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Two Educational Systems, 2005.
This paper compares the educational systems of the United States and China.
1,635 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the contrasting educational systems of China and the United States have much to do with their history: The Chinese education system is driven by the central government; whereas, in the United States, the system is based on locality. The author points out that, although China values higher education and the overall process of education within its youth, the culture itself demands both obedience within its students as well as respect for elders; therefore, the educational system's focus is not on innovation but rather on memorization and appreciation for the past. The paper relates that the American educational system takes an almost opposite approach to its cultural education philosophy; since this nation was founded on the principle and spirit of innovation, its educational systems promote, for the most part, the spirit of ingenuity and constant innovation.
From the Paper
"The United States system is differing in that its K-12 system is consist on a national level. Therefore, no emphasis is given to any crafts and education is on general information through the entire k-12 process. The importance of this is that it gives everyone an equal opportunity to go to college, but it also prevents those who do not go to college from receiving special and specific training early on in their careers. The pros and cons of this system involves its education standards. While the national creed is that of equality and excellence, the focus of schools in the United States is to achieve uniform excellence, and areas of poverty and strife are often glossed over for areas of extreme wealth and intelligence. Therefore this system does not grant as much equal opportunity as one might assume on face value. However, there is more opportunity in general for students to have the opportunity to go to college and pursue higher education, whereas in China the possibility might very well stop once a student enters high school."
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China's Population Problems, 2005.
This paper discusses several of China's problems brought about by its drastic increase in population in the last 300 years and its attempt to control this growth.
3,020 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 142.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that one of the biggest problems resulting from China's huge population is a shortage of food and water, which is blamed partly on the country's geography--only one-tenth of the land--most of it a 1,000 mile-wide strip along the eastern and southern coasts--is cultivable--and water scarcity from an extensive diversion of irrigation water to non-farm uses. The author points out that indoor air pollution, mainly from coal and other organic fuels used for cooking, acid rain, water pollution, extensive air pollutant, an acute housing shortage, destruction of forest resources and inadequate sanitation are problems, which are created and acerbated by China's overpopulation. The paper questions the ethicacy of China's attempt to control its problems by state advocated birth control, which includes an infamous one-child policy in which women with two or more children, but not men, still almost always are sterilized.
From the Paper
"In contrast, city families live in small apartments above the stores or behind workshops. These people have the same kinds of stoves as rural families, and many older buildings have electricity and plumbing. However, most families who live in these buildings must share sinks, washbasins, and toilets with many others. Finally, many boatmen, fishermen, and dockworkers live on boats. Every harbor and riverfront in China is jammed with barges and other small craft that serve as homes for entire families. Also, China's forest resources are rapidly dwindling due to over-exploitation of land resources, which is a direct result of overpopulation. The situation will surely worsen if this trend is not reversed, and the ultimate result will be a decline of basic living conditions in these areas."
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Mao Tse-tung's Rise to Political Power, 2006.
This paper explores in detail the life and political career of China's communist leader Mao Tse-Tung.
4,660 words (approx. 18.6 pages), 65 sources, APA, AU$ 193.95
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Abstract
This paper contains in-depth research into the history of China's communist leader Mao Tse-tung, speculated to be the most powerful person who has ever lived. This paper delves into Mao's political and military career and examines his writings and thoughts that dominated the functioning of the People's Republic from 1949-76. Mao authored some 2,300 publications and 740 million copies of his "Quotations" have been printed. Adapting communism to Chinese conditions Mao stressed the need for rural rather than urban-based revolutions in Asia, for reducing rural-urban differences, and for perpetual revolution to prevent the emergence of new elites.
Topics covered in this report include:
Introduction
The Young Mao
The Rise of the CCP - Mao Tse Tung - The Cataclysmic Years
The Civil War: The Revolutionary Mao
The KMT and the Long March
Achievements of the Kuomintang (KMT)
Conclusion
Endnotes
Bibliography
From the Paper
"One major area of dispute between Mao and the Returned Student leadership was military strategy. By early 1930s Mao had developed very strong opinions in this area. Despite the fact that he was without professional military training, he had always taken the strongest interest in war and strategy. The issues that divided him and the Central committee were not narrowly technical, but had important political implications."
