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The Greek Foods Industry, 2005.
This study investigates the strategies required when expanding the Greek food industry into the emerging markets of southeast Europe and Russia.
5,200 words (approx. 20.8 pages), 23 sources, MLA, AU$ 157.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that food products from Greece are specialty and ethic delicacies in many of the Balkan countries and in Russia; however, the management styles employed by many of the Greek firms leave much to be desired. The author points out that Greek industries need to improve their strategies for business-to-business (B2B) operations and the customer relationship management (CRM). The paper stresses that failure of established companies in new markets often is not the result of poor product quality or performance, but rather the companies are using marketing and sales strategies that do not conform to the local ideas and values.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Literature Review
The Need for Diversification
Existing Conditions in Emerging Markets
Past Strategies for Entering Emerging Markets
Targeting and Understanding the Customer of Emerging Markets
Management and Worker Needs for Emerging Markets
Methodology
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The cost of products from Greece is not very much higher when compared to the other southeast European countries and Russia. The marketing infrastructure for foreign products is not very well developed and Greek companies wishing to do business in the region find partners and create alliances with local entrepreneurs. While Russia has opened its markets to foreign food products, government rules and sanctions still exist. Russia is a very large country and ensuring that products are distributed to all markets is practically impossible. As with any other industry having economies to scale in the food industry is also important."
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NATO?s War to Save Kosovo, 2005.
A look at NATO's involvement in the Kosovo conflict.
2,045 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper begins by introducing the functions of NATO and then discusses whether the Kosovo conflict was waged as effectively as it could have been. The paper then examines the reason the war was started, the way the war was planned and carried out, the thought that went into the attacks against Serbia. It looks at NATO's involvement in how it eventually ended and what the results were for both ethnic Albanians and Serbs.
Outline
Introduction to NATO
About the Kosovo Conflict: Was it Waged Effectively?
How the Seeds of the Kosovo War were Planted
The Allies and NATO Work Towards Defeating Milosevic
The Strategy used by NATO and the West to fight the Kosovo War
References
From the Paper
"The history of ethnic and political strife in the Balkan region defined as Albania-Greece-Macedonia-Yugoslavia-Kosovo is not a straight forward series of events to be able to discuss in a few minutes' conversation, but the reason for the war NATO waged against Serbia can be explained by following the actions of Serbian strong man, Slobodan Milosevic. Milosevic, whose regime, according to the authors in Winning Ugly: NATO's War to Save Kosovo, tried to rid Kosovo of ethnic Albanians, "created the largest forced exodus on the European continent since World War II" (6). The forced exodus of large numbers of ethnic Albanians was nothing new to this group, as the author points out (7), as Serbs lost control over Kosovo during World War I, and the nations of Serbia and Kosovo were combined to create Yugoslavia and tensions continued among Serbs, who hoped to regain control."
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Siberian-North American Bridge, 2005.
An in-depth research study regarding the feasibility of building a bridge across the Bering Strait.
7,150 words (approx. 28.6 pages), 22 sources, APA, AU$ 193.95
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Abstract
It has been suggested that, at least since the mid-1990s, there should be a bridge or tunnel connecting Siberia and North America, across the Bering Strait. From the Russian point of view, it would make the vast nation a trans-shipment point for the majority of the world's most valuable commodities as well as producer of some, including gas, oil, timber, diamonds, gold and fish. Secondly, it has been suggested that such a project would open tourism on both sides. This paper shows that problems that face any initiation of such a project range from the political to the geological. The result is, however, that these problems must be identified and dealt with before it would be feasible to even construct an economically advantageous scenario incorporating the eventual value of trade across such a structure and the cost to build and-perhaps even more cogently, considering climatic factors-maintain it. The factors contributive to a major feasibility study are identified and assessed.
