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Mass Media, 2007.
A discussion on mass media in the developed and the developing worlds.
2,841 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 12 sources, MLA, AU$ 135.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how mass media - television, radio, newspapers, magazines and the Internet, is a part of everyday life in all parts of the developed and developing worlds and looks at how it shapes our lives in almost every possible way. The paper also discusses how, in some nations, the media is tightly controlled by the national government, while in others only guidance is provided. The paper examines mass media in both developed and in developing countries and maintains that the modern media's far-reaching nature makes it a powerful tool for the dissemination of ideas... and of propaganda.
From the Paper
"It was the developing world that first saw the media become ubiquitous. The peoples of the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and most of the nations of the European Union, have long been experienced a media-saturated lifestyle. Radio first became a part of daily life in America in the 1920's. News programs, soap operas, musical performances, comedy sketches, and other sorts of informative and entertaining fair helped Americans to while away the hours. Television arrived some thirty years later, and the small screen quickly achieved a permanent place in America's living rooms. Daily and weekly magazines, cheap dime novels, and daily newspapers had long been staples of American life. From the beginning, the commercial element was present in each of these media. The advertising that supports this privately-owned media depends for its success on large audiences - the larger the better. The large audience required by this system supposedly guarantees a democratization of the views represented, and the material available. News would reflect popular concerns. Popular entertainment would reflect the tastes of the masses."
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Martha Stewart, 2006.
A discussion regarding how a stint in prison has affected the life and career of Martha Stewart.
1,183 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at Martha Stewart after her release from prison in 2005. The paper reviews what actually happened to land Stewart in prison, and how this has affected her and her career.
Outline:
What did Stewart actually do wrong, and what happened to her company?
How did Stewart handle her job as CEO following her indictment?
What was Stewart's attitude after she was convicted?
How has Martha Stewart's image been affected by her ordeal in prison?
From the Paper
"Things are looking up for Stewart; she has a new line of DVDs and a new baking book that hit bookshelves last fall; indeed the "makeover of Martha Stewart itself is a big hit," Naughton explains. Naughton goes on to explain that because Martha, 63, voluntarily went to jail, rather than remaining free on appeal to fight the issue into higher courts, her "comeuppance" was transformed into a "comeback." By going in to jail voluntarily, Naughton explains, "she tapped a dormant wellspring of sympathy"; after all, the "bad boys from Enron, WorldCom and Tyco" were all still "walking free" and Martha has never been accused of "bilking investors" or stealing from the company, the way the Enron, et al, executives are accused of behaving. "
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"Oleanna", 2007.
An analysis of the common interpretation of David Mamet's two-person play "Oleanna."
1,429 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses David Mamet's two-person play "Oleanna," which depicts a professor and a college student who fail to understand one another with terrible consequences. The paper argues that the conflict of the play "Oleanna" revolves around power and the way that any two persons can interpret a conversation in completely different ways. It suggests that the common interpretation of the play, as centrally concerned with sexual harassment and political correctness rather than faculty-student relationships, is misguided.
From the Paper
"The end of the play reverses the roles of the student and the teacher reversed--now the student has power and the teacher is powerless. Now Carol has a student group who backs her versions of the events that took place in her professor's office. Her professor has lost his job because no one backs his version of events. This suggests that there is no truth, it only matters what sorts of social institutions back the individuals in conflict. In other words, all that matters is who society says is powerful and who is powerless. There is no singular truth as to what occurred in the professor's office, what matters is which person has a group to back him or her version of the events up. Once the professor was backed by his position in the university and the other faculty. He was within his rights to fail a student. Now, a powerful student group backs Carol's version of events and she has more power and her version of events is deemed to be correct. Also, now that Carol has more power, she feels free to speak more clearly to her professor. Rather than hesitating in her language, she now feels free to contradict her professor and express her anger at the nature of the grading system and her anger at his contempt for the hard work she has devoted to gaining a position at the university as a student."
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| Essay # 94003 |
temporarily unavailable
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Media and Culture, 2007.
This paper looks at different perspectives on how media and culture interact.
1,500 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 0 sources, MLA, AU$ 79.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses different views regarding media and culture. The writer notes that concepts about the media are very diverse and that different insights offer an understanding of the media's impact on modern-day culture. The writer discusses the views of Steven Johnson in his work 'Everything Bad is Good for You' and Neil Postman in 'Amusing Ourselves to Death'. The writer considers the question if IQ is indeed getting higher and people have more cognitive skills, what is being done with this increased ability? The writer concludes that if things that we are doing, or not doing, with our higher IQ and cognitive ability include road rage and increased stress, perhaps we are not better with higher IQs and cognitive ability.
