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Controlling Urban Congestion, 2007.
This paper provides an analysis of data from London, Stockholm, and New York City in order to discuss variable pricing as a means for controlling urban congestion.
2,615 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 114.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that roadway congestion is a significant problem for nations with an active motorist population, especially in urban areas. The writer points out that traditional efforts to combat congestion have typically focused on increasing capacity through increases in roadway infrastructure. The writer then claims that research has shown, however, that these methods are ultimately ineffective for controlling congestion and its associated ills. Economists have long seen the value in associating usage costs with roadways in order to control congestion and encourage more efficient resource use. The writer relates that with technology finally catching up to this ideal, roadway-pricing schemes are becoming more popular in cities throughout the world. The writer concludes that a consideration of the pros and cons of pricing strategies implemented in London and Stockholm, and proposed in New York City, reveals that while there is still significant political and public resistance, the strategies are effective at achieving their stated goals.
Outline:
Introduction
The Myriad Negative Effects of Persistent Congestion
Why Congestion Continues Despite Increased Expenditures on Highway Infrastructure
Variable Congestion Pricing as a Viable Solution
Schemes to Alleviate the Problem of Urban Congestion
London: a System at Work
Stockholm: a Seven-Month Experiment Ready for Implementation
New York City: Public and Political Resistance
Schemes for Controlling Roadway Congestion
Analysis of the Costs and Benefits
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Congestion, both in urban centers and on connecting highways, has become a major problem for the transportation networks of cities throughout the world. In the world's major metropolises, the issue has become particularly acute, with congestion having profound negative effects on air quality, travel time, the cost of goods and services, and the general livability of cities. Congestion problems are literally becoming a liability for these cities. As the pressure of congestion increases, the capacity of a given city to function effectively is greatly diminished, resulting in hidden and overt costs for individuals, businesses, and public resources. The net effect, then, of congestion has been consistently deleterious."
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A Writing Timeline, 2007.
This paper examines a website that proposes a method of teaching students to write more effectively.
1,119 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the teaching of writing to students and analyzes a website set up by a teacher that details her timeline method of teaching students to become more effective and successful writers. The paper shows how the writing website provides teachers with a step-by-step method for helping students learn to write more effectively. The paper approves of the timeline that divides the writing assignments up into smaller steps so that students do not become overwhelmed.
From the Paper
"Teaching students to write is one of the most important duties that a teacher is charged with. Written communication skills are a vital part of education, employment and other aspects of life. It is rated so highly in the field of education that many states require that public school students go through a writing assessment at various grade levels for the purpose of assessing the writing lessons and curriculum(Barenbaum, 1988)."
"Teachers are constantly on the lookout for lesson plans or ideas that will help teach writing skills to their students."
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Transnational Crime, 2007.
This paper discusses globalization and the rise in transnational crime.
823 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 43.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that transnational crimes have increased steadily since the advent of the Internet, as many crimes can be done from half way around the world with the click of a mouse. The paper discusses how transnational crimes cause problems in three specific areas and looks at the steps that can be taken to reduce its occurrence.
Outline:
Introduction
Growth of Globalized Crime
Four Legal Traditions
From the Paper
"Globalization for the most part, has provided a positive new dimension to life. People can chat with others around the world, cultural diversity is being shared on a global business level and parts of the world that used to live in fear of each other now know they have little to fear. With the positive aspects of globalization however, come some negative ones including increased transnational crime(The Explosive Growth of Globalized Crime http://usinfo.state.gov/journals/itgic/0801/ijge/gj01.htm)."
"Transnational crime is committed in literally thousands of ways. Some examples of transnational crime include the shipment into the US of the drug Ecstasy, being manufactured in the Netherlands, computer viruses being sent worldwide from one office in the Philippines and large US banks discovering that they have been used in large Russian money laundering operations."
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Apple Computers, 2007.
A discussion of the strategic initiatives at Apple that helped turn it into one of the most innovative and profitable companies in the world.
1,076 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that the rejuvenation of Apple is directly attributable to three strategic areas becoming more effective. The first is the transformation of their operations systems, the second is the greatly intensified focus on product development and the third is the renewed emphasis on their distribution strategies. The paper also notes that underscoring these strategic initiatives is the vision and passion of one of the company's founders, Steve Jobs.
