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Ending Homelessness, 2008.
This paper looks at the issue of homelessness in a social science analysis.
1,107 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 46.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the issue of homelessness is one that has been of pre-eminent concern in Canada, and indeed in much of the industrialized world in recent years. This paper attempts a positive or social science analysis of this issue, exploring not only the nature of the problem but also the state of critical debate among both social scientists and policy makers on the best avenues to address this matter. The writer argues that in order to address this problem one must detach homelessness from its historic connotations with anti-social disorder traditionally addressed through police authorities, and recognize the issue as a convergence of economic and social determinants.
From the Paper
"This fact has led many social scientists studying the problem of homelessness to argue that it is not so much a criminal problem, i.e., associated with drugs or anti-social activities, as primarily a matter of housing economics. While it must be acknowledged that a variety of factors contribute to homelessness - from changing patterns of employment and cyclical economic trends to the deinstitutionalization of the mentally ill - the scholarly consensus seem to be that the most important structural cause of homelessness is the lack of affordable housing in urban areas. The current situation represents the culmination of a process that has been ongoing in North America for decades.."
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Mexico and the WTO, 2008.
An analysis of the influence that the World Trade Organization (WTO) has had on Mexico relative to its economic and structural development.
995 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Mexico as subject to international forces within the global economy through both its World Trade Organization (WTO) membership as well as its membership in NAFTA (North American Free Trade Association). The paper specifically looks at the influence that the WTO has had on Mexico relative to its economic and structural development. The paper includes a discussion on which of the sources that were used were the most important.
From the Paper
"Mexico, despite its reputation as a poor country to some degree, maintains a thriving economy and has a population of approximately 107m individuals dispersed across a land mass of nearly three times the size of the state of Texas in the US ("Mexico"). While Mexico has experienced difficulties at times regarding its economic management vis-a-vis the Mexican Peso, it holds much promise as a developing nation because of its population and resources relative to labor efficiencies if it can manage to work some of its advantages as a developing market within the WTO structure (Conway). Unless it can reap certain protections or advantages through the WTO, its very membership in the WTO may essentially be responsible for a severe contraction in its economy because its economy is still dependent on its earlier advantages in cheap labor."
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Europe and China Trade Markets, 2008.
This paper discuses the comparative advantage theory and applies it to trade between Europe and China.
2,800 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 21 sources, MLA, AU$ 101.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that China's emergence as both an economic and political force has presented opportunities for Europe to develop or expand its business and trade relationships with China. The author points out that the comparative advantage theory dictates that, if a country can produce an item at a lower relative cost than another country, then it has a comparative advantage for that particular product. The paper suggests that Europe has a strong comparative advantage in technology and infrastructure compared to the Chinese market; whereas, China's comparable advantage over any developed economy is production efficiencies based on its vast pool of low cost labor. The paper states that China has taken full advantage of the benefits of globalization by developing the technology channels to handle the communication and transaction of international commerce and the physical infrastructure for the transportation and logistics of goods and services through a supply chain channel.
Table of Contents:
Europe and China at the Crossroads
Overview
Comparative Advantage Theory
Overview
Europe's Market Advantages
China's Market Advantages
Foreign Exchange Dimension
China's Currency Issues
Europe's Currency Concerns
The Economic and Geo-Political Environment
Overview
Off-Shoring/Out-Sourcing
Currency Blocks
Production Possibilities Frontier
Foreign Direct Investment
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Trade is of great concern to the EU and one of the major drivers in establishing a centralized body within which to set policy and coordinate trade agreements. Prior to the Maastricht Treaty that established the EU as a formalized body, the individual member states were seemingly caught up in endless internecine trade disputes with each other that precluded any sort of effective international trade policy to deal with an increasingly global economy. However, over the last several years, the EU has been much more effective at handling trade disputes between member states."
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Karl Marx's Estrangement Theories, 2008.
An analysis of Karl Marx's theory of estrangement and its application to the modern global economy.