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Doing Business in Japan, 2005.
This paper discusses the recommendation that businesses wishing to do business in Japan should find a Japanese partner for a joint venture.
1,910 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Japanese companies keep their subsidiaries very tightly controlled by the parent company than most other multi-national firms; even when decision-making is delegated to other managers, the Japanese practice of consensus results in consultation with the head office in Tokyo. The author points out that, having learned some tough lessons from the financial problems of the last several years, there is now a "liberalization" of the traditional Japanese ultra-conservative and xenophobic economic policies, which makes it easier for foreign companies to invest in joint ventures. The paper relates that Japanese companies are making an effort to go global, which means they are not merely sending expatriate Japanese managers, as in recent years, but are opening up more to the cultures and practices of other countries.
From the Paper
"There are now several valuable books on the subject of doing business in Japan. It would be wise for our top executives to become familiar with many of the "do's and don'ts" for Japanese communication. However, at the same time, Japanese firms are now under constraints from the international business community, including the U.S. "We feel it is perfectly legitimate to insist that Japanese companies doing business globally adhere to fair practices, both at home and abroad." In other words, for our company to penetrate Japanese markets, we need to be aware of several factors tilting in favor of local companies visa vie outsiders. This is one more reason for initiating a joint venture with a well-situated Japanese firm. It would save our company valuable time and money. Instead of starting from scratch as a "foreigner" and "outsider" we would have an entree with a "local" (i.e. Japanese) firm."
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Song Dynasty Painting, 2006.
This paper details emperor Hui-Tsung's life, not only as an ineffectual leader but as an accomplished artist, specializing in delicately colored bird-and-flower paintings.
4,900 words (approx. 19.6 pages), 26 sources, MLA, AU$ 199.95
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Abstract
This paper contains in-depth research on the life of emperor and artist Hui Tsung. The author of this paper discusses Hui-Tsung as a sophisticated antiquarian, whose talent and vision became an increasingly important factor in Chinese art. What differentiated Emperor Hui-tsung's painting style and that of the Literati was the emperor's main focus on Taoistic idealistic realism. Numerous historians of art believe that the Northern Sung Dynasty period produced the greatest realistic landscapes in China's history. This extensive paper also covers in detail the different views and aspects on the history of art in China.
Topics covered in this paper include:
Introduction
The Northern Dissident Literati
Su Ch'e
Confucianism and Taoism
Emperor Hui-tsung
Li T'ang
Xia gui
Conclusion
Chinese footnotes
Bibliography
From the Paper
"According to a translation from the German Tripod Mitgdeider Home Page, which includes an anthology of Chinese Poets of the Sung Dynasty, Ou Yang hsiu was an outstanding proselytizer and poet of the ' Northern Sung '. His pen name was Tsui weng, which has been translated as "the old gray drunk". Ou Yang's father died when he was four years old and he grew up in difficult conditions. It is said that his mother taught him reading and he was forced to write in the dirt, having no money to purchase paper. Later he took the civil service exams and became politically active. He belonged to the progressive fan Chung Yen and was eventually deported to a remote area of China. Despite this set back, he devoted himself to transforming the poetry and prose of his period. Although He was a devotee of the T'ang poet and the famous philosopher Han Uye, his work was smoothly elegant and unique having almost a musical quality."
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"The Rise of Modern Japan", 2006.
This paper reviews W. G. Beasley's book "The Rise of Modern Japan: Political, Economic and Social Change since 1850."
990 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a clear and comprehensive understanding of Japan's passage from a largely unknown agricultural state to a troubled economic superpower and traces the country's march toward modernity while emphasizing political and economic developments. The author of this paper finds the book, which contains a history survey and primary facts on Japan of the last 150 years, may not be well suited for the academic expert concerned with recondite theory or a reader in search of instant expertise.