Outline:
How Apple Transformed its Operations Systems
Intensified Focus on Product Development and Innovation
Transforming Distribution Channels through Order Management
From the Paper
"The underlying system components that Apples' Operation Systems rely on for keeping demand from all selling channels in coordination to supply chain systems is their global distributed order management system, direct selling forecasting system, indirect selling forecasting system, pricing management system, and services system that handles both music-based and computer-based or Macintosh systems. The integration of all these systems is at the distributed order management hub within Apple's manufacturing centers which gives Apples' retailers real-time status of their orders."
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Business Security, 2007.
This paper discusses whether a single security director should control both traditional security and information technology security.
2,265 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 103.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the difference between physical security and digital/logical security. The paper explains the role of the traditional security director and the difficulties of setting up systems that are not tangible compared to setting up perimeter fences or deploying security guards across the facility. The paper examines arguments for and against a single security director. The paper concludes that the executive management is the sole determining group for whether security should be with two people or just one person. The paper is of the opinion that the current trend of having one person trained in both areas makes good business sense and will ensure a total security posture.
From the Paper
"In the days before the ubiquity of the computers and the Internet, security was confined to physical, personnel, communications and operations of a business enterprise or an infrastructure. The security director is the overall in charge of ensuring that barriers, locks and other mechanical devices are properly used to control access to the facility. Personnel are briefed and lectured on protecting themselves within the corporate premises and when they are out of the office. They are warned about corporate espionage, criminal elements and other nefarious individuals or organizations that can do harm to their persons or the company."
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Office 2007 vs. 2003, 2007.
This paper analyzes Microsoft's Office 2007 in comparison to Office 2003.
985 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 50.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer compares Office 2007 to Office 2003 for business use. The writer maintains that it is important for the company to upgrade to Office 2007 due to unique enhancements that will greatly increase productivity. The writer notes that although Office 2003 is a fairly robust application, business needs faster and more reliable performance from its tools. In addition, the writer points out that the new version supports collaboration tools that can allow different departments to work together more efficiently. The writer concludes that Office 2007 is more intuitive, more scalable, and creates more opportunities for business.
Outline:
Main Features
Office 2007 Components
Compatibility
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Office 2007 also includes new server-side tools such as Groove and SharePoint Server 2007. These applications feature collaboration and communication capabilities that allow multiple users to interact on various projects."
"Office 2007 also supports a new document format called Office OpenXML. This new format allows third-party applications to easily read and create Office 2007 files using the popular XML format. Files created using OpenXML can also get up to 75% compression than previous Office versions."
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Google, 2007.
An analysis of Google's status as a cult brand.
812 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper aims to validate the attainment of Google as a cult brand. It relies on several analytical frameworks and constructs to illustrate how Google has created a brand that has attained cult status. The paper looks at Google's website design, content generation and organization strategies, usability and navigation and speed of downloads to explain its attainment of cult status.
Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
Evaluating Google's Branding Equity
Analysis of Models
From the Paper
"The second model that is used to evaluate Google's brand equity is one based on the network perspective. The network perspective, which takes a broader view of the firm, (Chetty & Patterson 2002) define brand equity as extending beyond the economic tangible benefits, to include intangible and often utilitarian in approach and scope. A key shortcoming of this model is that it has an incomplete view of the consumer in a B2C branding scenario and as a result is best used in the context of only B2B branding strategies (Van Durme et al. 2003).
The third framework applied to Google's brand equity is the relations marketing (RM) model, which defines the value of brand equity as a function of the global competitiveness across comparable networks and customers' adoption and reliance on the brand. The RM model also focuses on the reciprocal nature of branding, which for Google includes free e-mail, office automation, and web acceleration products. This reciprocal nature of Google exemplifies the RM model from a networking and relationships standpoint (Fournier 1998). The RM Model is also attributed with brand loyalty and the development of cult brands due to its highly reciprocal nature and the fact that many of the most brand-loyal customers define themselves by the brands they buy and support. This model also supports the contributory role of marketing communications in strengthening a brand over time (Morgan & Hunt 1994)."
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Internet Cafe in India, 2007.
This paper discusses opening an Internet cafe in India.
4,153 words (approx. 16.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 163.95
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Abstract
The many factors that must be taken into account before opening an Internet service cafe in India are the subject of this paper. Specifically focusing on the market size, resources, regulations and risk of opening and operating an Internet cafe in India, this paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each. These specific factors are evaluated in the context of creating a new venture which has as its strategic objective the delivery of Internet access to the millions of Indian residents who are increasingly relying on the Internet as a communication and learning medium. The writer concludes that it is clear that setting up an Internet cafe in India is a very risky strategy that does not clearly have a solid growth future associated with it given the major limitations of Internet service providers (ISPs) becoming competitors and increasingly complicated regulatory compliance demands.
