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The Early Intervention Model, 2007.
An analysis of the effectiveness of the extension of the early intervention model.
4,065 words (approx. 16.3 pages), 27 sources, MLA, AU$ 177.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes a study to investigate the relationship between the student motivations towards reading and its impact on reading achievement. The theoretical framework is obtained from the early intervention model of situational-motivation developed by Paris and Turner (1994).
Outline:
Abstract
Background to the Research
Purpose of the Research
Rationale for the Research
Theoretical Background
Hypotheses
Definition of Research Variables-Operational Definitions
Methodology
Participants
Recruitment Strategy (Sampling Unit)
Sampling Frame
Method of Selecting the Sample Elements
Data Collection
Trustworthiness (Credibility and Rigor) of Results
Delimitations
Ethical Issues
Data Analysis
From the Paper
"Early Intervention (EI) was launched in the 1970's and since then it has evolved immensely and at present EI practitioners need to be specialists and licensed. A number of research studies have been carried out since the 1970's that address students in primary grades (Bricker & Widerstrom, 1996; Greeno, Collins, & Resnick, 1996; Klein & Gilkerson, 2000; Miller & Stayton, 2000; Pajak, 2001; Stayton, Miller, & Dinnebeil, 2003; Winton, McCollum, & Catlett, 1997). For instance, Klein & Gilkerson (2000) in their research conclude that the specialist interventionists are the key in Early Intervention Programs. Similarly, Greeno, Collins, & Resnick (1996) give emphasis to on-field experiences for practitioners. It is important to note that majority of the studies talk about importance of individual homework before, during and after intervention of students in primary grades."
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Teaching Philosophy, 2007.
This paper discusses the beliefs of William James, Blaise Pascal and Immanuel Kant on the means and methods of teaching.
950 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 54.95
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Abstract
The paper examines William James' belief that any person can succeed, provided he/she is given the correct opportunities and motivation by a good teacher. The paper then discusses how Blaise Pascal took a less empowering view of the individual's abilities, believing the teacher must provide guidance about the child's natural inclinations and tastes. The paper also looks at how Immanuel Kant focuses on training the mind, attempting to give the student the intellectual tools to reason and learn on his/her own.
From the Paper
"William James' view of the correct means and methods of teaching places a tremendous amount of empowerment in the hands of the student. James' expressed views reflect the American belief that any person can succeed, provided that person is given the correct opportunities and motivation by a good teacher. This is reflected in James' anecdote, chronicled in his Principles of Psychology, of the boy who was prodded to learn to read, because of his natural curiosity about interesting pictures in a book. The boy's father teased his son with the prospect of learning about the pictures, telling the boy he must learn on his own, thus the boy becomes motivated to read because "An artificial and indirect desire" to read had been "grafted on a natural and direct one" to learn about the pictures (James 290-291)."
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Dual Enrollment Programs, 2007.
An in-depth study researching student perceptions of the effectiveness of dual enrollment programs in preparing high school students for academic and personal success at a four-year university.
9,917 words (approx. 39.7 pages), 51 sources, MLA, AU$ 325.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a proposal to research Morgan Community College's dual enrollment program. The research aims to determine whether the students who graduate from this program experience the same level of academic success and satisfaction as those students who graduate from comparable dual enrollment programs.
Outline:
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Review of the Literature
Chapter 3: Methodology
From the Paper
"In recent years some students in high school have been allowed to take college-level courses that count towards their high school diploma and towards an associate degree. Earning college credit while still in high school can afford many students opportunities that are not available to students in traditional settings. For instance, by the time a student graduates from high school, he or she may have earned credits that will transfer and assist in training for the military, jobs, technical schools or college often at a reduced tuition cost or, in some cases, at no cost to the students (Bailey, Hughes, & Karp, 2002; Rajala, 2003)."
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Parents Vs. Environment, 2007.
This paper proposes to explore whether parents or the environment are more influential on the development of a person's behavior.
2,444 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 120.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes whether the parenting style or the environment is more influential in shaping a person's behavior and attitude. The paper presents a study that hypothesizes that the environment is more influential than the parenting style, particularly when a person's behavior, attitude and the overall personality is concerned. The study includes distributing survey questionnaires to sixty carefully selected participants and summarizing, tabulating and analyzing the responses.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Methodology
From the Paper
"Rearing a child presents a number of challenges to the parents. Aside from the tasks attached with nourishing the child with the basic needs such as food, shelter, education and clothing, the parents must also ensure that the child's psychological, intellectual and sociological aspects are also well taken cared of."
