| Papers [369-384] of 4833 :: [Page 24 of 303] | | Go to page : <— 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 —> | |
|
|
Environmental Economics, 2007.
This paper looks at the effects of government regulation and market dynamics on the economy.
955 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 47.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this article, the writer maintains that the primary reason for government regulation is to correct perceived or actual market failures. The writer notes that increasingly, people are saying that government regulation does not appear to be working. However, the writer points out that government regulations are really failing because trying to alter market dynamics does not work. True, the dynamics of the market created the market failure, but the dynamics of the market will eventually resolve it as well if only given the chance. The writer concludes that market dynamics, by their very nature, are more efficient because all factors possible are considered and because the consumer is the better regulator as the laws of supply and demand eventually take hold.
From the Paper
"One form of market failure, a negative externality, arises when the actions one party result in a benefit or cost accruing to some external party that did not consent to the impact. Examples of negative externalities might be a manufacturer that irresponsibly releases pollution or consumes scarce natural resources. Market failure results because the manufacturer bears no costs for its actions; instead, costs are imposed on downstream parties that did not cause them. Advocates of government regulation believe that it can correct this type of market failure by imposing taxes or using tradable permits to force firms to internalize some of these social costs. According to Field and Field, taxes will force businesses to adjust emission rates so that the equimarginal rule is satisfied and to innovate so that cheaper ways of reducing emissions may be discovered. Tradable permits allow the government control over desired emission levels by giving a company the right to pollute at a certain level that is transferable to another company as a reward for keep emission levels low."
| |
|
Poland and Yugoslavia, 2007.
This paper explores the effects of the fall of communism on Poland and Yugoslavia.
1,314 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 62.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper discusses how the fall of the communist systems around Europe had different effects and repercussions for communist countries and determined the historical evolution between economic success and disarray. The paper reveals that Poland and Yugoslavia now stand at practically opposing points of development. The paper looks at their respective systems of government and the economic factor. The paper demonstrates how Poland is a good example of the effects Western countries have had on its economic and political scene, whereas Yugoslavia represents a country still facing the chains of transition, with little European prospects.
From the Paper
"Overall, the first clear distinction is their positioning in relation to the international organizations and forums. Poland, on the one hand, is a solid member of the European Union, and its largest trading partner, according to official figures. (Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Poland, 2007)This historical outcome is the result of increased political efforts by the leadership in Warsaw to improve the visibility of their country in Europe. Thus, the political engagement of the Polish government made it possible for Poland to sign the European Agreement on 16 December 1991 "which established an associate relationship between the EC and the Republic of Poland." (Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Poland, 2007)"
| |
|
The United States and Free Trade, 2007.
An examination of the effects of the free trade regime on the United States.
3,381 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 135.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper explains the evolution of free trade and looks at the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The paper also discusses the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and its effects. The paper explores free trade advantages for the United States and the benefits of the free trade agreements. The paper explains the general advantages and disadvantages of free trade and shows how the free trade regime has a series of positive effects for the United States.
Outline:
Introduction
The Evolution of Free Trade
The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
The North American Free Trade Agreement and its Effects
The Free Trade Advantages on the United States
Free Trade Agreements' Effects on the United States
General Advantages and Disadvantages of Free Trade
Conclusions
From the Paper
"By the term "free trade" economists refer to an idealized market model, where countries trade their goods or services without being limited and inhibited by tariffs and taxes imposed by governments and non-tariff barriers (Wikipedia, 2007). Some say that in order to have real free trade, perfect competition is required, while others say that the absence of inhibitory taxes is enough for the free trade to take place."
"Although free trade is considered by some economists to have important advantages, that surpass the eventual disadvantages, free trade has its share of opponents, like some of the nationalists, communists, agricultural and manufacturing interests, and anti-globalization and some labor campaigners."
| |
|
Bankruptcy, 2007.
This paper looks at the Interstate Bakeries' choice of bankruptcy and analyzes different types of bankruptcy.
1,023 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 51.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this essay, the writer discusses the filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization by Interstate Bakeries, the maker of well-known food products such as Twinkies and Wonder Bread. The writer explains that although Interstate had several options at its disposal to reduce debt and generate cash, ultimately Chapter 11 bankruptcy allowed Interstate to address its debt and cost problems without having to mortgage the company's future through overly deep cuts or sell-offs. The writer then looks at different types of bankruptcy and discusses the alternatives that were available to Interstate. The writer concludes that by filing Chapter 11 bankruptcy, Interstate was able to get a handle on its costs, alleviate its debt, and emerge as a stronger and more stable operation.
