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Korean and Japanese Female Students, 2004.
Examination of cultural differences and their affect on women?s roles for Korean and Japanese female students
2,685 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 117.95
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Abstract
This study examines the extent to which females' roles are influenced by their cultural background. It focuses on close examination of how Korean and Japanese cultural influences affect a woman?s career aspirations and expectations for success in society. The first section consists of an observational review of the literature available regarding female roles in Japan and Korea, and an analysis of the two cultures is provided. The second half of the study entails a field study of American students with Korean and Japanese cultural backgrounds in an attempt to ascertain to what extent female student roles are influenced by the models of their parents, the majority of whom were raised in Japan or Korea. First-generation students/families are examined to assess the most accurate information.
From the Paper
"In a study conducted by Song (2001) women?s career aspirations were examined among 482 Korean college women in South Korea. The study showed that a formal education perpetuating gender inequality exists among many of the students, thus many students based on educational experience only would not be able to envision themselves in a career. Rather the inter-relationships and external factors such as peer influences and internal factors such as maternal influences and the mother-daughter relationship were examined to uncover to what extent a woman?s self perception and career orientation were influenced. The study acknowledged that a woman?s choice of roles and career aspirations were tied to developmental history and the pressures of the social climate (Song, 2001:1)."
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Hong Kong, 2004.
This paper discusses the lost identity of Hong Kong after the 1997 return to China.
3,570 words (approx. 14.3 pages), 11 sources, MLA, AU$ 145.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, with the handover of Hong Kong to China, the identity of Hong Kong is undergoing a changing reality as witnessed by the changing identity of Hong Kong?s culture seen through its media and press. The author points out that many Hong Kong residents are now convinced that the culture and identity of Hong Kong rests not upon its citizens but on the government of China, thus challenging the future of human rights and democracy in Hong Kong. The paper states that many people believe that China has no interest whatsoever in the media and press freedom of Hong Kong as long as the economy of the country is resonant.
From the Paper
"Hence, China can do or undo any rules and promises it previously made to the Hong Kongers. China can very easily use its legal documents and texts to justify its actions. Leaders worldwide have now begun to show their concern over the media change in Hong Kong. It is highly essential for Hong Kong to maintain its media identity since it greatly relies on it. Despite China?s promise to the mass population of Hong Kong regarding their freedom of press and expression, Hong Kong today is an entirely different place than it was before the hand over. According to Lin Neumann, ?The climate of free expression in Hong Kong has shifted in subtle but distinct ways: In the vibrant Hong Kong press, self-censorship has become a fact of life."
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Barriers to Love, 2004.
Review and analysis of Arundhati Roy's novel. ?The God of Small Things? .
1,590 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the story and the characters of Roy's novel about castes in Indian society and explains how the book is about the norms and laws of society that stand as barriers to love.
From the Paper
"Roy refers to the social norms that control sexual behavior as the Love Laws. They indicate "who should be loved and how. And how much" (311). There are a number of ?love laws? that are broken in the story; however, Roy presents these socially unacceptable or barely tolerated instances in an existential light where they appear more as barriers than as crimes and, or, sins. Divorce, although socially frowned upon, is tolerated to a certain degree and sanctioned by social response. Sexual coercion is given greater negative response but is treated more as a ?misstep? or ?mistake? than the crime it would be in other, less patriarchal, societies. Incest is forbidden according to the moral parameters of the Indian society but is treated, by Roy, as a natural outcome of an intimacy derived from being twins. By far the ?worst? of the transgressions that occur in the book is the affair between an untouchable and a respectable woman of the trader caste."
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Japanese Women, 2004.
This paper discusses gender inequality in Japan.
2,485 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 110.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that changes in the roles of Japanese women, such as independent dreams, work, and identities, are becoming more acceptable in theory; nonetheless, women are still charged with the full and untempered gender burdens of centuries past, such as being a ?good wife?, mother, and woman, leaving women with an impossible burden. The author points out that this stress is resulting in a declining birth rate because Japan is a country where women lose more than they gain by having a child; therefore, they are choosing to remain childless. The paper relates that Japan, unlike other industrialized countries, has been very slow to implement real governmental, business, and social changes that are supportive of women with children because Japanese society has a particularly rigid, male-dominated culture that is kept in place by economic factors of power and influence.
From the Paper
"However, although women in Japanese society were as psychologically perceptive and affected by these cultural and societal changes in values, and they were relatively quick to begin accepting new roles in that changing society, as is often the case; those same women were unable to ?shake off? any of their old ones. Hence, Japanese women are ?freed? on one hand to pursue society?s new values, while chained, on the other, to old responsibilities, without increased participation of men. In short, they were free to add new responsibilities, as long as they were chained to the old, in a sense leaving them hobbled and unable to perform either old or new responsibilities under the weight of their chains. In other words, it is as author Suvendrini Kakuchi writes in his article, ?Still a long way from gender equality,? ?Japan may keep on making breakthroughs in the technological world, but when it comes to equality between the sexes, this East Asian country remains a laggard.?"