Table of Contents
Chapter I: Introduction and Statement of the Problem
Chapter II: Review of the Literature: Research Questions
Socio-political Factors
Russia's Value to World Markets
Siberia: Still Out in the Cold
Resources to Exploit
Tourism
Timber
Oil
Gold
Diamonds
Fish
Chapter III: Methodology
Chapter IV: Findings
Geology
Cost projection
Chapter V: Discussion
References
Appendices
From the Paper
"In the years since the early post-Soviet era, Russia and the United States have been faced with choices new to their relationship. Russia grappled with deciding how close an alignment it wanted with the West. The United States needed to decide how strongly it should assert its power (Legvold, 2002, p. 21+). At least in the case of the United States, that choice was made clear by the Afghan and Iran wars. In addition, that choice has arguably altered the possibilities for Russia. Russia would have had to cut loose of its traditional fears. But "In contrast, if the United States makes a particular strategic choice, the effect on those relations could be major and negative, and the potential for a truly beneficial U.S.-Russian alliance may be lost" (Legvold, 2002, p. 21+). In the aftermath of the Iran war, in particular, it is hard to imagine that the promise of full cooperation has not been damaged severely, another factor which would put serious constraints on an accommodation on both sides that would allow a project as extensive as a Bering Strait connector infrastructure."
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The Russian-Chechen Conflict.
This paper discuses the Russian-Chechen conflict and evaluates if there is a way to resolve these conflict.
3,905 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 11 sources, APA, AU$ 129.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Russian-Chechen conflict is a direct brutal clash between the central authorities of a federal state Russia and a sub-national component Chechnya, which has been accorded the rights as per the constitution but demands to be an autonomous state or to have a non-federal relationships. The author points out that most of the Chechen combatants are extremists, who have completely lost their conscience to Islamic establishments and are probably linked to Al-Qaeda, having committed such terror acts as seizing citizens in a hospital in the southern Russian town of Budyonnovsk in 1995 and capturing a school in the North Ossetian town of Beslan in 2004, resulting in the death of more than 500 children. The paper concludes that (1) Chechnya is badly in need of a political solution since armed endeavors during the last nine years have not been fruitful, bringing the Chechen's to a more radical front and permitting the authority of Islamic fundamentalism to penetrate Caucasus and (2) the global society has to show solidarity against extremism because there is no justification, which can uphold the brutal aggression meted out by the Chechen insurgents.
Table of Contents
Describe the Conflict Situation
Define the Reasons for the Conflict
Determine Who if Anyone is at Fault and Why
Is there a Solution?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The September 11 2001 assaults by the Al Qaeda and the condition with the Moscow Theatre provided a better plea to Putin to safeguard his military activities in Chechnya. Currently, the Chechens have been member of the extremists and the battle with them is a component of the international battle on extremism. Prior to 11 Sept 2001, the global society were severe with Russia regarding the Chechen exigency, but thereafter following the assault on Moscow Theater they were inclined to be increasingly cooperative and sparing Russian activities. Gaining the notice of the Western media, the suicide bombings are a proof of Chechnya's instability and the dangers of permitting the insurgent Islamist crusade starting to gather foothold there to flourish."
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The Czech Republic.
This paper discusses the Czech Republic, especially the business environment for radiological products.
2,540 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 92.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that the greatest efforts of the country are now concentrated on adapting to the European Union through legislation, adopting changes in standards and procedures, and increasing transparency, which also should increase outside investments. The author points out that the Czechs have a distinct climate of corruption, especially in clerical and administrative services, and it is a method of negotiation with the administrators who are operating at higher levels. The paper relates that the area of radiology is well developed, the number of radiological treatments has increased 30 percent over the last ten years, and there are already quite a few suppliers of items like MRI in the country.
From the Paper
"The country and its government had gone through an extremely difficult period of two years after the revolution in the country took place. They had a distinct aim when the revolution occurred and to support these aims they also passed a large number of new laws. The study of the laws shows them to be very modern and useful to the society. The passing of these laws also show that the government in power distinctly has a desire to follow the laws and work in a manner similar to the governments that operate in the Western countries. The only problem that when these laws were passed, the nation was in a euphoria and this led to the whole process being completed done at a very high speed. This has left its mark in the inconsistencies and oversight in these laws. One of these laws has the name of Waste Act (No. 238/1991). The whole law is only to deal with efforts for the restriction of certain business activities like the import and export of waste."
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The European Union, 2004.
A brief overview of the structure of the European Union.
828 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the make up of the European Union. The paper explains that the structure of the European Union (EU) is based on 'pillars'. The central pillar of the European Community (EC) is at the heart of the system that contains the EU's governing institutions and performs the supranational functions. The paper claims that the EC pillar is flanked by two other pillars that perform the function of intergovernmental cooperation, Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and Justice and Home Affairs (JHA). A coordinating body called the European Council, which is the forum for the leaders of EU member governments, oversees all the three pillars.