"It will be the parents' task to make sure that the child grows and matures properly. It will be the parents' responsibility that the behavior and attitude of the child is 'according' with the norms and traditions dictated by the society. Aside from the parents, there are other factors that can affect the person's behavior, attitude and personality. As the child grows and matures, he/she then faces varied factors that may affect his/her overall well being. These factors may include the parents themselves, the peers and the environment."
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Reason in Education, 2007.
An analysis of reason's role in childhood education and the writer's reactions to the views of Thomas Aquinas and Aristotle.
1,251 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses reason's role in childhood educational development. It particularly focuses on the views expressed by Thomas Aquinas and Aristotle. The paper then describes the writer's reactions to these views. It also looks at the ways in which she, as an assistant in a class for talented and gifted students, has developed her own educational philosophy with regards to reason's role in education.
From the Paper
"My mentors and role models, both from childhood as a young student and from my adult student career, set the stage for my passion for education. Bad teachers as well as good inspired in me the desire to rise to greatness within my chosen profession. As Aristotle notes in the Nichomachean Ethics, we must strive for excellence, for perfection, in all our endeavors. Perfection is crafted by reason, and reason is in turn perfected by practice and honest self-reflection. I have not yet developed a career that would enable me to reflect on my performance has an educator. As a trainee, however, I have strived to exercise all mental and physical faculties "in accordance with excellence or virtue," as Aristotle advises (p. 14). Mundane as my tasks may seem as a teacher-in-training, I imbue them with pride and enthusiasm."
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The NCLB Act and Rural Children, 2007.
A research proposal exploring the impact of the "No Child Left Behind" Act in the rural areas of the U.S.
1,898 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 98.95
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Abstract
The proposed study aims to investigate the results thus far of implementing the "No Child Left Behind" (NCLB) Act in rural schools, especially regarding children with special needs. The study explores whether or not this program is accomplishing the primary purpose of promoting equal educational outcomes for every student, regardless of location.
Outline:
Problem Statement
Purpose Statement
Research Questions
Review of Literature
Methodology
Research Design
From the Paper
"This study has several purposes. First, it will study the impact that the implementation of the NCLB has had on rural schools overall. Some programs seem to be brought into schools without the benefit of prior testing or verification. Second, it will drill down further to see how it is affecting those children who are actually supposed to benefit from this Act. For instance, it may be found that although the program in some U.S. school systems does achieve its intent of eliminating achievement gaps that exist between student groups, other school systems are not appropriate for this educational approach. Third, based on the open-ended responses of the teachers, the study hopes to uncover salient features of schooling that matter in enhancing the teachers' capacity to promote the well-being of their students."
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Special Education, 2007.
An overview of what special education entails, which includes observations of a fourth grade special education class.
954 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, in many schools, there are an increasing number of special needs children which is due to a variety of different reasons including the "No Child Left Behind" program. It also looks at how diagnoses of conditions such as attention deficit disorder, learning disabled, and autism, are more common now and how more children now are able to have extra help. In particular, the writer records his observations of a special education class that had seven children from fourth grade.
From the Paper
"In general, the learning approach is behavioral, because it is very structured. The teacher goes step by step and breaks everything up into small increments. This seems to work well in instruction, as well as keeping the students better focused and interested. It also encourages a give-and-take with the students and teacher. In decreases the level of frustration of seeing a project as too big and overwhelming. Plus, it is not all or nothing. The student may do well with one part and need more help with another. When using this approach over and over again, students know what to expect because lessons are predictable. They can then focus their attention on new material being taught instead of the process, itself."
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Manipulatives, 2007.
This paper researches the use of manipulatives in the field of mathematics.
3,446 words (approx. 13.8 pages), 37 sources, MLA, AU$ 157.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer researches hands-on manipulatives use in mathematics. This work explores the historical perspective, the effects on education and the supporting theories. In addition, the writer looks at what research has been thus far conducted. Finally, this work researches the special benefits of using algebra tiles. The writer maintains that it is significant to note that algebraic functions are mathematical processes involving abstract or symbolic representation. The writer concludes that it is quite difficult for the beginning algebra student to conceptualize the processes and functions of algebra; however, the use of manipulatives has been shown to assist in this area, making their use in algebra instruction particularly effective in classroom instruction.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
What are Math Manipulatives?
Why Use Math Manipulatives?
How Should a Teacher Use Math Munipulatives?
Summary
What
Why
How
From the Paper
"Today's mathematics teacher has many resources that are available in assisting the development of appropriate curricula that meets the content standards of the NCTM. Not only are standard tools available but the Internet also offers several web-based learning activities that assist mathematics learning and instruction. Before this development, the teacher often would contact businesses in the community in order to obtain 'real-world' manipulatives for use in the classroom. The work of Shield holds that web-based tools motivate students in learning mathematics content but also the delivery of the information is interesting to the student."