Outline:
Types of Bankruptcy
Alternatives to Chapter 11: Pros and Cons
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In a Chapter 11 bankruptcy process, the court and a company's debtors will approve a reorganization plan that, among other things, determines how much various creditors get paid. There are two classes of competitors: secured and unsecured. The secured creditors, such as banks, get paid first; the unsecured creditors, such as vendors, may get only pennies on the dollar. Chapter 11 sometimes allows companies to restructure contracts, such as union deals, which was a big problem for Interstate. At any rate, companies emerge from Chapter 11 with a much better debt and cash-flow picture."
"Municipal organizations, such as cities or school districts, have a form of bankruptcy similar to Chapter 11, which is called Chapter 9 bankruptcy. Chapter 9 bankruptcy allows a municipal entity to restructure its debt and reorganize its operations, similar to Chapter 11."
| |
|
J.S. Mill and Karl Marx, 2007.
A comparative analysis of the political and economic theories of J. S. Mill and Karl Marx.
2,556 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 108.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper analyzes the theories of Mill and Marx in terms of comparing Mill's utilitarianism and Marx's socialism. The paper compares two themes where they have similar ideas: the welfare of the individual as having greater value in the modern-capitalist society and the achievement of ethical freedom. The paper also looks at themes where they have differing ideas: individualism versus socialism and the right to property versus the equal distribution of property in society.
Outline:
Introduction
Theme 1
Theme 2
Theme 3
Theme 4
Conclusion
From the Paper
"John Stuart Mill was known for his development of the utilitarian movement, wherein capitalism is said to be the resulting effect of this phenomenon that occurred in the modern period. Under Utilitarianism, Mill promoted the idea of assuming individualism in pursuit of happiness, resulting to the concept of rationalism that gave birth to capitalism. Karl Marx, meanwhile, was synonymously identified wit the socialist movement in the midst of a rapidly-individualizing nature of human society under the capitalist economy. Under the socialist, specifically Communist, movement, Marx promoted the idea of achieving an ideal, egalitarian society through the dominant emergence of a proletariat class, occurring after a social revolution."
| |
|
Biometric Payment Trends, 2007.
This paper researches biometric payments as a business proposition in southern California.
1,527 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 70.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper examines trends in Southern California in relation to biometric payments and looks at the current and future trends in this industry. The paper also explores sociological factors that may affect this business. The paper is of the opinion that the biometric market in Southern California is prime for exploitation in all areas of business and commerce. The paper discusses how the costs for implementation of this type of authentication system are relatively cheap with high rewards claimed.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
How Biometric Identifiers Work
Different Forms of Biometrics in Use
Merchant Benefits in Biometrics
Southern California Supermarkets Use of Biometrics
Merchant Advantages
Customer Advantages
Biometric Market
Other Factors Affecting the Biometric Market
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The way that the biometric identifier works is simple: the customer places their finger on a scanner and a picture of the fingerprint it taken. The software then converts the fingerprint "into a map of minutiae points" (Hospitality Upgrade Magazine, 2000) and then is stored for reference. When making a purchase "the user holds a finger to the scanner, and the computer matches the stored print-map to the fingerprint. Only the minutiae points are stored in the image, not the actual fingerprint." (Hospitality Upgrade Magazine, 2000)"
| |
|
Race, Class, and Economics, 2007.
A analysis of civil rights for African-Americans from an economic perspective.
937 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 47.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines the quest for African-American civil rights as a movement for economic justice and opportunity as well. Several African-American philosophers' ideas are illustrated to show different outlooks on economic opportunity and prosperity in the US. Some leaders saw communism as a way to achieve economic parity with whites, while others felt it was necessary to work within the system through gaining a higher education. The role of African-American women in supporting households is also discussed.
From the Paper
"Early, on, advocates such as Cyril Brigg expressed the philosophy that Black nationalism must not be an ideology of territorial or race liberation alone, as advocated in the 'Back to Africa' movement of Marcus Garvey. Instead it must be an international working class movement of liberation founded upon Marxism and workers' rights--after all, American Black oppression was founded upon the capitalist needs of the slave trade. The American legislative system had proved a failure in winning Blacks their rights, thus a new system was required, and like Marx's workers, Blacks had nothing to lose but their chains, even less to lose than White workers (hence the greater attraction of more moderate trade unionism for Whites). "
| |
|
IT Outsourcing, 2007.
A discussion of the advantages of outsourcing in information technology.
4,798 words (approx. 19.2 pages), 35 sources, APA, AU$ 171.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines the benefits of companies outsourcing projects, especially in the area of information technology. Outsourcing is defined and reasons are given why a company may decide to use outside contractors over in-house employees. Various countries that have profited from outsourcing are listed, followed by a discussion of how outsourced jobs may affect the US economy. Globalization as it relates to outsourcing is analyzed. Next, the paper devotes a large section to IT outsourcing, which includes a list of the benefits of this way of doing business. The paper concludes by acknowledging the role of management in making an outsourcing project successful.