From the Paper
"The EU institutions listed above are part of the European Community (EC) pillar. As stated in the introduction, there are two other "pillars" of the EU- Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and Justice and Home Affairs (JHA). The CFSP is a forum for discussing the foreign policy and security issues, while the JHA tackles issues such as combating crime, drug trafficking, and immigration policies. Over these three pillars stands the European Council that consists of heads of member states and governments and the President of the Commission, supported by the foreign ministers and one member of the Commission. It links the three pillars together and provides the central leadership role. ("Institutional Structure..." 2004) "
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The Cold War.
This paper discusses the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, an intricate relationship of ideological, political, and economic factors.
890 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Nuclear Age, the nuclear arms race, and the Cold War began simultaneously, even before the end of the World War II, when the United States and USSR were at the hub of reshaping the earlier Axis territories. The author explains that the military expenses of the Cold War were a great burden to both sides; for the Soviet Union, its vast military power and expense meant that its people resided in underprivileged conditions, and in the United States, the military expenses exhausted the capital and aptitude that could have been used for the private financial system. The paper relates that, as the conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union increased, it was apparent that the US had a definite technological advantage.
From the Paper
"The two countries were time and again disallowed from achieving a shared agreement on major policy matters due to the specific differences, like in the case of the Cuban missile emergency that brought them to the verge of war. (The Soviet Union and the United States) Many unfavorable situations were generated by the hostility during the Cold War. All through the world, the effects of the Cold War were spread out like radiations from the atmospheric nuclear tests in the 1940's, 1950's and 1960's. In the 1950's regarding the Soviet's 'war without borders' there were tensions in the US which resulted in the House Committee on Un-American activities attack on Communism in American culture."
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The E.U. Common Commercial Policy, 2004.
This paper discusses the commercial policy of the European Common Market, or the European Union, which made it more than just a free trade area.
1,780 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that one of the major aims of the European Union was the creation of a single market, amalgamating all the members of the European Union into a single entity, by defining a common commercial policy, reducing the economic difference between the rich and poor members of the European Union, and stabilizing the currencies of the E.U members. The author points out that the European Union, contributing 18% of the world's exports, is the world's largest exporter, which exceeds the United States and Japan, both of whom contribute 16% of the world's exports. The paper relates that there is controversy within the European Union pertaining to the difficulties that economically weaker countries face by the terms restricting the trade in services outside the European Union and the use of their more economical labor force to increase their trade outside the European Union.
From the Paper
"In addition, the framework of the World Trade Organization with its trade barrier regulations gives the facility to challenge any steps taken by the third world countries that run contrary to the spirit of the rules of balanced trade. The European Union has taken steps to make these measures more effective by reducing the time limit for taking such decisions and also reforming the decision making process in such a manner that makes it no longer possible for a few countries to stand against the will of the majority by blocking the implementation of retaliatory measures. Instruments for countering counterfeiting permit the stoppage of copied or pirated goods to be stopped at the border. In addition the European Union has made arrangements and negotiated agreements whereby the import of some sensitive items is restricted."
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The Cold War, 2004.
The paper discusses the geopolitics of the Cold War.
940 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that a specific movement in geopolitics of the Cold War begins after the 1945 Conference at Yalta where the Soviets and the Americans drew up specific agreements, which were designed to direct international affairs. It matters little what the accords were because Stalin immediately began violating the agreement. The author points out the idea behind the policy of detente was that rival blocs would increase diplomatic, commercial, and cultural contacts in an attempt to reduce tensions; however, the end of each detente period was marked by a specific and flagrant inequality that invariably led to additional hostilities, such as the invasion of Czechoslovakia by Communists and the erection of the Berlin Wall. The paper states that the eventual fall of communism was assumed to be caused by decades of geopolitical pressures by the Western powers, but the fall of Communism had as much to do with the nature of the ideology and its inevitable rejection by individuals seeking freedom.