Outline:
Introduction
Country
Analysis - Country Evaluation
Market Size
Advantages
Disadvantages
Resources
Regulations and Procedures
Conclusion
From the Paper
"74% of India's Internet users are from the Global High Income segment, and 22% are from the Global Middle Income segment. This is excellent news for anyone looking to provide Internet services in the India, especially if the company proposing the services is from another nation. Kumar found that the highest income segment of the Indian population has a high willingness to purchase products and services from global suppliers. This is in marked contrast to the largest and poorest income segments of India, which have a marked distrust of any foreign brands. This lack of trust has contributed to the continued high tariffs on infrastructure providers, which has hampered the growth of certain industries. Yet in the context of creating an Internet access provider business, the highest income Indians will find this a useful service. The aspiring aspects of the highest income segment having this as a service will permeate the global Middle Income segment eventually. The result will be an aspirational approach to consumption on services and foreign-produced and purchased products as the elite income segment of India can readily afford to do."
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Computer Crime, 2007.
This paper discusses crimes based on the use of computers and looks at the issue of cyber crimes.
1,087 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 55.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that computer crime can be classified into two categories: crimes that use the computer as the primary instrument for felonies like identity theft or piracy; and crimes that use the computer and its related systems as the target such as systems hacking or viruses. For clarification, the definition of computer crime should focus more clearly on the crimes that directly involve computers and their systems as targets. The writer notes that as increasing numbers of people become computer literate, the digital universe becomes saturated with malicious users who seek to commit any number of offenses ranging from child pornography web rings to identity theft to hacking to acts of terror. The writer concludes that combating computer crimes will require aggressive efforts and sensible legislation.
From the Paper
"Cybercrime, like terrorism, crosses international boundaries. A British man was recently busted for trying to hack into the FBI's computer systems, one of many examples of why computer crimes need to be investigated and dealt with differently than other types of crime. However, remote access to closed and secure systems is nearly impossible to arrange. Most sensitive data stored by government agencies or private corporations is not kept on servers that are connected to the Internet. Although Hollywood might make it seem that an eight-year old kid with a PC can hack into the CIA's database, in reality such crimes are almost impossible to commit. Ex-employees, however, and disgruntled current employees can wreak enormous havoc. These inside jobs are of particular concern for all organizations with sensitive data."
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Software Testing In The Product Life Cycle, 2007.
A research analysis of the place of software testing in the development and life-cycle of a software product.
4,289 words (approx. 17.2 pages), 12 sources, MLA, AU$ 166.95
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Abstract
This paper aims to provide an overview of software testing throughout the development and life-cycle of a software product. It focuses on the need for testing and how testing fits into the software development life-cycle. The paper presents a research component that analyzes how to formulate a software testing strategy prior to deploying and releasing a software product.
Table of Contents:
Definitions and Terms in the Research
Objective
Introduction
Software Testing Overview
Purpose of Software Testing Categories
Life-cycle Phase Testing Categories
Software Testing Tools
Test Automation Overview
Product Life Cycle Test Automation
Product Life Cycle
Application Test Tools
Classic Testing Mistakes
Developing a Team of Testers is Key in Software Development and Testing
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The introduction of technology and features being developed in the rapid action which this occurs and to, at the same time, make improvement to the quality of the product and as well to respond to the issues of customers in product development is quite an initiative to undertake. Driving development and quality assurance of software are the technology market which is characterized by an extremely fast past and the revisions are released just as quickly. While quality is considered to be important in the high-tech marketplace new and robust features are considered even more important. (Ben-Yaacov and Gazlay, 2001) Four key measurements of the software product quality have been identified to be the technology, features, freedom from bugs and responsive support. (Ben-Yaacov and Gazlay, 2001)"
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Online Securities Trading, 2007.
This paper discusses the issues associated with securities trading via the Internet.