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Michael Ondaatje's "Anil's Ghost", 2004.
Critical review of Ondaatje's book about the war between the Tamils and the government of Sri Lanka.
1,407 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 68.95
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Abstract
The author of this paper briefly summarizes Michael Ondaatje's book, "Anil's Ghost", and then goes on to describe the weakness of Ondaatje's book. The author contends that the book lacks a central theme, has weak character development, and that much of the text is superfluous.
From the Paper
""Anil's Ghost," can be read as a war story or it can also be seen as a tale of young woman coming back to her native land to find that she can no longer relate to the land or its culture. However from both perspectives, the book lacks depth and purpose, which is unfortunate since the author was not writing about some far off land but about his own country and their people. The problem with the book lies in its ambiguously developed characters and a general lack of central theme."
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Spa Business in Thailand's Economy, 2004.
A risk analysis examining the idea of investing in Thailand's hospitality and tourism sector.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 107.95
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Abstract
Despite an economic crisis in Asia during the early to mid 1990s, statistics show that it is likely that Thailand's economy could support the establishment a business within the country's popular tourism industry. The paper examines the idea of opening a spa in Thailand within the context of this country's economic, social, and political environment. The paper includes diagrams and tables.
Paper Outline
Introduction
Economics
Social and Environmental
Competitive
Politics
Recommendations
Bibliography
From the Paper
"A rebound of tourism and the hospitality industry has been realized in recent years, after a temporary decline post the September 11 attacks (Richardson, 2002). Statistics released from January to November of 2001 according to the Bank of Thailand, indicate that ?arrivals are up more than 10%? (Richardson, 2002). Many reports have pointed out that Thailand in particular has faired far better than many other Asian economies related to the recent political, environmental and international climate. Despite a tremendous decline in the industry in other regions, Thailand has managed to surface as a leader in many respects."
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Japanese Female Jazz Performers, 2004.
This paper compares Japanese jazz and pop female performers to American female performers.
800 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that pop music in Japan, referred to as kayokuoku, is an area in which it was very difficult for women singers to be successful until recently. The author points out that many Japanese pop vocalists, groomed by production companies, often did not develop their own material, whereas, most modern Western female vocalists now develop their own lyrics, which often tell tales of love, lust, and individuality. The paper relates that Japanese female performers work to build intimacy with their audience, participating in ?handshaking ceremonies? designed to encourage intimacy between fans and performers.
From the Paper
"Japanese jazz and pop female performers are currently undergoing a revolution of sorts. Most especially in the area of popular music, women are ?no longer bound by the whims of male songwriters? and many women vocalists are offering women new ways to view themselves and their relationships. Many women are pushing new cultural norms, especially that of a more independent woman, into the themes of the music they produce. A majority of female singers include lyrics in their songs that relate to their desires to express themselves and to be independent. This theme is also very common among American female jazz and pop vocalists."
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Hindu Fundamentalism, 2004.
This paper discusses the rise of Hindu fundamentalism in India.
4,780 words (approx. 19.1 pages), 1155 sources, APA, AU$ 179.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that fundamentalists seek to reconstruct the world in two-fold dedication to the unfolding eschatological drama by returning all things to the divine and to self-protection by choosing the elements of custom and modernity. The author points out that, in India, the Hindu fundamentalist groups are trying to curtail the activities of other religious groups and to control the expressions of those not meeting the requirements of their worldview. The paper stresses that all citizens, including the Hindus, must oppose the concept that to be Indian one has to be a Hindu and must state that the formation of a Hindu nation will harm the country.
From the Paper
"Luckily, the BJP has completed its five year term without any major riots between the Hindus and Muslims. On the other side, the attacks on the institutions of the Christians have increased along with harassment, humiliation and even murder of Christian missionaries. The Pope visited India in November 1999 and called for preaching and conversion to Christianity, and this led the Sangh to feel that the works of charity in various forms by the missionaries to be only inducements for conversion to Christianity. This has led to many violent reactions under the slightest pretexts ? four nuns were raped in Jhabua of Madhya Pradesh; a priest and teacher in Bihar was forcibly stripped naked, paraded and made to walk for 16 kilo-meters while being beaten all the time and Bihar is not ruled by the Sangh."
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India, 2004.
This paper discusses India?s economy, including current statistics.