From the Paper
"Beasley's occasional difficulty balancing detail and generalization is a minor flaw in a work that usually provides convincing support for conclusions. His study is also one of the most up-to-date general treatment of modern Japanese history. Of course, newness for the sake of newness is not always an advantage. Beasley's concluding chapter 17, "The Postwar Pattern Unravels, 1989-1994," is really a fifteen-page chronology in narrative form that is largely free of any analysis of where the unraveling might deliver Japan. Drawbacks to the book are that the notes are few and lack the comprehensiveness necessary for the serious student."
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"Practical Feng Shui", 2006.
This paper explains the basic philosophy of feng shui while reviewing Simon Brown's book, "Practical Feng Shui."
1,050 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 58.95
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Abstract
The author of this paper describes why feng shui is the Chinese art of placement and how this art form uses arrangement, decorative objects, compass orientation and material composition to achieve its objectives. The paper covers the feng shui philosophy of creating a balance in your surroundings, which then creates a balance in your life. The writer also examines how Simon Brown's book, "Practical Feng Shui", uses the principles of this ancient tradition to influence health, wealth and happiness.
From the Paper
"There are four different schools of feng shui: the Compass Method, Eight House Method, Flying Star School, and the Form School. Each of these schools share the basic beliefs of how energy flows, yin and yang, the Five Elements, and the Eight Trigrams. Practical Feng Shui uses the Compass Method for its guidance of placement. The book then details how to incorporate representatives of the Five Elements, manipulate energy flow, create balance, and align with the auspicious directions corresponding to your life's functions.
The foundation for feng shui is energy flow. Energy, or the lack thereof, effects all that we do and all that we are. There is an undercurrent of electromagnetic energy that links all things in the universe. This energy is called "chi".
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Japan's Film Industry, 2006.
A paper discussing the history of the Japanese film industry.
3,515 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 12 sources, MLA, AU$ 158.95
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Abstract
This paper traces the history of the Japanese film industry beginning with its early success and subsequent failure in the face of competition from American films. The paper looks at famous Japanese film directors and their films and describes the techniques and styles used by the directors as well as their impact on the Japanese film industry. The paper also looks at more recent films produced by Japan's film industry that have received accolades and financial success in the Japanese and Western markets.
From the Paper
"Although Japan is the world's second biggest movie market, analysts in film and business claim that the country's film industry is dying or dead. In the early 1960s, nearly two-thirds of the films that were popular in Japan were made in that country, while today the same percentage of films that are showing in Japan are made overseas. [1] Critics claim that the industry is not commercial enough to appeal to a broader range of viewers outside of Japan. Critics also claim that television and video games have ruined the Japanese love for their cinema, whose history is more than a century old."
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Chinese Migration to New Zealand, 2005.
This paper examines governmental and university studies to evaluate the characteristics of the recent Chinese migration to New Zealand as compared to the earlier Chinese migration.
1,995 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 102.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that changes in the immigration laws of New Zealand has resulted in changes in the characteristics of recent Chinese immigrants, who are now stereotypically considered to be very wealthy with ready cash, coming mainly from Hong Kong, Taiwan, Malaysia and Singapore rather that the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) itself as past Chinese migrants did. The author points out that the research indicated that this was not true; they do not exhibit the wealth ascribed to these new Chinese immigrants by the media; indeed they are rather young, highly qualified and usually experienced professionals coming predominantly from large urban centers. The paper relates that the new skilled arrivals studied are very different from earlier Chinese migrants not only in their educational and employment backgrounds but also in their points of origin in China; the new migrants are from predominantly urbanized and Mandarin or Wu - Shanghai/Yangtze Delta - dialect speaking areas, which do not fit the traditionally rural, predominantly Yue/Cantonese speaking linguistic profile of earlier Chinese immigrants to New Zealand.
Table of Contents
Thesis Statement
Experiences in Moving from One Culture to Another
The Culture Left and the Culture Entered
Specific Issues and Impact upon Lives
Impacts upon Work/Profession Life and Factors Influences
Resettlement Factors
From the Paper
"The minimum English proficiency levels required of the General Category arrivals were generally somewhat lower than those that would be required of later post-October 1995 General Skills Applicants. However, in the course of completing their degrees most Principal Applicants would have had to study English as a support subject for two years and most likely read some material in English. While their English language skills did not match their technical skills, English levels reached during two years of compulsory university English language study within a science-oriented undergraduate degree would generally be considered adequate to meet the minimum level of English required."