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Test-Taking Strategies, 2007.
The paper explores test-preparing and test-taking strategies that can assist students in improving their advanced placement (AP) test scores.
4,743 words (approx. 19.0 pages), 47 sources, MLA, AU$ 196.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a brief explanation of AP tests and their influence on education. The paper presents two models of test-taking strategies and one model of both a test-preparation and a test-taking strategy. The paper discusses current literature on the topic and explains the theory of self-regulated learning.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Impact of Advanced Placement Tests on Education
Literature Review
Useful Strategies for Taking Tests
Theories of Self-Regulation
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It is important to note that the main aim and objective of the Advanced Placement (AP) tests is to provide the academically sound and gifted students the prospect to widen their horizons through applying and taking part in courses that are at an advanced college level. These tests are organized as an annual event in May by the Educational Testing Service (ETS). The students who want to add college-level credentials to their extra-curricular academics can appear in May and solve the AP tests which mainly consist of two sections: first, multiple-choice questions and second, a part that is mainly driven by an open or individual outlook of the applicant."
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Watching TV, 2007.
This paper argues that the negative effects of television viewing, especially in children, far outweigh the benefits.
941 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 54.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that statistics on television viewing in the United States indicate that an average American watches more than 4 hours of TV each day. The writer points out that it is obvious that an activity carried on for such long periods would have a profound influence on the person's life and on the society in which he lives. Whether the effect of television viewing is predominantly negative or positive has been a subject of intense debate for a long time and valid arguments can be found on both sides of the fence. The writer concludes that there is an urgent need for parents in particular to establish healthy television viewing habits in their homes, so that excessive TV watching does not replace other important healthy activities necessary for the balanced development of their children.
From the Paper
"Another disturbing and well-researched negative effect of television viewing is the link between violence in television content and aggressive behavior. Research shows that two-thirds of all television programming contains violence, an average hour of TV viewing contains four to five acts of violence, and children's programming , such as cartoons, average 20 to 25 violent acts every hour. If we add all these violent acts together, it would indicate that the average American child has seen 100,000 acts of violence and about 8000 murders on television by the time they leave elementary school. What is worse, many TV shows glamorize violence with violent acts being depicted as a fun and effective way to get what one wants and without consequences. Since most children imitate what they see, watching violent TV programs teaches children that violence is an acceptable way to solve problems in real life. The effect of TV violence does not remain restricted to children: for example, a study that tracked about 700 boys and girls for 17 years also revealed that aggressive behavior induced by watching TV violence at an early age persists well into adulthood. Moreover, repeated and constant exposure to TV violence makes children desensitized to real world violence and the human suffering it causes. It can also traumatize young children as they cannot fully distinguish between fantasy and reality and can come to view the world as a mean and scary place."
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Hands-On Manipulative in School, 2007.
An exploration of the use of the hands-on manipulatives in the middle school math classroom
3,876 words (approx. 15.5 pages), 25 sources, MLA, AU$ 172.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews findings in literature stating that hands-on manipulatives are effective in the middle school mathematics classroom. The paper then reports that the findings are of limitations in the use of manipulatives and, specifically, in the misuse of the manipulatives in the classroom. The paper further emphasizes that teachers must be well-educated and trained in the use of manipulatives, whether concrete material or virtual manipulatives for use on the computer and the Web. The paper concludes that it is clear that the use of manipulatives in mathematical instruction and learning in combination with cooperative learning is the best practice for instructional methods in today's mathematics classroom.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Historical Perspective
Theories
Research Studies
Virtual Manipulatives
Limitations
Static and Dynamic
Algebra Manipulatives
Summary
From the Paper
"The slide-rule is a manipulative that was used in early education in providing students with a hands-on application in mathematics. Hands-on manipulatives such as blocks, rods, bean sticks and other manipulatives have been historically used in the math classroom as an aid in teaching mathematics. The work of Clements (1999) entitled; 'Concrete Manipulatives, Concrete Ideas" published in the Journal of Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood states that: "The notion of 'concrete' from concrete manipulatives to pedagogical sequences such as 'concrete to abstract' is embedded in educational theories, research and practice, especially in mathematics education."
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Counselors and Academic Achievement, 2007.
This paper explores how counselors can contribute to improving the academic achievement in their schools.
1,582 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 83.95
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Abstract
The paper explores several areas in which a school counselor can be effective. This includes monitoring group discussions, working with the parents of the students and tracking test results to be sure that students are placed in proper classes according to their interests and abilities.