1,865 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 87.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the combined effects of financial services companies striving to drop the cost of providing customer service and the significant rise in individual investors' interest in taking control of their own investments continues to increase the use of online securities trading. Further, the writer points out that many individual investors rely on the Internet as a means of learning as much as they can about specific investments before executing a stock or bond trade online, and this factor alone is changing the landscape of financial services. The writer discusses that financial services firms are walking a fine line between automating transactions by putting powerful investment tools in the hands of individual investors, while at the same time educating them of the financial benefits of long-term investing. The writer concludes that individual investors have more control over their funds than ever before, yet with that freedom comes a high level of responsibility to make sure the advice, applications and tools they gain access from financial services firms are in fact the best match with their investment needs.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Technological Implications of Online Trading
The Ethics of Enabling Online Trading
Online Trading as a Service Strategy: Inevitable?
Assessing Online Trading and the Individual Investor
Improvements for Online Trading as a Self-Service Strategy
Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Financial Services firms are pursuing a wide variety of online services strategies to reduce the cost per transaction, and this cost reduction strategy is creating a series of Web-based applications that have rich functionality and features previously only brokers had available. The costs of having individual investors speak with investment representatives is significantly higher than having the question respond to or transaction completed online. As a result of the cost reduction benefits of these online strategies, financial services firms are adopting them for all segments of customers. This technological shift to online investment advice and transaction tools is being influenced by the major unmet needs of individual investors for expertly-written content on the one hand and greater control over their investments on the other. Financial services firms segment their customer bases by their net worth and projected lifetime customer value, and the lowest-value customers are routed to Web-enabled suites of applications and content portals. Those customers that have the potential of generating a higher lifetime value for the financial services firm, and as a result they are provided a higher level of service including a dedicated account representative. This segmented approach to delivering service is proving to be profitable for financial services firms."
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YouTube, 2007.
An analysis of the reasons behind the impact of YouTube on Hong Kong television and communication.
2,061 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the 2006 invention of the year, according to Time Magazine - YouTube. It discusses the reasons for YouTube's popularity and describes, very briefly, how it works. The paper then focuses on YouTube's impact on Hong Kong television and communication and the reasons for this impact. It sites examples of how YouTube has been used to impact communication and society.
From the Paper
"Summarizing all the conclusions and the examples above, one could launch the following theory: thanks to websites like YouTube which have converted the Internet into a mass communication channel due to the significant number of viewers, people (the masses) are the ones who set the public agenda in order to solve the social problems they are confronted with. This theory may be easily demonstrated by the Hong Kong Bus Uncle case. Because of the high attention that the incident received from the public, traditional media turned the respective quarrel into a front-page subject. Thus, two main Hong Kong TV channels - TVB and Cable TV mentioned it among the primordial evening news while RTHK placed the protagonist (Chen) on the second position within the framework of the "Person of the Year" contest. The topic was also emphasized by newspapers and several journalists expressed their thoughts with reference to the reasons justifying Chen's outburst. For instance, editorialist To Kit clearly emphasized that one of the main motives was the "underlying social tension" while Dr. Lee Sing who was quoted earlier highlighted the significant quotidian stress that Hong Kongers must endure (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Bus_Uncle). Journalist DeGolyer even implied that: "The Bus Uncle reaction was rightly taken as a clear warning indicator that Hong Kongers teeter on the cusp of exploding. The government moved to cut the work week for civil servants and to raise their wages and urged businesses to do the same in the private sector. Contract workers are now being transitioned into full civil servants. Minimum wage legislation is, for the first time, being seriously discussed" (DeGolyer, 2007)."
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Computer Forensics, 2007.
A review of the relatively new profession of computer forensics.
2,363 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at computer forensics. According to the paper, computer forensics is one of the new professions that resulted from the ubiquitous use of computers and the Internet. The paper reports that computer forensics professionals are the modern-day centurions or praetorian guards that ensure the continued use of new and emerging information technologies.
Table of Contents:
The "New Kid on the Block"
A Discipline for Crime Detection and Data Restoration
The Methodology and its Application
Identification of the Source
Preservation of the Evidence
Analysis of the Evidence
Presentation of the Findings
The Future Arts and Science
From the Paper
"The discipline of computer forensics can be called both an art and a science. An art because like programmers and hardware developers, they can add elegance and form to how they go about doing their jobs - and by putting "their personal touch" to it they leave an important legacy for others to follow. It is a science because computer forensics expert go to the same scientific methodology in determining the outcome of their work. The process is well defined and controlled so as not to leave any doubt as to the integrity of the work. "The scope of computer forensics covers a wide field, which continues to grow as computer technology proliferates its way into every aspect of modern life. The base of computer forensics is recovering data from floppy disks, hard drives, and removable drive cartridges. Recovering data can be just finding it among the active files. Often, it will also include searching the media for files that have been deleted and been listed as unallocated space. When dealing with someone, who is actively attempting to hide information, scouring media space the operating system has registered as free or corrupted. (Potaczala, 2001)"
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In-Class versus Online Learning-An Article Review, 2007.
