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Russian and U.S. Economies, 2000.
A description and comparison of the health of national economies, as of April, 1999.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 69.95
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From the Paper
"Introduction
Since the mid-1980s, the economic system in the former Soviet Union has ostensibly moved toward a more open and capitalistic system. The implementation of capitalism has met with varying degrees of success in the various states which have emerged from the former Soviet Union. In Russia, the once centrally planned economy gave way to markets which were much more open, but the results of those open markets was decidedly mixed. As the Russian economy has encountered problems in recent years, there have been calls for a return to an economic system which is more planned than that which currently exists. This research examines the economic systems of Russia and the United States as a new millenium begins.
The Economic Environment in Russia
In general, Russia..."
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War In the FormerYugoslavia, 2000.
An analysis of the historical, political, cultural and regional causes of war in late 1990s in Bosnia.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 46.95
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Abstract
Yugoslavia was a nation under the Soviet sphere of influence, yet it was largely an artificial nation made up of entities that did not get along and that tried to divide up the region once the threat of Soviet force was removed.
From the Paper
"Yugoslavia was a nation under the Soviet sphere of influence, yet it was largely an artificial nation made up of entities that did not get along and that tried to divide up the region once the threat of Soviet force was removed. The current ethnic conflict in what was formerly Yugoslavia has roots that extend far back into history. The ethnic groups in the region have long been divided by cultural differences, religion, and language. Efforts to unify the region failed until after World War I, when the impetus to come together increased for economic and security reasons. Yet, the state that emerged was always tenuous because the union did not satisfy the needs of all the groups equally. The former Yugoslavia is perhaps the most unstable of all the former Soviet satellite states, and even though the direct attack on Kosovo was stopped by U.N. forces..."
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Ottoman Empire And Balkan Conflicts, 2000.
An examination of the history, development, conquests, contributions and decline of the Empire and its relevance to ethnic and territorial conflicts in late 20th century politics, economics, extreme nationalism and leadership.
5,400 words (approx. 21.6 pages), 22 sources, AU$ 198.95
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Abstract
This research paper examines the relevance of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans to contemporary current conflicts and tensions in that region. Because of the nature and long duration of Ottoman rule in the Balkans, the Ottoman Empire left deep and longlasting effects on the nations which today make up the Balkan peninsula
From the Paper
"Ottoman Empire And Currebt Balkan Conflicts
This research paper examines the relevance of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans to contemporary current conflicts and tensions in that region. Because of the nature and long duration of Ottoman rule in the Balkans, the Ottoman Empire left deep and longlasting effects on the nations which today make up the Balkan peninsula. In some respects and especially during the first several centuries of Ottoman rule, its legacy was conducive to the maintenance of order, prosperity and ethnic and religious toleration. However, certain facets of Ottoman policy and practice, which intensified as its Empire declined and its hold over the Balkans weakened, also contributed to the stunting of the area's political, economic and intellectual growth, and the development and the exacerbation of deep-seated ethno-religious..."
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U.S. Involvement in Bosnia in the 1990s, 2000.
An examination of the evolution of American diplomatic, political and military action, strategies, alliances and role of Presidents.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 10 sources, AU$ 151.95
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Abstract
This research paper traces the evolution of American involvement in and international strategy toward Bosnia during the period beginning with the outbreak of war among indigenous forces there in early 1992 and continuing to the present time
From the Paper
"U.S. Involvement in Bosnia During the 1990s
This research paper traces the evolution of American involvement in and international strategy toward Bosnia during the period beginning with the outbreak of war among indigenous forces there in early 1992 and continuing to the present time.
Outline
1. 1991-1992. The United States failed to develop an effective international strategy for coping with the disintegration of Yugoslavia and the war in Bosnia in large part because after the Cold War, its senior policy makers during the Bush administration did not view the United States as having any vital national interests involved in that conflict and, was therefore, determined to leave the diplomatic initiative for its..."
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Stalin and Economics, 2000.
An examination of the Soviet dictator's application of Marxist theory to economic planning, development, industrialization and politics.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, AU$ 69.95
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Abstract
"Joseph Stalin was not a theorist. But he was a consummate politician and in the 1920s Marxist-Leninist theoretical grounding was a primary mode of legitimation for those who aspired to leadership of the Russian Communist Party.