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"Marriage and Family in India", 2005.
This paper reviews, chapter by chapter, Kanaiyal Motilal Kapadia's book "Marriage and Family in India".
4,005 words (approx. 16.0 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 174.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that marriage in India, as described by Kanaiyal Motilal Kapadia in his book "Marriage and Family in India", is reminiscent of Western attitudes in the nineteenth century and earlier when women were generally treated as second class citizens and the property of their husbands to do with as they please. The author relates that Kapadia presents traditional religious values of Islam and Hindu, which are the two main religions in India, as a background for tracing their marriage customs from historic times into the twentieth century. The paper concludes that both Hindu and Moslem marriages, while having their differences, are both patriarchal; wives are second hand citizens, the property of their husbands, and property is unequally distributed in favor of male heirs, continuing the patriarchal pattern. Several long quotes.
From the Paper
"Among Moslem families, cross cousin marriages are also common. In fact, "marriage with a father's brother's daughter is more or less obligatory. It is considered and insult, and in a certain measure an offence, to refuse to accept one's father's brother's daughter in marriage" (P. 135). In families that practice polygyny, the cousin is the husband's principal wife, in order to ensure purity of blood. Like Hindus, the Moslems also practice endogamous rules. Sunnis and Shiahs do not intermarry. "Also among the Sunnis there are various groups--Vohras, tais, etc., which are endogamous. The lower classes are strictly endogamous, and marriage outside a caste means excommunication from the caste. The amount of dowry in both Hindu and Moslem marriages is determined by the social and economic status of the future wife, and the husband."
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Australia's Arc of Instability, 2006.
A paper looking at developments in Australia's relationship with its neighboring countries.
3,692 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 51 sources, MLA, AU$ 164.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses recent developments in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Vanuatu and other South Pacific islands and how Australia's relationship with these countries has affected its national security.
From the Paper
"According to Gary Dean in his article "Security and Australia's involvement in the world, May 1993, Australians have always felt uncertain about their place in the world. It is his opinion that Australia as a transplanted, predominantly European, society situated within Asia, Australians have always felt a sense of threat from the north. The Australians have significant differences with the nations of East Asia in nearly every respect: race, history, culture, social structure and population density. In fact, Australia is truly and oddity within this region. Many Australians feel acutely isolated in the South East Asian vicinity since they are so far away from other rich, English-speaking, and predominantly white, nations such as Britain, the US, and Canada, Because of this isolation, it is easy to believe that Australia always has put national security as one of its first priorities."
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Amy Tan's "The Joy Luck Club", 2005.
This paper discusses the use of two forms of vision--mirrors and storytelling--in Amy Tan's "The Joy Luck Club" in relationship to the mother-daughter legacy.
1,390 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in Amy Tan's "The Joy Luck Club", the mothers use the oral tradition of story-telling to cement, ameliorate or transform the trauma of their past lives in China to their daughters as a method for rewriting these stories of oppression and victimization into parables of self-affirmation and individual empowerment. The author points out that the motif of the mirror is a form of vision used often by Tan to allow the mothers and daughter to communicate. The paper concludes that this novel clearly demonstrates the usage of storytelling and mirrors as effective tools in creating bonds between mothers and daughter of each generation, which is self-perpetuating, even if unintentional.
From the Paper
"In another story involving a mirror, mother is shocked to see that her married daughter has placed a mirrored armoire at the foot of the bed. This is bad feng shui. In feng shui, the Eastern art of placement, harmony must be created in an environment and any bad angles must be "cured". Sleeping with a mirror at the foot of your bed is said to frighten your essence and create bad energy. She is certain that the mirror will deflect all happiness from her daughter's marriage, so she "cures" the situation by giving her daughter a mirror to hang above the bed. This will reverse the bad luck and bring good "peach-blossom luck," the mother says. Such luck, she adds, will ensure a grandchild."
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Nationalism in Vietnam, 2005.
Examines nationalism in Vietnam from a social and economic perspective and the call for change by the younger generation.