Table of Contents
Cold War Periods
Detente
An Uneasy Truce
The Soviet Destruction
The Fall of Communism
From the Paper
"During the decades that the Cold War encompassed, anti-Communist world politicians were viewed as belligerent and bellicose and yet, the strength that was so vocally decried by various Soviet sympathizers around the world, eventually led to the destruction of one of the most tyrannical governments in recorded history. American nuclear power incensed Soviet leaders and left-leaning politicians around the world but for differing reasons. Soviet leaders understood that the great power the United States was amassing would be difficult if not impossible to overcome but sympathizers for the communist way of thinking viewed American nuclear power as the ultimate threat to world peace."
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Stalinism, 2004.
This paper discusses and rejects the belief that Stalinism was a more extreme form of Bolshevism.
1,050 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Stalinism and Bolshevism were mortal enemies. The author points out that, to those who argued that Stalin's tyranny grew naturally out of the Russian Revolution and the Bolsheviks' plans, the revolutionary leader Leon Trotsky rebuked that it was necessary for Stalin to liquidate the Bolshevik leadership of 1917 and systematically restructure the party to achieve his goals. The paper relates that Stalinism was not Bolshevism any more than it was any kind of socialism.
From the Paper
"Joseph Stalin became the leader of Russia after the death of Lenin in 1924. Stalin's dictatorship arose from the defeat of the Russian Revolution and the failure of revolution to catch on in more advanced capitalist countries in Europe. Stalinism is a term that describes the political and economic system implemented by Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union. Building on the foundations of Lenin, who led the Bolsheviks, Stalin expanded the centralized bureaucratic system of the Soviet Union during the 1930s. This system is largely perceived as an extreme system of totalitarianism, as Stalin slaughtered many people to achieve his goals."
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The Cold War: 1946-1960, 2004.
This paper discusses how the Cold War, a conflict based on diverse political ideologies, was mainly "fought" between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. in the years following the end of World War II.
4,315 words (approx. 17.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 138.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the central problem seems to have revolved around the desire of the West to liberate the states of Eastern Europe through democratic reforms and a capitalist economy; however, Joseph Stalin, the tyrannical leader of the Soviet Union, felt that he was entitled to rule the Eastern European countries that the Soviet Union had occupied during the war. The author points out the term ?Iron Curtain? meant that the West and the East were divided by an invisible barrier beginning in Berlin, Germany, a barrier based on political divisiveness and social agendas, which could only be penetrated by d?tente and threats, especially via the use and proliferation of atomic weapons. The paper relates that on December 20, 1950, former President Herbert Hoover stated, ?Americans have no reason for hysteria or loss of confidence in our security or our future, (for) within American security rests the future security of all mankind?; thereby, summing up the entire Cold War. The United States must persevere to guarantee that such atomic annihilation never occurs, even in a world filled with the possible horrors of uncontrolled technology.
From the Paper
"On January 10, 1946, the first General Assembly of the newly formed United Nations convened in London with U.S. Secretary of State James F. Byrnes leading the American delegation. In all, fifty-one nations, most of which were heavily involved in World War II and suffered millions of casualties, took part in this global meeting. The bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan was one of the prime reasons for this delegation, due to the realization of the immense power of atomic energy and its potential for misuse in the form of atomic weapons. On January 24, the U.N. agreed to an international Atomic Energy Commission that in essence would impose highly restrictive laws regarding atomic energy and its use in wartime as well as in peacetime. Some historians have recognized the development of this commission as the initial trigger for the Cold War, due to the fact that it ?placed the Soviet Union, while under the control of Josep Stalin, in a position of defending itself against preconceived enemies that wished to destroy the Communist/Socialist system.?"
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The European Monetary System, 2004.
An analysis of the European Monetary System (EMS).
1,170 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper defines and discusses in detail the concepts and ideas of the single European Market. The paper analyzes the European Monetary System (EMS). The paper explains that the EMS came about after several attempts to stabilize exchange rates among members of the European community. In time, the European Community developed a plan to introduce a single currency into the market, the Euro. The paper presents a literature review on this topic.
From the Paper
"According to a book entitled ?The European Monetary System and European Monetary Union? the single European Market is a product of what began as the European Community of 1978 (Fratianni and Von Hagen). The book explains that the European Monetary System (EMS) was designed to be a single European monetary system (Fratianni and Von Hagen). The authors assert that the EMS was designed in an effort to ?strengthen the coordination of monetary and economic policies among the members of the Community, to stabilize exchange rates, and to take a new step on the road of monetary unification in Europe (Fratianni and Von Hagen).?"