From the Paper
"Joseph Stalin was not a theorist. But he was a consummate politician and in the 1920s Marxist-Leninist theoretical grounding was a primary mode of legitimation for those who aspired to leadership of the Russian Communist Party. Stalin was, therefore, always able to elucidate an appropriate theoretical pedigree for whatever he believed was the best course for the new nation or, not incidentally, for his own political ends. Stalin's first Five Year Plan -- adopted, modified, and approved between September 1928 and April 1929 -- was just such a course of action. Having achieved power Stalin's choice of the Five Year Plan was a radical departure from his previously stated intentions. But, like his other politically adroit changes of direction on economic policy, the Plan received in its turn the sanction of Marxist-Leninist thinking as interpreted or applied..."
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Slovenia: Politics, 1989-1998, 1999.
Discusses the political transformation of this republic once part of Yugoslavia. Examines its population, independence, organization, parties, leadership, elections and democracy.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 93.95
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Abstract
This research paper discusses the political transformation in Slovenia since the end of the Cold War and the disintegration of the former Yugoslavia in 1991. Slovenia rapidly achieved independence and established a multiparty democracy
From the Paper
"POLITICAL CHANGES IN SLOVENIA SINCE 1989
Introduction
This research paper discusses the political transformation in Slovenia since the end of the Cold War and the disintegration of the former Yugoslavia in 1991. Slovenia rapidly achieved independence and established a multiparty democracy. It was able to do so largely because of its economic strength and resources, its relative ethnic homogeneity and its distance from the major wars that have devastated the former Yugoslavia. Free and fair elections have been held. Its politics since the Cold War have been dominated by a left-of-center coalition of social democratic parties, but, recently, its coalition government has included center-right and rightist parties, following the resurgence of rightist sentiment in the mid-1990s. Although Slovenia has had ..."
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The Fall Of The Soviet Union, 1999.
Examines reasons for the 1991 Soviet collapse, communist ideology, global, economic, political and social challenges for successor states, nationalistic and ethnic ferment.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 18 sources, AU$ 139.95
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Abstract
This research paper discusses various aspects of the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, including the reasons why the communist system and ideology in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) failed, the legacy bequeathed by communism to the successor states which emerged, the political, economic and social challenges that arose in those states and how those states responded to those challenges.
A number of inter-related factors led to the disintegration of the Soviet system and empire, including the woeful inadequacy of the totalitarian police state, dogmatic communist ideology and centralized planned economy which evolved after the Russian Revolution of 1917
From the Paper
"SOVIET SUCCESSOR STATES
This research paper discusses various aspects of the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, including the reasons why the communist system and ideology in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) failed, the legacy bequeathed by communism to the successor states which emerged, the political, economic and social challenges that arose in those states and how those states responded to those challenges.
A number of inter-related factors led to the disintegration of the Soviet system and empire, including the woeful inadequacy of the totalitarian police state, dogmatic communist ideology and centralized planned economy which evolved after the Russian Revolution of 1917 in preparing the Soviet Union to meet the requirements of the late 20th century, international developments ..."
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Jewish Migration To Romania, 1999.
A historical overview including language, Sephardim and Ashkenazi Jews, settlement and treatment.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 34.95
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Abstract
A historical overview including language, Sephardim and Ashkenazi Jews, settlement and treatment. Jews reportedly existed in the Central European region known as Romania in larger numbers as early as the first and second centuries.
From the Paper
"The historical origins of Jews in Romania cannot be pinpointed with any degree of accuracy. At present, Jews make up only a small fraction of Romania's minority population. However, Jews reportedly existed in the Central European region known as Romania in larger numbers as early as the first and second centuries.
Romania is situated in the southeast of Europe, resting on the northern part of the Balkan Peninsula. Beyond the Carpathia mountain range, which covers about one-third of the country, are extensive plains sustained by the Danube river and its tributaries. It was not until the mid-nineteenth century, almost two thousand years after its history began, that Romania became an almost unified and independent country. The intervening period was characterized by long periods of rule by various ..."