From the Paper
"Postman uses the show "Sesame Street" as an example of this use of television. Educators approve of this show, because it is "educational." It supposedly teaches children how to read and to love school. But what kind of school are they expecting, he questions. The traditional learning and language-centered classroom is nothing like the vibrant and ever-changing environment seen on TV. Education is no longer organized around the slow-moving printed word, but on the rapid movement of the electronic image. Education is becoming entertainment."
"Postman's views are not any more positive about the connection between the media and politics. He points to Ronald Reagan's comments equating politics to show business."
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Freud and Kristeva, 2006.
This paper compares the communication theories of Sigmund Freud and Julia Kristeva.
2,030 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Julia Kristeva, known for her work in the field of semiotics, focuses on female communication; whereas, Sigmund Freud's communication theory has little to do with communication in terms of language and more to do with actions and reactions. The author points out that Kristeva's communication theories are based on primary process or semiotic chora, which in Freudian terms would be the pre-Oedipal incoherence that must be harnessed to ensure social cohesion. The paper relates that Kristeva's work appears to be an extension of Freud's theories, especially his psychoanalytic theory, which she calls 'semanalysis'. The paper further explains that Kristeva divides communication into the semiotic, which is similar to the Freudian term primary process, and the symbolic, which is similar to the Freudian term secondary process.
From the Paper
"The reason why dreams are illogical and out of sequence is because the main regions of the brain are deactivated during the dream sequences. Freud believed that dreams were symbolic and had to be decoded by the brain to reveal the workings of the mind. However, researchers state that the brain is quiet during the dreaming period and it does not decode anything. Whatever is shown in the dream are what it is and not a symbolic representation. Anything shown in the dream is not a fulfillment of a wish as Freud stated."
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Worldwide Telecommunication Incorporated, 2007.
A discussion on the impact of multiculturalism Worldwide Telecommunication Incorporated.
1,682 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper claims that a multicultural workforce will present unique challenges to effective team building, functioning and communication in the work environment of Worldwide Telecommunication Incorporated, necessitating extensive diversity training to help promote a common organizational culture within the company. The author also predicts that the adoption of a diverse organizational culture will ultimately enable the company to realize a significant competitive advantage. The paper offers a study of organizational culture and ideals within Worldwide Telecommunication Inc., and compares the results of internal reviews to information gathered from surveys of workforce practices in general. The results of this study help define which methods the company should adopt to promote better communication and team building within the organization.
Outline:
Thesis
Introduction
How Teamwork and Communications May Be Explored and Affected
Logical Appeal
Ethical Appeal
Emotional Appeal
Conclusions
References
From the Paper
"Teamwork often occurs successfully when members of diverse populations are able to come together and agree upon a set of strategies, values and beliefs in a uniform fashion. While this is easy in a homogenous population, within a multicultural environment agreement often proves more challenging. As part of the teamwork approach to managing a multicultural workforce, it is vital managers learn how cultural differences affect teamwork and employees motivation to work and involve themselves in a team environment. A cooperative environment is more likely to promote a framework for "maximizing culturally diverse teams" and developing team identity even in a diverse environment (Foothill De Anza, 2005). For purposes of Worldwide Telecommunications, Inc. managers must engage in a gap analysis to uncover what areas of the company are currently working to promote a cooperative environment and what barriers to cooperation currently exist within the organization. Communication challenges that arise from working in multicultural and diverse teams are also likely to become apparent during this analysis. "
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Oralism vs. American Sign Language, 2007.
This paper argues in favor of the deaf or hard of hearing using American Sign Language or their native language over oralism or other methods of communication.
1,302 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the tradition of oralism vs. American Sign Language (ASL) in the West. Specifically the researcher proposes that deaf and hard of hearing students should be afforded opportunities to learn using their native language or American Sign Language. Forcing students to adopt other methods of learning including oralism or Signing Exact English (SEE) may promote frustration and inhibits learning in the classroom. This paper reviews the potential merits and demerits of each tradition, highlighting the significance of providing students with resources to use ASL in the classroom.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Personal Philosophy
The Essential Nature of Human Beings
Basic Meaning or Purpose of Life
Determination of Morality
Constancy of Life: Unchanging or Always Changing?
Philosophy of Education
My Perception of an Educational Philosophy
Why do you need a Philosophy?
What has been the Basis or Source of your Educational Philosophy?
How has your Philosophy Changed or Evolved over Time?
My formal Ideological and Philosophical Orientation
The Purpose of Education, Teaching and Schooling
Are Students Intrinsically Motivated to Learn?
Should Schools Address Human Differences such as Multiple Intelligence, Learning Styles etc. ?