1,545 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper explores Karl Marx's theory of estrangement within the context of the contemporary industrial and economic setting. It devotes a considerable amount of time to explicating Marx's conceptions of estrangement and alienation. The paper subsequently looks at how his concept of estrangement can be applied to the modern global economy.
From the Paper
"To begin with, Marx insists that the worker in the capitalist order is the most wretched of beings insofar as his or her power is in inverse proportion to his (or her) creative production. In other words, as Marx argues vehemently, the worker creates and someone else gains the wealth accumulated by the creation of that item. To elaborate a little further, the fruits of labor's efforts (the goods produced by steadfast toil) metamorphose into something that is literally independent of the producer; the laborers lose control over the means of production and the more products he or she produces, the less ability he or she has to consume those goods and the more he or she falls under the dominion of capital (Marx, 30-31)."
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Giving America Away, 2008.
This paper discusses the repercussions of US multinational enterprises "giving America away" to foreign countries such as China and India.
809 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the closing of multinational companies in favour of China, India or another country where labour costs are low, setting a trend of eroding manufacturing across America. The paper explores whether the trend is to the ultimate benefit or detriment of the American economy. The paper looks at Lou Dobbs' opinions in his book "Exporting America: Why Corporate Greed is Shipping American Jobs Overseas" and discusses the movement against "exporting America". The paper concludes that American economists foresee the globalization trend as inevitable with the developing giants gaining at the expense of America.
From the Paper
"Many believe the globalization phenomenon is much more of a threat to America than a positive step. The most common example brought up to demonstrate this fact is the closing of multinational companies in favour of setting up shop in China, India, or another country where labour costs are stunningly low. Other critics cite the increasing number of imports from China to America, giving the giant nation a growing edge on the American economy. In fact, one must remember that although China is a developing country, it is the fourth largest economy in the world and is now also the world's fastest growing economy. India, too, traditionally a developing nation, is seeing a sudden surge in economic growth owing to the American trend of outsourcing jobs."
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Is NAFTA Good For Canada?, 2008.
This paper explores whether Canada is disadvantaged by the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
826 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the drawbacks of the NAFTA agreement but reveals that the success of Canada's economic life depends on serious, pragmatic cooperation with the United States. The paper looks at the argument that Canada's political relationship with the U.S. should remain friendly, but its economic focus should shift to other regions such as China or India. The paper explains why an economic relationship with the United States is a necessity for Canada.
From the Paper
"Many Canadian citizens fear the nation is getting the short end of the stick regarding NAFTA. To date, there have been nine cases against Canada under Chapter 11 of NAFTA alone - all of which involved challenges by U.S. companies operating within Canada. Two of these cases revolved around the controversial 1996 Canada-U.S. Softwood Lumber agreement (Molot 163). Another case was brought against Canada by United Parcel Service (UPS), who argued that its Canadian position was being undermined by rivals Purolator Courier, Priority Courier and Expresspost (ibid, 163). Other cases involve Sun Belt Water Inc., who sued Canada for British Columbia's prohibition on the export of fresh water, and Crompton, who has sued the Canadian government for its decision to ban a pesticide desirable to the chemical manufacturer (ibid 163). Many question, then, how the NAFTA agreement is good for Canadians when such legal cases keep rising."
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Capitalism of the Twenty-First Century, 2008.
This paper explores two works: Robert Reich's text, "The Work of Nations" and a PBS online video presentation, "Wal-Mart: Is It Good for America?"
1,806 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 70.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the thesis of both Robert Reich's text, "The Work of Nations" and a PBS presentation "Wal-Mart: Is It Good for America?" and examines the manner in which the theses are substantiated as well as the objectivity of the works. The writer shows how both writers present similar theses and that each presents facts in a manner that support their underlying arguments. The paper concludes that both sources offer insight into the dark realities of twenty-first century capitalism, although only Reich offers definitive solutions.
