginative and emotional criteria. The author concludes that both articles were not filled with jargon which made them informative and powerful.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Moral
Imaginative
Emotional
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Gelbspan does not bring the issue of global warming to such a personal level. With Simms, I feel as though he is sitting with me at my kitchen counter helping me balance my check book and showing me that I am in debt to climate just like I am to my credit cards. Although Gelbspan is a more logical article and the rationale is more intellectual the message is still the same as with Simms--the feeling just isn't the same. Gelbspan's passion and imagination come from his bashing of the American people and their representatives."
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Nation States Vs. Transnational Corporations, 2008.
This paper explores whether the nation state is still the most powerful actor in global politics.
2,985 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 13 sources, MLA, AU$ 143.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that some nation states are still the most powerful actors in global politics, although the prodigious growth of transnational corporations (TNCs) are eroding the power and sovereignty of many of the less developed nation states. The paper utilizes the USA as an example of a state that remains a powerful actor. The paper concludes, however, that given the powerful economic forces that seem to be moulding current events, it is possible that this will not last forever.
From the Paper
"The question of who holds the power in global politics is clearly of pressing interest and concern, as it is the holders of power who will decide the future of our planet. For example, to take the most obvious and pressing current problem: who will decide what our actions should be on global warming? Will it be democratically elected governments of nation states, who have a mandate to protect the best interests of all their citizens? Or will it be TNCs, which have only one mandate - that is, to make as much money as possible? If it is the latter, then our world is in serious trouble, because the best interests of profiteering and the best interests of our planet's ecology are directly at odds with one another. One cannot prosper without the other suffering, and vice versa - at least, not with our existing technologies (Ellwood)."
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Global Warming, 2008.
This paper discusses the impact and causes of global warming, concentrating on the greenhouse effect.
1,123 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 62.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that global warming is an issue that has been occupying Canadian as well as global headlines recently. The writer points out that although the severity of the problem has been recognized for quite some time, global warming has only recently become a 'mainstream' issue amongst Canadians and public interest in putting pressure on the governments of the world, to take action. The writer then discusses that this is a complex and all consuming task that requires extensive commitment and cooperation not just of governments, but also of industries of the world. The writer maintains that the main obstacle cited to pursuing the reduction of the greenhouse gases is the fear that it will negatively impact the economy and cut jobs. The writer concludes that many scientists, including David Suzuki and the United Nations IPCC, believe that any further increase in greenhouse emissions will devastate economies in the long run and keeping greenhouse emissions near current levels would cost only a very small fraction of the world's economic output.
Outline:
Introduction
What is the Greenhouse Effect?
What is Global Warming?
The Effects of Global Warming and Global Climate Change
From the Paper
"The Sun provides earth with great amounts of energy, of which about half is reflected or absorbed by the atmosphere. Ultraviolet light is absorbed by the ozone layer, while infrared (heat energy) is absorbed by the CO2 and water in the atmosphere. The energy absorbed by the earth surface is reradiated back into space. However, while most of the solar energy reaching the earth is visible light, the energy reemitted by the Earth is mainly infrared. This infrared energy is absorbed by the CO2 and water in the lower levels of the Earth's atmosphere. Because of this naturally occurring effect, the Earth's surface temperature is such that the planet is capable of sustaining life. This phenomenon is called the 'greenhouse' effect."
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Criminal Justice: White-Collar Crime, 2008.
An overview of various types of white-collar crime.
2,445 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 11 sources, APA, AU$ 120.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses issues of white-collar crime: waste in the oil industry, the U.S. government sabotaging the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), corporate fraud and the sentencing of white-collar criminals.
Table of Contents:
Focus on the Waste Oil Industry
The U.S. Government Sabotaging OSHA
Investigation and Effects of Corporate Fraud
Sentences for White-Collar Criminals
From the Paper
"The number of victims, including crimes with high shareholder losses, is closely related to how offenders are sentenced; perceived intent and responsibility of shareholders frequently plays out dramatically in the media. Media attention may be the cause or the result of stricter punishments for crimes with multiple victims. Despite a few of these high profile cases, including large media frenzies like Enron, white-colar crime is Weissmann and Block (2007) report found that the average federal sentence for fraud in 2005 was a relatively slim 23.6 months in prison."
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