1,375 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that India?s large population and the conflict between religious and political groups throughout the country have crippled the economy of the India. The author points out that India signed an agreement with China to set up another point of border trade in Changgu of Sikkim on the Indian side and Renqinggang of the Tibet Autonomous Region on the Chinese side, which will ensure that these areas have a venue for a border trade market. The paper states that the major industries in India include chemicals, textiles, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, software, steel, transportation equipment, and food processing; many major global corporations have offices and manufacturing plants in India.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Current Statistics
Exchange Rates, Inflation and Interest Rates
Currency
Trading Partners and Policies
Trade Agreements and Dominant Industries, Companies and the Black Market
From the Paper
"India is a country that enjoys trade with nations around the world. These nations include; America, the UK, and China. America is India?s chief trading partner with 22% of all Indian exports being sent to America. The UK and UAE are both at 4% while China, Hong Kong and Germany hover around 4.5%. The country?s import partners include; Singapore, China, Belgium, the United States, and the United Kingdom. Exports from April of 2003 to December of 2003 were estimated at 42.5 billion. This was a 13.3% growth rate over the previous year."
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The Choson Dynasty, 2004.
This paper discusses the status of women in the Choson Dynasty.
2,335 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 104.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the society of the Choson Dynasty was purely male-oriented, from polygamy for men to monogamy for women. Women were the suppressed class, subservient to the will of men. The author points out that the "samchong chido", or the rules for women, defined the ethical and moral standards that the women of the Choson dynasty had to observe no matter what. The paper relates that Choson women had a degree of freedom in their complete control of the household, including management of the household, the preparation for ritual ceremonies and festivals, and the education of the children.
From the Paper
"Even in the childhood, girls and boys had different status and ranking where the boys were taught and educated, like mathematics, from the age of ten that helped them in their future years, while any girl at the same age of ten was told to stay at home and lead a secluded life from then on. At home, the only activity for the little girls was to rear silkworms and after than spin cloth from the thread produced. In fact this was the only available employment for the Choson women in that era."
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The Choson Dynasty and Women, 2004.
A look at the treatment of the Korean women of the Choson Dynasty from 1392 to 1910.
1,938 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, although Korean women have significantly more rights than they did in earlier history, including partaking in the government, Confucian tradition remains strong, especially in South Korea. It looks at how, when it comes to lack of freedom, the women of the Choson Dynasty from 1392 to 1910 had few parallels in the world. It explores how, for centuries, they were forced to follow a thoroughly restricted life as dictated by stringent Neo-Confucian moral standards.
From the Paper
"Prior to the introduction of the Choson Dynasty, a wedding was held in the bride's home. The new couple lived in her house to the birth of the first child and then moved to the groom?s. This was usually about a year after the marriage. During the early Choson period, however, the bride and groom had their wedding at the husband?s house, where the couple immediately established a permanent residence. Because this was such a major change from the previous cultural norm, a compromise was instead found between the old ways and those of Confucius: The wedding was held at the bride's home, but the groom only remained at the bride's home for one night. The pair then moved permanently to husband?s house."
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Post-World War II Japan, 2004.
Discussion of Japan's monumental economic and technological success following WWII.
3,951 words (approx. 15.8 pages), 11 sources, MLA, AU$ 157.95
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Abstract
In an effort to determine the causes of Japan's economic and technological success following WWII, this paper examines Japan's history beginning with the signing of the peace treaty bringing an end to World War II and the years that followed. The paper reviews the peace treaty and what was demanded of Japan to bring an end to the war after the bombing of Nagasaki and examines the role of the U.S. in ruling post-war Japan. Furthermore, the paper assesses Japan's aggressive pursuit of its post-war reconstruction, including what industries were pursued and why, and then analyzes those factors that made it possible for Japan to recover in such a short time following the devastating war, becoming a major, global industrial power. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
Introduction
Review and Analysis
Industrialization in Post-War Japan
Cultural and Demographic Factors
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The key points of these policies were simple and straightforward, and included the demilitarization of Japan (so that it would not again become a danger to peace); democratization, meaning that, while no particular form of government would be forced upon the Japanese, efforts would be made to develop a political system under which individual rights would be guaranteed and protected; and the establishment of an economy that could adequately support a peaceful and democratic Japan. Further, MacArthur shared the vision of a demilitarized and democratic Japan and he was well suited to the challenge. MacArthur was an outstanding administrator and possessed the leadership and charisma that appealed to the defeated Japanese. MacArthur did not tolerate any domestic nor foreign interference, and aggressively went about creating a new Japan. To this end, he encouraged an environment in which new forces could and did rise, and, where his reforms corresponded to trends that had already established in Japanese society, they served to play a critical part in Japan's recovery as a free and independent country (Winchester 1989)."
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Bollywood and Non-Asian Viewers, 2004.
This paper discusses the factors affecting the success of the Indian film industry, known as Bollywood.