From the Paper
"Robert B. Reich's text on what the twenty-first century portends is remarkably prescient in light of the fact it was completed by its author at the dawn of the 1990s. Overall, Reich appears to take the view that the old phenomenon - one which dates back to the nineteenth century - of the individual standard of living rising or falling in concert with the economic performance of the nation's largest business organizations is no longer taking place. Instead, technology, money, jobs and ideas are flowing more easily than ever across national borders and from one part of the globe to another. As a result, national corporations are losing whatever national identity they might once have had as the profit-maximization potential of the global workplace manifests itself."
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The International Monetary Fund, 2008.
An argument calling for the abolishment of the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
2,610 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 95.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the history and policies of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and contends that it has failed in promoting the conditions for economic growth in developing countries. The paper shows how flawed IMF policies have not promoted economic growth in Third World nations but instead have made economic growth virtually impossible. The paper asserts that organizations like the IMF should be abolished, for they are perpetuating the fundamental economic injustice inherent in a global economy where the powerful industrialized nations prosper by exploiting undeveloped ones.
From the Paper
"Numerous Congressional hearings have confirmed this assessment, for Congress has harshly criticized the International Monetary Fund, and added fuel to the firestorm of controversy that has surrounded the IMF since its mishandling of the Asian financial crisis. Public disputes over the leadership of the institution are intensifying, and massive demonstrations such as occurred in Seattle are demonstrating that the IMF is under siege as it has never been before in all of its fifty-six-year history."
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A Borderless World?, 2008.
This paper examines the argument that the nation-state's obsolescence is leading to a borderless world.
4,075 words (approx. 16.3 pages), 22 sources, MLA, AU$ 132.95
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Abstract
The paper shows how many nation-states have lost some autonomy and the massive changes of globalization have blurred the borders of nation-states. The paper contends, however, that it is inaccurate to state that the obsolescence of the nation-state has rendered the world borderless. The paper maintains that despite global economic changes, political, cultural and historical factors will continue to bolster the nation-state, so that national borders will not be disappearing in the foreseeable future.
From the Paper
"There has been a great deal of debate in recent years about globalization. Does it really exist? And if so, how pervasive is it? Is it reversible, or has it now become both irreversible and hegemonic? These debates embrace considerations of both economic and political globalization, although of course it must be borne in mind that the two are inextricably intertwined. When it comes to political globalization, Steger points out that much discussion is concerned with "the weighing of conflicting evidence with regard to the fate of the modern nation-state" (28). This is because globalization is widely assumed to be a threat to the continued sovereignty, autonomy and influence of the nation-state. In the same vein, many scholars see international economic forces as a form of economic globalization that could lead to the end of the nation-state as a meaningful economic unit. Moreover, for those who see economics as the primary force determining human society and history, this would also mean the end of the nation-state as a meaningful political and social unit."
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Supply and Demand, 2008.
This paper explores the economics of supply and demand in the scenario of a gas interruption.
775 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the supply and demand characteristics in the market caused by an interruption in the supply of gas in Arizona during the summer driving season. The paper examines the economic concepts of supply, demand, and equilibrium to represent what would occur in the description given for the scenario. The paper explains how the market forces would cause a shift or movement of both the supply and demand curves. The paper explains further that the resulting conditions would therefore create an upward pressure on prices before equilibrium is established. The paper includes diagrams of curves.
From the Paper
"In the given situation where a major gas supply line is interrupted there are several environmental and economic factors that need to be considered to fully understand the effect of the product interruption. Environmentally, the Arizona market is a severe hot-weather market that relies on motorized transportation with no practical viable alternative transportation methods that can be temporarily utilized such as biking or walking. Additionally, the supply interruption occurred at the height of the summer season which presented several contributing factors: 1) summer is the traditional high-demand period for gas in any market and 2) the season and the traditional high demand combined to create a sense of special urgency regarding this sudden market interruption. These circumstances, when combined with the natural effects such market interruptions have on supply and demand curves, created a perfect storm of conditions that caused the natural market equilibrium to lose all balance and begin to function in an artificial manner."