A review of a research study by Christopher R. Poirier and Robert S. Feldman centered on the effectiveness of in-class versus online learning environments.
1,270 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper examines and reviews a research study which analyzed whether students learned best in-class or online. The study, which was completed by Christopher R. Poirier and Robert S. Feldman compared students' performance academically and their levels of satisfaction with each course structure and delivery method. The paper further highlights the measures used for the study and the authors' methodology.
Outline:
Purpose and Research Question
Setting/Location
Internal Validity Threats
Results/Discussion
Ethics
Evaluation from 2 Perspectives
From the Paper
"Variables. Status/categorical variables included the students' registration and opt-in for either course format while the manipulated variables include 21 specific evaluation criteria distributed across the four scales of instructor evaluation, overall course rating, interaction/feedback ratings, and amount of time spent on the course. Independent variables are the characteristics of the participants, the content and learning materials presented both in the classroom and online, and the teaching approaches, strategies and techniques used by instructors. Dependent variables include the 28 multiple choice questions that comprise the examinations given to both in-class and online students, 23 of which are both administered to both groups of students. 21 total evaluation variables comprise the of instructor evaluation, overall course rating, interaction/feedback ratings, and amount of time spent on the course."
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Hungry Girl is Dieting, 2007.
This paper provides an analysis of the "Hungry Girl" website that concerns female diet issues.
970 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 50.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the "Hungry Girl" website that is devoted to cataloging low-calorie products, diet advice, and other forms of information presumably of interest to female dieters. The writer notes that female thinness as a visual social value rather than a health issue is reinforced through every section of the site, specifically female thinness. The writer points out that the need for help in the pursuit of thinness is also important because the young, female website surfer might fall into a high-calorie craving trap. The writer concludes that the message of "Hungry Girl" is that women are supposed to be 'consumed' by thoughts of food, rather than consuming unapproved food and that they should wish to be thin for thinness' sake, not for health reasons..
From the Paper
"Female thinness as a visual social value rather than a health issue is reinforced through every section of the site, specifically female thinness. The need for help in the pursuit of thinness is important as well, because the young, female website surfer might fall into a high-calorie craving trap without Hungry Girl's 'nice' girlfriend-like advice, or keeping track of calories and Weight Watchers points. The female-focused nature of the site is obvious from its title, but also in terms of the foods stressed on the site, like chocolate, which presumably all females wish to consume around 'that time of the month.' Also, the target audience seems to be single females, given that almost all the recipes are in single servings, and seems unlikely to be palatable to anyone but a dieter."
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Nursing and the Global Environment, 2007.
This paper discusses how major technological advances have affected healthcare administration.
2,174 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 98.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the topic of healthcare has become increasingly more popular as the world moves into the information age. The writer points out that there are now many more opportunities in healthcare administration than there once were, and that a great deal of these opportunities are now open to women. Further, the writer maintains that there are still people who have such a strong desire to help others that they will willingly take a job making a low salary because the other rewards they receive are so great. The writer argues that the main hope for the future of nursing lies in finding more of these kinds of people. They are certainly out there, and with the changing global environment it seems quite likely that more and more of them will be able to be found. The writer concludes that the global environment is a very good thing for nursing.
Outline:
Introduction
Women in the Healthcare Field
Alternative Medicine
The Need for Lifelong Learning
The Shortage of Nurses
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Women figure into the growing use of the Internet, as well. The Internet is out there to enlighten and empower consumers, and women are becoming very shrewd consumers. They like to read up on things, they like to know the facts...they want to be informed. Healthcare is especially important to women, who deal with healthcare not just for themselves, but often for their husband and children. They are very conscientious when it comes to their choice of a doctor or hospital, and they learn all they can before the appointment."
"Women who work in healthcare administration know this, because they have families too. The concerns of the wife and mother are the same concerns that these women have as well.
Now that women are starting to enter the field of healthcare administration in greater numbers, the marketing of healthcare will very likely change."
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