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?European Expansion and the Civilization of Modernity?, 2004.
An analysis of traditional and modern societies during the European expansion, through a review of ?European Expansion and the Civilization of Modernity? written by S. N. Elsenstadt.
723 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper examines modernism in Europe and the rise of socialism in non-Western societies. The paper reviews S. N. Elsenstadt's ?European Expansion and the Civilization of Modernity? and discusses Elsenstadt?s arguments regarding the changes in the European expansion in non-Western societies, from being modernist to socialist, even traditionalist, societies. The paper argues that the retardation of modernism in non-Western societies is not exactly the abrupt stoppage of the European expansion.
From the Paper
"?European expansion and the civilization of modernity? by S. N. Elsenstadt provides a through discussion and analysis of the dynamics concerning the European expansion, centering in particular on its effects in non-Western or Asian societies. Tracing the history of the European expansion from the emergence of industrialization to the development of capitalism in Western societies, the author seeks to determine what caused the seemingly contradicting development of the so-called ?expansionist? movement of modernization in Europe. That is, instead of spreading modernization and capitalism in Asian societies, what occurred was the rise of socialism, which is a new form of society that overturns the basic premises of capitalism-in effect, modernization."
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The Cold War, 2004.
This paper is about the historiography examining the origins of the Cold War.
2,535 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 21 sources, MLA, AU$ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the historiography of the origins of the Cold War passes through three chronologically defined and ideologically distinct phases, which can be called ?traditionalist?, ?revisionist?, and ?post-revisionist?. Each reflects the cultural and political attitudes prevailing in the wider Cold War context of the particular era in which it flourished. The author points out that some historians believe that power politics and strategic considerations were more important than ideology in determining Soviet policy and behavior; therefore, the Cold War resulted from a contest of great powers, not a conflict of ideologies, and both the United States and the Soviet Union bear responsibility for the origins of the Cold War. The paper relates that a new element, which reflects important trends in modern Cold War scholarship, concerns the personality of Stalin, the nature of authoritarian government, and the character and content of Communist ideology.
From the Paper
"From the end of the Second World War until the mid-1960s, the ?traditionalists? held the field with a standpoint that can be summarized as essentially pro-American/pro-Western and anti-Soviet. Essentially, such scholars held the Soviet Union responsible for the onset of the Cold War by undermining the Second World War alliance between East and West, increasing the level of military confrontation between Russia and America, and acting aggressively to promote the imposition and spread of Communism in Europe and elsewhere. It was thus argued that the United States was correct in its policy of containment towards the USSR and the Eastern Bloc, and that the American position was essentially a defensive one forced upon it by the hostility and aggression of the Communist East."
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Romanian Christianity, 2004.
Examines how Christianity is linked with Romania's history, culture, and national identity.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the history of Christianity in the county of Romania, beginning with the arrival of St. Andrew around the 1st century AD, who left a colorful legacy of Christian belief, doctrine, and even mythos in his wake. The paper discusses how Christianity is embedded in Romanian national identity and how the religion withstood years of Communist oppression.
From the Paper
"Despite the overwhelming fears and destructiveness of the icon-breaking Communist governments, and the despotic rulers of other times the faith and the strength of the nation, as a self-defined Christian country is unflagging, and the new generations, unlike many other post-colonial populations, see Christianity in their future, rather than simply as a quaint part of their cultural past."
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The Conflict in Chechnya, 2004.
An analysis of the Chechen conflict.
2,487 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and analyzes the topic of Chechnya. Specifically, it discusses the Chechen conflict with Russia, including how it started and when, along with the causes, effects, main events and attacks, and a current perspective on events in Chechnya today. It discusses how Chechnya has always desired independence from Russia and continues to fight for its freedom today. The tiny country has not been able to shed Russian influence and government, but it has evolved into a world political crisis that has affected thousands of Chechen civilians and continues to cause strife and violence today.
From the Paper
"Chechnya is a Soviet Republic that declared independence from Russia in 1991. However, Russia's leaders refused to acknowledge Chechnya's independence, and instead sent in troops to subdue the Chechens. They withdrew when they met armed Chechens ready to defend their country, but the current conflict had its beginnings in these events in 1991, which escalated to full-scale war by 1994. However, the roots of the problems between Chechnya and Russia go much, much deeper than the current crisis."
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