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Money and Banking, 2008.
An analysis of financial markets, financial intermediaries and cashless systems.
1,263 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses various financial and economic topics. It first discusses financial markets and their typologies, vis-a-vis investment categories. It then focuses on financial intermediaries and their role within the overall economy as facilitators of market access. Finally, the paper looks at the monetary system as it relates to payment and the current shift to a cashless system and society.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Financial Markets
Financial Intermediaries
Money, Payment, Cashless Shift
From the Paper
"From a macroeconomic perspective financial intermediaries are not viewed as especially important but they do serve an important function related to financial markets because they facilitate market access. Additionally, financial intermediaries provide an extremely useful and relevant source of market research for economists because they have highly accurate predictive models based on the historical data of their customers' investment patterns as well as investment preferences (Karp, Bernard & Schlessinger, 2002). By utilizing such market data, economists and other economic analysts are able to better gauge the direction and health of the overall economy and government policies directed at it."
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Savings and Loans, 2008.
This paper discusses savings and loans looking at the U.S. banking crisis of the 1980s.
1,923 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 74.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer discusses the US banking crisis of the 1980s otherwise known as the savings and loan crisis. The writer notes that the foundations of the crisis are found in the late 1960s and the 1970s when various states began to deregulate the savings and loans chartered by them. The writer points out that in the 1980s, continued deregulation and lax oversight contributed to the savings and loan crises, which ultimately cost the U.S. taxpayers billions of dollars to repair. The writer concludes that the primary question that the banking crisis of the 1980s leaves one with, is not if this type of industry transgression will occur again, but rather, when it will occur again.
Outline:
Abstract
The Crisis Foundations
Regulatory Expansion of Services
Mid Decade Industry Expansion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The US banking crisis of the 1980s centered on the failure of some of the nation's largest savings and loans (S&L) institutions and the policies and regulations that seemed to facilitate this crisis. The US banking crisis of the 1980s crisis did not, however, simply occur in a vacuum and take the nation by surprise. While its ultimate severity may have surprised some people familiar with the industry, in fact, many people recognized that the S&L crisis really had its roots in the 1960s and 1970s when market interest rate increases undermined the S&L industry's competitiveness for deposits. Thus, the foundation of the S&L crisis of the 1980s has its roots during the 60's and 70's when the original state imposed rate ceilings limited S&L competitiveness and then, subsequently, state and federally mandated policies and regulations over compensated for these earlier restrictions through aggressive deregulation."
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Disposable Income and Domestic Travel, 2008.
An examination of the effects of disposable income on domestic travel.
1,262 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the main hypothesis of whether increases in disposable income, cause an increase in domestic travel, and the sub-hypothesis of whether domestic travel is a normal or luxury good. The paper explains that the main aim is to determine the true nature of the relationship between disposable income and domestic travel. The paper further explores the effect of disposable income on domestic travel. In conclusion, the paper shows that a complete model of domestic travel entails looking at all determinants of travel as a supposed explanatory variable before the relationship between personal disposable income and domestic travel can be analyzed and this is necessary so that the relationship coefficients are unbiased.
Outline:
Literature Survey
Theory and Hypothesis: What is the Effect of Disposable Income on Domestic Travel
From the Paper
"Research that has centered on domestic travel, began as early as the 1960's, especially in wake of the fact that in many developed countries citizens were spending excessively on travel. Empirical studies by Gray found that disposable income was a major determinant of travel. Gray's analysis was an econometric model that included explanatory variables such as the foreign exchange rate, fare payments abroad, and travel spending by local residents. Gray's work also included another element that was absent in other papers, that is, Gray found that the prices of goods and services while traveling were an important determinant of travel. This particular model is important to the testing of the relevant hypotheses since, it gives a clear picture as to what the complete model of domestic travel should entail as explanatory variables. It is therefore less likely to get a biased determinant if all the necessary independent variables are included in the model; Gray's research paper dictates what these variables should be."