Topics
Knowledge and Content
Knowledge with Knowing
My Conceptual Framework for Improving my Practice
Theoretical Framework for Improving Practice
Skills Competencies Necessary
Educational Skills Required
Communication Skills and Content
Nonverbal Communication Skills
Verbal Communication
Influence of Interpersonal Relationships
Importance of Self-Identity
Peer Relations
Influence of Support Networks
Knowledge and Learning
Direct vs. Indirect Learning
Direct vs. Indirect Communication
Conclusion
Reference
From the Paper
"Many consider American Sign Language (ASL) the standard language beneficial for hard of hearing and deaf citizens. However, oralism shares a rich history much the same as ASL, and many often argue the potential merits and demerits of using one vs. another in an educational and communicational context. Wilcox & Peyton (1999) recognize that ASL is a fully developed language with unique grammar requirements distinguished from the English language (Coltrane, 2006). Oralism contrarily, involves lip reading to understand speech instead of using ASL to communicate with one another (Coltrane, 2006). This study will help review the merits and demerits of each, questioning whether one vs. the other is more beneficial for promoting communication and sharing among the deaf or hard of hearing community, or whether a combination of both may result in less frustrating choices among the hard of hearing and deaf community. "
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Interpersonal Communication, 2007.
A look at uses and theories regarding interpersonal communication.
2,244 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 111.95
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Abstract
Interpersonal communication is the communication that takes place between two persons who have an established relationship. This paper examines the different types of coummunication such as face-to-face and looks at how, with inventions such as the telephone, fax machine, Internet, email, and other technological mediums for communication, a lot of face-to-face communication has been minimized. It discusses how interpersonal communication functions for many purposes: to learn, influence, help, and more. It also looks at some of the different theories regarding interpersonal communication such as the uncertainty and reduction theory, the social exchange theory and politeness theory.
From the Paper
"One motivation that underpins interpersonal communication is the acquisition of information with which to reduce uncertainty (Health and Bryant, 2000, p.153). The uncertainty and reduction theory presumes that high uncertainty prevents intimacy, and low uncertainty creates intimacy. Within an interpersonal interaction, people communicate to reduce the amount of uncertainty. During interpersonal communication, the reduction of uncertainty follows a pattern: the entry stage consists of general information about a person's sex, age, race, and/or social status, among other things. "
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"English with an Accent", 2007.
A discussion on the effects of speaking English with an accent.
2,821 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 135.95
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Abstract
This paper is an extensive review of the ideas put forward in Lippi-Green's book, "English with an Accent". It begins with a short example of the extent of language discrimination. It continues to discuss why a stereotype of people who speak with an accent exists. It also explores the effects that communicating with "improper" English has on society. The paper explains that language is a flexible tool for denoting social status and social allegiances. The author concludes that language discrimination, although subconscious, should be brought to light and dealt with.
From the Paper
" In school clarity of thought is linked to written language, and there is little effort to separate written from spoken. The aim is to make children active members of literacy communities rather than language communities. The silencing of voices considered unworthy or unequal is done by statements (such as, "It is inappropriate for a law student to ask a question in Hawaii'ian Creole English") (Lippi-Green, 1997, p. 107). A child in the classroom may be criticized for using vernacular English instead of Standard. At home the same child may be criticized for using Standard at the dinner table instead of the family's home language. The task for students is to discern when it is appropriate to use one or the other. "
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Assertiveness in Communication, 2007.
Examines how assertiveness can help us in our communication tactics.
1,525 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 81.95
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Abstract
Assertiveness is an important communication skill that involves standing up for one's rights while respecting the rights of others. It enables us to express our feelings, opinions, beliefs and needs directly, openly and honestly. It also gives us confidence, increases our self-esteem and enhances our self-control in everyday situations. As a result, assertiveness improves our decision-making ability and increases our chances of getting what we really want from our lives. This paper explores various aspects of assertiveness including the difference between non-assertive (passive), aggressive and assertive behavior, describes different types of assertion, and discusses the gender and cultural differences in assertive communication.
Outline:
Abstract
The Difference Between Assertive, Aggressive, and Passive Behavior
Types of Assertion
Gender and Culture Differences in Assertive Communication
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Apart from the gender, a person's cultural background also influences the way in which he or she uses assertive language. In "collectivist" cultures such as that of Asian countries such as China, Japan or Korea, for example, individual rights are often considered to be subordinate to those of the group and values of humility, tolerance or subservience are considered as virtues; hence "assertive" behavior may not even be appropriate or desired in such cultures. In some cultures, it is particularly important to show respect and obedience to elders and parents; show of asserive behavior in front of elders would be considered to be particularly distasteful. On the other hand in countries where individualism is prized, assertiveness and standing up for one's rights are considered to be desirable behaviors."
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Media Agenda Setting, 2007.
A look at the theory behind media agenda setting.