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History Of the Kosovo Crisis, 3rd Century B.C.-1999, 1999.
Examines its historical, cultural and political origins, potential for Balkan destabilization and a wider war, the parties involved, nationalism, leaders, issues, the break-up of Yugoslavia and settlement.
8,550 words (approx. 34.2 pages), 34 sources, AU$ 198.95
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From the Paper
"KOSOVO CRISIS OF 1998-1999 AND ITS RAMIFICATIONS
This research paper traces the origins and course of the current dispute in Kosovo and discusses its potential for destabilizing further the Balkans, including the possibility of a wider war in the region, and ways in which tensions there might be heightened or reduced.
The roots of the conflict in Kosovo lie deeply embedded in the histories of the Albanian and Serbian peoples, especially during the occupation of the region by the Ottoman Empire, and tensions and conflicts between them, primarily of an ethno-religious nature, which intensified at periodic intervals during the late 19th and 20th centuries. Those tensions and conflicts have been greatly accentuated by the rise of Serbian ultranationalism after the collapse of communist Yugoslavia and ..."
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"The Radical Worker In Tsarist Russia" ( Ivanovich Kanatchikov ), 1999.
Reviews the autobiography of a peasant's political radicalization in early the 20th Century.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, AU$ 69.95
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From the Paper
"THE WORKER AS RADICAL
In the autobiography of Ivanovich Kanatchikov, A Radical Worker in Tsarist Russia, Kanatchikov is radicalized by his work experience. He lives at a time of major change as many of the peasant class who worked the farms were being transferred by circumstances and economic change to urban factories where the work was very different. The radicalization of this worker takes place as he moves from the rural to the urban region, from farm work to factory work, from a state of political apathy to a state of political concern, and from worker to radical.
Kanatchikov's early life is in the rural regions, and there is no indication that this was some sort of ideal life later changed by the harshness of the factories. The life of the peasant was no better and perhaps worse than that of the factory ..."
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Economic Transition In China And Russia, 1999.
Examines and compares economic and political liberalization in nations once purely communistic.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 151.95
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Abstract
Both Russia and China have experienced radical economic, social and political change in recent years, characterized by a previously nonexistent warming in attitude toward the philosophies of capitalism and democracy in each country. At one point Russia and China's institutions were fully based on communistic principles.
From the Paper
"Introduction:
Both Russia and China have experienced radical economic, social and political change in recent years, characterized by a previously nonexistent warming in attitude toward the philosophies of capitalism and democracy in each country. At one point Russia and China's institutions were fully based on communistic principles. The difference between absolute communism and absolute capitalism, though vast and varied in consequence, really boils down to property rights.
Quite simply, the privileges of ownership are accompanied by the powers to set prices, form incentives and determine resource allocation (Carson, part 1, 168). Both countries have now evolved into more market-based systems. In some respects their paths have run parallel. In others, the course has been ..."
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Immigration and Human Rights, 1999.
Examines the relationship in a global context, legal, ethical and religious issues, politics, anti-immigrant bias and abuse, the situation in the U.S., examples, refugees and asylum-seekers.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 9 sources, AU$ 116.95
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Abstract
Immigration has been on the American national agenda for some time, with many complaining that immigration is out of hand and that limitations on immigration are needed. One issue is whether too many people are coming from certain regions of the world, or whether those who are coming are sufficiently prepared to take their place in the American economic system.
From the Paper
"INTRODUCTION
Immigration has been on the American national agenda for some time, with many complaining that immigration is out of hand and that limitations on immigration are needed. One issue is whether too many people are coming from certain regions of the world, or whether those who are coming are sufficiently prepared to take their place in the American economic system. Internationally, the immigration picture is even more difficult, with many immigrants moving from one place to another to escape war, persecution, and economic devastation. Immigration is usually treated as a political issue, certainly a domestic political issue for the country receiving large numbers of refugees or immigrants, but also as an international political issue because it affects how contiguous countries behave toward one another. Immigration ..."
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Fall Of The Russian Ruble, 1999.