7,475 words (approx. 29.9 pages), 19 sources, MLA, AU$ 240.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the large Indian presence in the U.K. has made it relatively simple for Bollywood movies to forge an easy relationship with the average non-resident Indian (NRI). The author points out that, with markedly increasing numbers of movies and the demanding Indian population in the United Kingdom, there is a need for streamlined marketing and promotion strategies stressing the ?desi? flavor of the Hindi movie industry. The paper relates that a feature in these successful movies is the depiction of an affluent NRI family with tremendous wealth, palatial residences, and successful business operations, combined with a happy and closely-knit family structure, traditional religion, and relationships transcending borders.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Background
Review of Literature
Aims
Objectives
Findings and Discussions
Bollywood Industry Today
Problems and Conclusion
Flip Flop
The American Connection
The Menace of Piracy
Governmental Support
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It is not very surprising, therefore, to note that many popular films do better abroad than back at home. High-ranking stars of the industry have little to do to portray a well-orchestrated yarn in the movie, which in turn would go a very long way in wooing the crowd to watch it. With the passage of time, Bollywood films have earned a rare distinction of being ?home-made and successful-overseas.? The overseas market, hence, has been a very lucrative avenue for the star-studded Hindi movie. A good mix of performance, appealing collection of tracks and extravagant ambiance go a long way to help the Hindi film gross a respectable success in the UK box office. The Bollywood movie remains a representation of Indian culture, values and tradition thus creating more than just an emotional impact upon the average Non Resident Indian (NRI). The list of films that have been successful gainers in the UK box office is endless."
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Women from the Tang Dynasty, 2004.
This paper discusses two poems about women from the Tang dynasty, ?To My Daughter on Her Marriage into the Yang Family?, by author Wei Yingwu (737-731), and ?Endless Yearning II?, by Li Bai (701-762).
1,075 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper examines poems about women, which reflect the culture of humankind and its history from the Tang dynasty, and yet, also reflect life today. The author points out that, in the five-character verse poem, ?To My Daughter on Her Marriage into the Yang Family?, by author Wei Yingwu, the girl in the poem may have left for her new marriage by boat instead of by limousine, but the love that the father feels for his daughter shares the same bittersweet emotions of any parent when the wedding couple says their vows in 2004.The paper relates that the poem, ?Endless Yearning II?, by Li Bai (701-762), with its folk-song-stylized verses could be a love song put to music by one of the present musical artists and understood by audiences of all ages.
Table of Contents
To My Daughter on Her Marriage into the Yang Family
Endless Yearning II
From the Paper
"The author expresses the realities of life on earth with its pain and burdens. However, he also waits for his turn to be on the other side or paradise with his love, in the mountain wind and blue skies so far above. He hopes that his love can reach up to her, and his tears convince her of the aching of his heart. However, when reflecting on these clear yet complex words, one understands that there is much more beyond the simple telling of a love song?hints and innuendos and insights into other depths of meaning. On a deeper level, like many poets during the Tang period, the storyteller yearns for a distant and boundless heaven that appears in another dimension and awaits an individual?s death."
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Chinese-Americans, 2004.
An examination of the cultural impact that the 'old-country' still has on Chinese-Americans.
1,074 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the sociological and cultural acclimatization of Chinese-Americans by exploring the history of their arrival. The writer explains that this assimilation has been made even harder because Americans do not understand the importance ongoing culture plays in the Chinese family?s life.
From the Paper
"The Chinese American population holds a unique position in American history. The majority of the initial population of Chinese immigrants arrived in this county under coolie labor contracts, which were similar to the African slaves of the plantations of the South. The Chinese coolies were treated as disposable labor, and given less than full citizen status until the middle of the 1940?s. However, this group did not let the American culture assimilate them; rather the Chinese Americans built their own collective identity, which was a unique reflection of the rich Chinese heritage they left behind."
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Demographics of Malta, 2004.
A brief paper examining the diverse demography of Malta.
1,147 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the current demography of Malta. It looks at how the Maltese have an amazingly homogeneous society, despite millennia of subjugation in their early history. Current figures are provided, and the history is also discussed.
From the Paper
"Malta has been described as a ?crossroads island? with a cosmopolitan, polyglot population ?reflecting the ?ethnic and linguistics mixtures of Phoenician, Arab, Sicilian and British colonial influences?.? (Baldacchino, 2002) In the late Middle Ages, the Maltese Islands were held by Aragonese and Castellan landlords, and, interestingly, spend a very long period?1530 to 1798?as the home base of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, a chivalric group that got started during the Crusades and subsequently built a theocracy that ruled Malta in a rudimentary version of the European Union. (Baldacchino, 2002) Perhaps, with this recent history, if not quite within living memory, it was relatively easy for at least half the Maltese to be willing to be the first island nation to vote in favor of membership in the European Union."
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