1,959 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 100.95
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Abstract
Despite certain liberalization measures since the late 1980s, Vietnam is still ruled by the Communist Party. The old conservative faction dominates the top leadership, while a younger and more reform-minded generation of leaders are filling the junior positions. The paper shows that today, in the communist regimes, appeals to nationalism continue to be applied for various problems, from purging internal opponents to defending against international accusations of human right violations. A discussion of nationalism and the political and economic state of Vietnam in this paper shows that the rise of nationalism is a direct result of the communists using nationalism to hold the country together by a thread; yet, as they tighten political control and loosen economic control, the youth who care little for the past grow in numbers in their calls for opportunity in their own country.
From the Paper
"Vietnam, after all, is not under siege. It has no discernible foreign enemy. Though still among the poorest countries in the world, it has a growing opportunity and a small but conspicuous middle class. While previous generations may have been moved by nationalism, the up and coming generation definitely is not. Nationalism, the cause of so much bloodshed this century, was woven so closely with communism that when the ideology shattered after the Cold War ended, nationalism, the emotional backbone of communism, fell from grace."
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International Corporations, 2005.
This paper discuses international corporations in the United States with emphasis on Indonesia.
4,500 words (approx. 18.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 188.95
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Abstract
This paper explains three major reasons corporations are compelled to internationalize are (1) the growth imperative, (2) the capability to develop a cost advantage and (3) internationalizing the customer base. The author points out that Indonesia, one of the few developing countries that responded favorably to the idea of internationalization, liberalized its policies to promote internationalization and promoted import substitution polices and deregulation policies as early as the 1980s. The paper relates that for Indonesia, localization remains a key factor in promoting good will toward governments and allowing Indonesians to achieve higher goals through the training provided within the multinational corporation.
Table of Contents
Internationalization: United States and Indonesia
Compensation
Indonesia
Cross-National Differences in Personnel and Organization, Cultural Diversity and Strategic Management
Strategic Planning in Multinational Corporations
United States
Indonesia
Organizational Structure of Multinational Corporations
Indonesia
International Resource Management and Industrial Relations
Composing an International Staff
From the Paper
"In many cultures of a host country for the multinational corporation, it may be required that the human resource management team extend themselves by becoming familiar with the employees, not just as employees but as human beings. This could include interacting socially and outside of the workplace, at functions along with other employees. It is imperative that the human resource management team be flexible in their approaches to the diverse cultures that they will be encountering and sensitive to the specific needs of those cultures."
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Water Pollution in China, 2006.
A look at the problem of water pollution in Shenzhen, China.
2,336 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 114.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the problem of water pollution and its effects on the economy and personal lives of China's citizens. In particular, the paper focuses on the water pollution problem in the city of Shenzhen in the Guangdong province. The paper explains how the process of urbanization has contributed to the water pollution problem, looks at how water pollution can undermine an entire city by affecting the economy, environment, and people of the area and discusses what will happen if the problem is not addressed as well as what measures can be undertaken to reduce the amount of water pollution in the region.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The City of Zhenzhen
The Problem
Polluted Water Sources
Causes of Water Pollution
Outlooks
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In China, urbanization has been occurring at a rapid pace; in the year 1986 China's state council officially designated 29 new cities. This addition of new cities, many located in rural areas away from the largest metropolitan areas of China has resulted in major urbanization of the country in the last thirty years. The province of Guandong is undergoing major growth and change; the city of Shenzhen is one example of this rapid growth."
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Global Marketing, 2006.
A look at the importance of understanding cultural differences when doing business in Hong Kong.
893 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that U.S. companies will find that the degree of success they achieve when doing business in Hong Kong will be much greater if they understand the cultural differences as well as the difference in business practices between the two countries. The paper then provides some insight into just what these differences in business practices and culture are.
From the Paper
"Unfortunately, many foreign businesspersons that come to Hong Kong to do business are painfully unaware of the striking differences. One tends to attempt to proceed just as they would at home, especially U. S. businesspersons and often with dire results. Furthermore, one may encounter persons from various cultural backgrounds throughout the orient while doing business in Hong Kong therefore cultural awareness becomes a critical first portion of any marketing program."
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