Outline:
Introduction
Outsourcing defined
Outsourcing in Developing Countries: the Aftermath of Globalization
Table 1. The Role Played by the Developing Countries in Trade and Capital Flows
Table 2. Regional perspective on the Effects of Globalization.
Table 3. The Effects of Globalization in Selected Countries
Global IT Outsourcing
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There are many reasons why outsourcing or contracting out work is more preferred rather than developing in-house talents. First, it is seen as more cost-effective (Domberger, 1998)-for example, a contracted personnel from other countries require only smaller salary because of the certain standardized salary scheme within the country; second, to cut cost and refocus resources (Holt, Kennedy, Rehg & Ward, 2002) . A large company with numerous personnel with no specific work is the same with a company with smaller personnel but with specified work. This was done through outsourcing of different functions from different sources. And third, lower investment in internal infrastructure (Reaser, 1996), it will be built instead to the outsourced country. "
| |
|
"The New Economics", 2007.
This paper analyzes "The New Economics" by W. Edwards Deming.
1,430 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 66.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper relates that in "The New Economics," Deming offers a vision for industry, government and education based on effective knowledge, information management and sustainable growth. The paper asserts that the author is profoundly optimistic and forward-thinking in his views of knowledge, human potential and the capacity for positive transformation. The paper discusses how Deming extends far beyond the scope of textbook economics, looking at issues related to human welfare and well-being. The paper concludes that "The New Economics" offers a visionary theory of revolutionary change, not just in American economics but in American culture.
From the Paper
"The New Economics is succinct: less than 250 pages including the index. Accessible in its tone and layout if not its writing style, the book remains viable as a trade book but its author's background and credibility and his theoretical underpinnings make The New Economics required reading for students, scholars, and professionals. The crux of The New Economics is what Deming calls "A System of Profound Knowledge," which he outlines in detail in Chapter 4. The book is divided into ten sections plus an appendix and index."
| |
|
O.M. Scott and Company, 2007.
This paper provides a profile and case study of O.M. Scott and Company.
1,463 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 68.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that the O.M. Scott leveraged buyout case was an example of 1980s creative financing, in which a large corporation in deep debt was able to not only be bought out by a company it then took over, but gained momentum and credit credibility. The writer further explains that O.M. Scott manufactures, markets and sells lawn care and garden products; and provides garden maintenance services. The writer points out that O.M. Scott & Sons was sold and became a closely held company following the war, when, in 1971, it was bought out by ITT. O.M. Scott & Sons remained within the conglomerate until 1986. In this article, the writer looks at related problems and discusses possible alternative courses of action.
Outline:
Introduction
Background of Company
History
Analysis of Case
Major Problems
Alternative Course of Action
Analysis of Alternatives
Conclusion
From the Paper
"At the end of fiscal 1961, Scott and its subsidiaries had $16.2 million of long-term debt outstanding, $12 million in renewable five-year subordinated notes of the parent company held by four insurance companies and a trustee, and $4.2 million in publicly held bonds owed by Scotts Chemical Plant, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary."
"The governing loan indenture limited the company's maximum outstanding debt to an amount not greater than three times the company's "equity working capital" as of the preceding March 31. The note indenture restricted outstanding subordinated notes to only 60% of maximum allowed debt. The agreement also required that Scott be free of bank debt for 60 consecutive days each year and that the company earn before taxes one and a half times its fixed financial charges, including interest on funded and unfunded debt, amortization of debt discount, and rentals on leased properties."
| |
|
Supply and Demand, 2007.
An analysis of concepts behind supply and demand.
815 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 41.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines the concept of supply and demand by giving clear definitions and examples. Basic economic terminology is presented and is further illustrated with concrete examples. The paper uses the demand for physicians in the US to describe supply and demand, with practical ideas of how to increase supply.
From the Paper
"The rate of supply and demand may vary depending on the trend in the environment. One instance is when the people in one community are so keen in holding or keeping some supplies for their own future personal use. While the people are keeping their stocks on hold, there will surely be dramatic changes in both the supply and demand, as well on the price of the commodities (Lee, 1992)."
| |
|
The Hungarian Gas Turbines Industry, 2007.
A strategic assessment of the microeconomic strengths and weaknesses of the gas turbines industry in Hungary.
1,203 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 58.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper relates that the gas turbine industry is considered by many to be one of the most dynamic segments in the power generation industry. The paper examines the Hungarian energy market and discusses its strengths and weaknesses. The paper concludes with a recommendation for direct investment in Hungary in this industry, given the potential of the market and the perspectives for its development in the future.