Outline:
Resources
Using the Resources
Methods That Can be Used
Addressing Specific Issues
From the Paper
"Many schools including this one, use standardized testing to determine not only what the student has learned in the past, but also to determine what would be an appropriate grade level or class level for them to move to next(Marshall, 2004). For example, a student that consistently places in the 95 percentile or higher on standardized testing in math, would most likely become bored in a standard math class. Therefore, using this resource as one indicator that the student may benefit from advanced placement classes, is one way that the counselor can help improve academic achievement of the students(State, 1999)."
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Autism Case Study, 2007.
A case study analysis of an autistic child within a school setting.
1,485 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the case study of an 11-year-old boy who is in fifth grade and who has a moderate form of autistic disorder. The paper briefly defines autism syndromes and the ways in which they can vary. It then discusses the writer's observations of the child within a classroom setting. The writer discusses ways she would approach the care and teaching of this particular child.
From the Paper
"Max is an 11-year-old in fifth grade, who has a moderate form of Autistic Disorder. The defining characteristic of autism is jointly having impaired communication, social skills, and marked lack of cognitive and behavioral flexibility. Autism is a behavioral diagnosis that is dependent on the presence of a requisite number of behaviors that exist to as specific degree across this triad of chracteristics and causes impairment in social and occupational functioning. In United States, behavioral diagnoses are made on the basis of categories presented in the DSM-IV-TR. The DSM-IV-TR clusters the behaviors to allow ordering and diagnosis (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). The diagnosis is a term that points to the cluster of behaviors that make up autism."
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Differentiated Instruction, 2007.
This paper examines the teaching method of differentiated instruction.
1,570 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 83.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that children vary in their ability to acquire information and have different learning styles. The paper examines the tool of differentiating instruction, which means developing multiple avenues of learning, so students with different abilities, interests or educational needs have the opportunity to equally absorb, develop and present concepts and information. The paper explores how differentiated instruction can be incorporated into the reading, writing and speaking curricula.
From the Paper
"According to Carol Ann Tomlinson, a specialist in the field of differentiated learning, teachers can best utilize three areas of the curriculum to develop a more flexible curriculum: content, process, and products. Content refers to the concepts, principles, and skills teachers want students to learn. Everyone should have access to the core content: Give struggling learners the same major ideas as their classmates, but adjust the degree of complexity. Teachers can explain the same concept, such as Shakespearean sonnets, to a very young child or a Ph.D. candidate."
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Scientific Misconceptions Among Primary-Aged School Children, 2006.
A study of children's scientific misconceptions and the role that the teacher plays.
7,681 words (approx. 30.7 pages), 21 sources, MLA, AU$ 270.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses scientific misconceptions of primary school children. This work holds that the teacher's conceptions influence the student's while the student's conceptions are less likely to influence that of the teacher. The paper stresses the importance of the teacher in planning classroom activities for learning science. The paper takes a look at various literary works on this subject.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Primary Science Curriculum
British QCA - National Curriculum for Science
Review of the Literature
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The work of Driver, Geusne and Tiberghien entitled: "Children's Ideas in Science" asks the question of whether the "ideas that children's possess represent coherent models of the phenomena that are frequently presented in classroom settings?" The answer is given that teachers who are experienced do realize that students possess their own ideas about phenomena even though these ideas are unfounded and often 'incoherent". These ideas may be persistent even when no consistently is linked with results from experiments or the teachers explanation. One solution reported in this work indicates that the student requires a choice or variety of learning experiences in order to dispel misconceptions through direct experiences that conflict with the expectations of the student."
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School Counselors, 2003.
A look at school reform and the role of the school counselor.
2,153 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 109.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the traditional role of the school counselor. The paper takes a look at various school reforms and the part that the school counselor plays in these reforms.
Outline:
The South Carolina Model
The ASCA National Model
South Carolina Education and Economic Development Act (EEDA)
No Child Left Behind Act
Incorporating Role Expectations
From the Paper
"The American School Counselor Association National Model provides a framework for school counseling programs that is centered around the collaborative function of benefiting students, teachers, parents, administrators, and the greater community (ASCA, 2006). Programs for school counseling are considered to be an integral part of the school environment and school counselors play a crucial role in the achievement of students (ASCA, 2006). The ASCA National Model was created so school counseling programs could be developed that are based in common, underlying foundational values. ASCA (2006) described how this model enables schools to: "establish the school counseling program as and integral component of the academic mission of the school; ensure every student has equitable access to the school counseling program; identify and deliver the knowledge and skills all students should acquire; ensure that the school counseling program is comprehensive in design and is delivered systematically to all students."
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