2,280 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 113.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how media agenda setting can have wide implications for public discourse and public policy. It looks at how television news programs and cable television news networks can powerfully influence the way the public views the debate (even determining for the viewing public the players in that debate) just by controllling who and what gets on the air.
From the Paper
"For a commentator on the Right, like Bill O'Reilly, or for a commentator on the Left like Keith Olbermann, telling a story might mean cutting out, or shrinking down into insignificance those "facts" that due not intend to enhance a particular mindset. Similarly, there can be an added focus on minor details hat tend to skew the reportage toward a specific worldview. Facts perceived of as "dangerous" to the success of some government policy may be excluded from public view altogether, as in the case of war coverage. Ever since the notion became established that the Vietnam War was lost because the public saw too much of the brutal side of battle, the media has been extremely careful not to show much blood and gore. "
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Social Presence Theory, 2007.
A discussion on the social presence theory of communication.
1,525 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with an introduction and explanation of the social presence theory, which determines the implications modern technology has on the communication and social development process. The paper also offers a summary of literature on the topic. Additionally, the author provides a critical evaluation and conclusion on computer mediated communication.
Outline:
Introduction Social Presence Theory
Summary of Literature
Critical Evaluation
Conclusions
References
From the Paper
"Many modern theorists have agreed with early theorists who interpret CMC as a form of communication that provides limited social cues or context for users to enhance interpersonal communication. This does not suggest however, that CMC is bereft of social context cues. Rather, CMC may be viewed in much the same way as traditional forms of communication, enhancing person to person interactions and engaging participants or end users in interactive and interesting ways by stimulating the process of communication in general. Multiple theorists have attempted to describe and analyze the implications social presence theory has on interactions and interpersonal relations."
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Television and Study, 2007.
A discussion on the negative effects of television on students' studying habits.
1,471 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the effects of television violence and sexual messages on the attitudes of college students in the 18 to 24-year-old age range. The researcher uses students who answer questionnaire and rate the violent and sexual content of television programs. In addition, they are asked to describe the effect that television programs have on their study habits.The effects of these television images on college students are examined . The researcher also endeavors to determine how television and its many contradictory messages, affect students' ability to concentrate on their academic studies.
Outline:
Introduction
Methodology
Results
Conclusion
From the Paper
"An evaluation of the participants' responses to the study questionnaires revealed a viewing pattern similar to that reported by previous studies. Both male and female students watched prime time sitcoms, reality shows, and programs such as American Idol. Both sexes watched soap operas during the day, in between classes, with women watching only slightly more than men. Sports viewership was also quite high, especially on weekends, and especially for men. The average amount of television viewing was in the range of two to three hours a day, thus keeping with the findings that college students, in this age group, watch less television than other adults. Most likely, this is owing to the greater amount of group social interaction. All participants reported at least one incidence of violence or sex in each program viewed. These images of violence and sex, or "sexual messages" varied rather considerably. Violence ranged from verbally abusive comments to physical violence of strictly criminal nature, as in a murder occurring as part of a story, or physical violence resulting in injury, as in the case of a football game. Likewise sexual messages were conveyed by means of verbal innuendo, nudity and semi-nudity, flirting, and references to sexual activity, dating, body parts, etc."
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| Essay # 93591 |
temporarily unavailable
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Latinos on TV, 2007.
A discussion on the lack of Latino representation on prime-time television.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 13 sources, MLA, AU$ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper contends that even though Latinos continue to compete and in some cases, dominate the music charts and air waves, they remain underserved and underrepresented in Hollywood and on prime-time television.
Outline:
Introduction
Latino Talent Working on Prime-Time Television With Male and Female Percentage
Percentage Difference When Compared to Prime-Time Television of the Past
Comparison of Roles Offered to Latinos in the Past and Present
Percentage of Latinos Watching Prime-Time Television
Latinos Faring as Consumer Buyers
Reason for Small Increase of Latino Talent on Prime-Time Television Programming in Comparison to Black and White Talent
Are Latinos Any Better Off Today than in the Past
Expected of Latino Talent on Prime-Time Television in the Next 5 Years
From the Paper
"The representation of Latino regular characters on network prime-time television has progressively gone down in the last three years. Latino regular characters feature in just one among the eight series set in the Los Angeles County, an area that has 45% of Latino population. Latino full-time characters represent just 8% of the full-time characters in the 16 series set in the New York City where the percentage of Latino population is 27%. 50% of the Latino full-time characters feature on ABC programs. Talking about the figures, in the Latino Regular Characters -- LRC, out of the Total Prime-Time Regular Character reveal a steady decline from 4.2% in 2002 to 4% in 2004, the absolute numbers being 27 in 2002 and 26 in 2004 respectively. "
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