From the Paper
"The Hungarian energy market is continuously growing to keep up with the diversification of the economy and with the constant increase in the level of industrial modernization. One of the threats for Europe and Hungary in terms of the gas turbine market is the high dependency to Russian energy sources. Indeed, as the recent energetic crisis have shown, the countries in Central and Eastern Europe are depending on Russian gas transports, as well as on the prices that Gazprom, the large Russian energy holding, sets."
| |
|
Outsourcing, 2007.
An analysis of the impact of offshore outsourcing on the American economy.
2,110 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 93.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses why outsourcing helps and protectionism hurts the United States' economy. It provides an overview of a series of articles and research papers which discuss the impact of offshore outsourcing on the American economy. It analyzes whether it is ultimately better for America to be challenged competitively or if it is more prudent to protect American industries.
Table of Contents:
Summary
Offshore Outsourcing Has Become the Political Football of Choice
Offshore Outsourcing Hits Iowans Hard
Evaluating Lou Dobbs' Commentaries on Offshore Outsourcing
Making American Manufacturing Lean: A Perspective
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Instead, the author takes the approach of looking at the concepts of lean manufacturing as the true point of differentiation and long-term growth of American manufacturing. Link (2006) argues that efficiency and cost reduction through lean manufacturing techniques can actually forestall or even stop the outsourcing of jobs en masse. The other side of this argument however is that many Indian outsourcing companies including HCL, Infosys, Tata and others can deliver a 40% reduction in the costs of doing a complex task or process, which would ironically alleviate the pressure on companies to outsource their core business. The author tends to applaud the Toyota Production System too often, and could have made the entire article stronger by showing the ironies of Toyota themselves doing much of their outsourcing work on non-strategic parts of their business so they could focus on the core aspects of next generation auto development."
| |
|
American Wine, 2007.
This paper explores the economics of the United States' wine industry.
1,984 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 88.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper describes the history of the wine industry in the US and the benefits the growing industry provides to the economy. The paper offers statistics on wine consumption in the US and examines which are the wine-producing states. The paper looks at emerging trends that favor the industry and shows how the spread of wine tourism in virtually all states has benefited state and local economies.
From the Paper
"The wine industry in the US began small with most of it accounted for by import until its expansion in California in the early 20th century (Geisler 2006). It was prohibited for a time and then revived in the early 70s and directed by aggressive demands for better quality wine products. Between the 70s and the late 90s, wine consumption went up and down. By 2004, the US Department of Agriculture reported US wine consumption at 2.3 gallons. California has more than 1,800 of wineries in the USA and accounts for 90% of total US wine production."
| |
|
Newport Beach Budget Analysis, 2007.
This paper analyzes the Newport Beach community's public budget.
2,768 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 115.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper explains that a public budget is influenced by a series of factors, including demographic, economic, social, military, historical or political factors. The paper relates that demographic factors, like population growth or demographic structure modification regarding age and socio-professional categories, determine the evolution of public expenditures and revenues. The paper therefore studies the demographic structure of Newport Beach. The paper provides the relevant statistics and highlights areas of growth and decline.
From the Paper
"The main revenue sources are: property, sales, and transient occupancy taxes. Also, the General Fund is supported by: licenses, fees and permits, intergovernmental revenues, charges for services, fines, forfeitures and penalties, revenue from the use of money and property, contributions and other miscellaneous revenue. The most important revenue source for Newport Beach is represented by property taxes, followed by sales tax and then by transient occupancy tax. These three most important revenue sources are responsible for providing almost 73% of total General Fund revenues."
| |
|
Economic Development, ICT and Poverty Reduction, 2007.
An examination of the link between economic development, information and communication technology (ICT) and poverty reduction.
1,765 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 34 sources, MLA, AU$ 79.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper proposes a research study on the link between economic development, information and communication technology (ICT) and poverty reduction, specifically in the country of Ethiopia. The paper provides a literature review and summarizes the findings. The paper discusses the results that show how ICT development and implementation has the potential to transform the economics of a country, specifically one such as Ethiopia. The paper notes that there are barriers to implementation but it has been shown that they could be overcome.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Research Questions
Review of the Literature
Summary of the Literature Reviewed
Methodology
From the Paper
"The work of Ziadi and Kuofie (2006) entitled: "Impact of ICT on Organization in Tunsia" states the fact that in the face of changes that are economic and technological in nature companies become "more conscious of the importance of their structure, technologies and intellectual capital." These authors cite Zack (1999) in the statement of "This capital is considered as a not easily imitable competing weapon." Nonaka (1991) is cited in the statement of: "This is why the competitiveness of these companies is dependent on acquisition, creation, the localization and the renewal of the organizational knowledge." (Ziadi and Kuofie, 2006)."
|
|
|