Causes of the devaluation of the currency, banking, politics and the weakness of the government's response.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 7 sources, AU$ 93.95
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Abstract
The causes of the devaluation of the ruble as a world currency are myriad, many of them deriving from incidents that happened on or around October 11, 1994, known in International Monetary Fund circles as "Black Tuesday." On that day, the ruble lost almost 25% of its value, closing at 3.926 to the dollar, its lowest value ever.
From the Paper
"INTERNATIONAL BANKING AND FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES IN RUSSIA
The causes of the devaluation of the ruble as a world currency are myriad, many of them deriving from incidents that happened on or around October 11, 1994, known in International Monetary Fund circles as "Black Tuesday." On that day, the ruble lost almost 25% of its value, closing at 3.926 to the dollar, its lowest value ever. Only two days later, it recovered, climbing 20% to 2.994 to the dollar. However, the political backlash lingered long after the one-day ruble shock. The causes behind the crisis are also of far more concern than the event itself (Rose, 1998, 11).
One of the central causes of the crisis was politicking in the bureaucracy. The tight (for Russia) fiscal and monetary policies which had successfully brought inflation down to ..."
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Crises In Russia In 1998, 1999.
Examines the major political shake-ups, Yeltsin's appointments and struggle with State Duma, the economic crisis and the U.S. policy.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 46.95
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Abstract
"Critics of the transformation of Russia point to a number of current problems they attribute to capitalism, such as rampant organized crime, official corruption, inability to pay members of the armed forces, a high unemployment rate, and high prices for certain goods.
From the Paper
"Critics of the transformation of Russia point to a number of current problems they attribute to capitalism, such as rampant organized crime, official corruption, inability to pay members of the armed forces, a high unemployment rate, and high prices for certain goods. Many of these problems might have developed in any case. At the same time, in spite of these problems, it would seem that the move to a capitalist economy is not likely to change unless the masses become even more disenchanted with the system than they are now. The communists tried to appeal to voter discontent in the recent election and failed. The people may decry aspects of the new market economy, but they are still dedicated both to reform and to stability. Continuing down the road to reform is seen as a way of maintaining stability, and any change in direction is seen as dangerous. Capitalism in some form ..."
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The Russian Economic Crisis Of the 1990s, 1999.
Examines causes, domestic & global effects, threat of debt default, politics, reform, trade, foreign investment, ruble, banking, hedge funds.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 13 sources, AU$ 151.95
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Abstract
The possible default of Russia on her debt has precipitated a crisis around the world, and coming at the same time as the Asian crisis, this may be a devastating second-tier of financial woe with effects far from Moscow.
From the Paper
"INTRODUCTION
The possible default of Russia on her debt has precipitated a crisis around the world, and coming at the same time as the Asian crisis, this may be a devastating second-tier of financial woe with effects far from Moscow. The Russian crisis has already affected investment in certain hedge funds and has frightened a number of analysts who realize what more could happen if the crisis is not resolved. Many Americans see Russia as far away and not related to American interests since the downfall of the Soviet threat, but this is not the case. The Russian crisis has already had an effect on the American economy and may have an even greater one. This may or may not be an argument for bailing Russia out, but it is certainly cause for some concern."
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Change In Europe: 200-800 A.D., 1999.
An overview of developments in politics, economics, religion, culture and world views; with a focus on the Roman Empire and Christianity.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper will discuss the driving force of change in Europe from 200 to 800 AD. The main emphasis of this paper will be that change was the most significant force in Europe during this time period, rather than continuity.
From the Paper
"Change in Europe: 200 to 800 AD
This paper will discuss the driving force of change in Europe from 200 to 800 AD. The main emphasis of this paper will be that change was the most significant force in Europe during this time period, rather than continuity.
In 200 AD, the Roman Empire had reached its zenith in terms of geographical area. In the south, Roman influence and control extended to the southern regions of what is now Algeria. In the east, the garrison town at Dura-Europos overlooked the Euphrates River. And in the north, the Roman army had established an outpost in Scotland. These outlying points marked the vague boundaries of the Empire, and the furthest reaches of Roman culture. Roman culture and society defined the world within these boundaries (Brown 11-12)."
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