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Argentina and Neo-liberalism, 2008.
This paper explores the effects of neo-liberal policies on Argentinean human development.
2,769 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 11 sources, MLA, AU$ 99.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that although governmental incompetence has contributed to its problems, Argentina's present impoverishment and dependence is very much a product of neo-liberal policies foisted upon the country by powerful international actors like the World Bank and International Monetary Fund. The paper provides an overview of Argentinean domestic policy, notes the neo-liberal agenda and impact of the World Bank and IMF and illustrates the consequences flowing from neo-liberal policies made all the more powerful by compelling global phenomena. The paper shows how while neo-liberalism is certainly not all bad, it does discourage the sort of internal development a poor and weakened nation like Argentina desperately needs.
From the Paper
"Before proceeding too far, it is necessary to provide some background information on the country of Argentina; this background, needless to say, can offer a great deal of insight into why Argentina's current predicament is as bad as it is. For most of the twentieth century, Argentina's economy has been characterized by stagnation and by recession; indeed, since the middle 1970s, per capita income has tumbled and (by the middle 1990s) was less than that of relatively poor nations such as Chile and Malaysia. Additionally, the emigration of Argentineans seeking a better life has emerged as a pressing concern in recent years. To all of this must be added the fact that Argentina's interior - which comprises roughly 70 percent of the nation's land and, as of roughly a decade ago, comprised just under a third of its population - has been chronically poor since at least the 1930s (Sawers, 3-4)."
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Globalization and Capitalism, 2008.
A comparison of the style and focus of Steven K. Vogel's article, "The Crisis of German and Japanese Capitalism" and Gary Teeple's article, "The Global Economy and the Decline of Social Reform."
1,546 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and compares Steven K. Vogel's article, "The Crisis of German and Japanese Capitalism" and Gary Teeple's article, "The Global Economy and the Decline of Social Reform." It describes the different style and focus of each article, as well as their similarities, especially in their main focus on modern day economic globalization and the current state of capitalism.
From the Paper
"The thousands of Canadians who recently had to line up to get passports to cross the world's longest "friendly border" and enter the territory of our nearest neighbour most likely did not feel as if they were at the end of the era of the nation-state. Similarly, Canadian/Syrian national Maher Arar, who was allegedly deported to Syria via Jordan by the US government in 2002, there to be detained and tortured for a year, most likely did not feel as if he was living in the era of the end of the nation-state (Amnesty International, 2003). A year of being tortured in the name of national rivalries and animosities between two different nation states would cause most people to believe quite strongly that the nation state was alive and well. On the other hand, Teeple's analysis goes to the macro economic forces that operate below the surface, and it might be possible to simultaneously believe in the end of the nation-state in relation to economics, while allowing that deeply held animosities between nation states could continue to cause incidents such as Arar's ordeal, as well as calamities such as 9/11."
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Monetary Policy, 2008.
This paper examines monetary policy and macroeconomic stability.
1,801 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 69.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes the role of money when achieving economic objectives such as economic growth, controllable inflation and low unemployment rates. The paper explores whether there are alternatives to monetary policy and if they are effective. The paper researches which tool will reach the goals at a faster rate and looks at whether developed countries like the United States use monetary policy frequently. The paper uses the Federal Reserve as a case/example for the analysis presented.
Outline:
Introduction
The Money Creation Process
A Description of Monetary Policy
Macroeconomic Stability and Monetary Policy
Monetary Policy Efficiency
Business Operations and Monetary Policy
From the Paper
"Monetary policy is a tool utilized by policy makers to correct inflationary or recessionary gaps. The tools of monetary policy are used throughout an economy for other purposes; hence there are drawbacks to using it for macroeconomic stability. The issue that should not be trivialized is whether the marginal benefit from monetary policy exceeds the marginal cost of using the tools of monetary policy. If this true, then its best for policy makers to undertake the action, the contrary holds true."
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