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Abstract Expressionism, 2007.
This paper discusses the artistic style of abstract expressionism.
877 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 50.95
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Abstract
The paper explains how abstract expressionism emphasized the basic character of a person or object while having little visual reference to the real world or to nature. The paper discusses some of the artists associated with abstract expressionism that include Jackson Pollack, Willem de Kooning, Franz Kline and Mark Rothko.
From the Paper
"According to Paul Stella of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, abstract expressionism was created in the early 1940's in New York City by a small group of artists who devised "a stylistically diverse body of work that introduced radical new directions in art. Some of the artists associated with abstract expressionism include Jackson Pollack (1912-1956), Willem de Kooning (1904-1997), Franz Kline (1910-1962) and Mark Rothko (1903-1970), all of whom advanced "audacious formal inventions in a search for content" via new techniques and subject matter. Overall, the works of art that currently define abstract expressionism stand as reflections of these artist's individual psyches and their attempts to "tap into universal inner sources," meaning that abstract expressionists relied heavily on the collective unconscious in the form of archetypes that express man's most primitive and at times violent emotions ("Abstract Expressionism," Internet)."
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Claude Monet and Vincent Van Gogh's "Sunflowers", 2007.
A comparative analysis of Claude Monet and Vincent Van Gogh's paintings known as "Sunflowers".
1,004 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how both Claude Monet and Vincent Van Gogh selected the subject of sunflowers for two of their most famous still life paintings. It looks at how, although both artist's works may depict the same type of flower, the color, light and shading of the two works are completely different.
From the Paper
"The arrangement of the Van Gogh painting also forces the viewer to look more closely at the individual flowers. Most of the faces of the Van Gogh sunflowers, rather than turn away from the viewer, seem to look at the viewer directly, while others are dying, as if expressing their sadness as they look away. Because of their brightness, and the detail given to each individual flower, the centers of the healthy flowers seem to look like eyes, looking into the viewer's soul, rather than away at something else as in the case of Monet's painting. Even the colors of the central vase are brighter in Van Gogh's painting than in Monet's and jump out at the viewer in the center of the composition. The vase is painted with bright colors, while in the Monet painting the viewer hardly notices the off-center vase."
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Art-based Methods in Education for Social Justice, 2007.
A discussion regarding the need for awareness and action in regards to social justice issues, and the effectiveness of art-based methods of social justice education.
3,967 words (approx. 15.9 pages), 12 sources, MLA, AU$ 172.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the issues surrounding social justice and the need for more awareness. According to the paper, art-based methods of education use creative thought and expression as a means of understanding and incorporating the lessons at hand and, therefore, art-based methods in education can have wonderfully effective results in regards to social justice issues. The paper goes on to say that there is no right or wrong when it comes to the expression of creative ideas. The paper further examines the fundamental roles of education in society as expressed by Aristotle.
From the Paper
"When it comes to the development of effective art-based approaches for education on social justice issues, It may be helpful to incorporate three basic, yet powerful, instructional strategies. These strategies are respect for diversity, the power of reciprocal learning, and personal reflection (Smyth, 2005). These strategies are especially important in the context under discussion due to the sensitive nature of social justice issues, and the vulnerability that may possibly be felt by students involved in creative expression. Being respectful of diversity simply means acknowledging and attending to the needs of students in the classroom, and ensuring that the learning environment is safe and promotes appropriate instruction (Smyth, 2005). Practices in the classroom should reflect appropriate methods that foster the creation of a community of individuals and an awareness of differences. One of these methods is open discussion (Smyth, 2005), and this can provide a basis for learning about and absorbing social justice issues. This then sets the stage for the creative expression of the understanding of these issues."
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Renaissance, 2007.
This paper provides an examination of the Renaissance period.
1,730 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 89.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that for most historians and scholars, determining exactly when the Renaissance Period began has proven to be very difficult, but the majority believe that the embryo of the Renaissance era began in the early 15th century. The writer discusses the Renaissance period when the most influential men and women were those who, as a combined force, literally changed the way that humans think about the natural world and their existence within it. The writer maintains that the Renaissance period was indeed a time of triumph and artistic mastery and greatly shaped and convoluted the then known world. Further, the writer relates that it witnessed the growth and development of architecture, sculpture and painting as never before in the history of Western civilization. The writer concludes that the masters of the Renaissance created what today is called fine art.
From the Paper
"The grandson of Cosimo de Medici was Lorenzo the Magnificent who went far beyond his grandfather in regards to accumulating masterpieces of art and the men who created them. As a poet, Lorenzo gathered about him an immense plethora of artists from all fields of study and extended his grandfather's library at Florence which helped to establish one of the first European centers for academic instruction in the arts, known as the Platonic Academy of Philosophy. Lorenzo also spend huge sums of money on the refurbishment of buildings and festivals dedicated to the arts."
"Thus, through the combined power and influence of the de Medici, the city of Florence became one of great beauty and stood as the capital of all the arts in Europe for more than two hundred years. Also, this flourishing of the arts in Florence resulted in tremendous growth in other European cities and extended well into the northern regions of Europe to create what is known as the Northern Renaissance."
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'Mona Lisa', 2006.
A review of the Renaissance period and Leonardo da Vinci's 'Mona Lisa'.
1,521 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the Renaissance period, how it influenced the art world and how this impacted on the work of Leonardo da Vinci. The paper focuses primarily on da Vinci's 'Mona Lisa'. According to the paper, the 'Mona Lisa' is an example of the highly individual, creative, and also scientific mind of the artist during the Renaissance in Italy.
From the Paper
"Furthermore, Leonardo's interests were also apparently unlimited. In addition to other artists of this period, da Vinci was also influenced by his own ventures into other forms of craft, art, and academic study. In addition to his love of beauty and art, Da Vinci also cultivated an early passion for knowledge and research. As such, his scientific studies included anatomy, optics, hydraulics and engineering, whereas he also spent time as an architect [5]. In his art, his studies in anatomy and optics were particularly useful. Furthermore, Da Vinci's studies in anatomy were culminated in his famous illustration of The Vitruvian man."
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Birth of Venus, 2007.
This paper discusses the painting "Birth of Venus" by Sandro Botticelli.
1,766 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 90.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the "Birth of Venus" by Sandro Botticelli is an important work in the study of art. The writer notes that this late-15th century painting reflects the struggle many Italian artists felt between the great history and traditions of their land, and the strong influence of the Catholic church. The writer points out that both of these influences are present in the "Birth of Venus", even though the painting depicts a pagan theme. The writer concludes that at a time when many pagan works of art were destroyed, including Botticelli pieces, the "Birth of Venus" was somehow spared.
Outline:
Birth of Venus: Specifications
Iconography and Meaning
Style
Historical Context
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Botticelli's depiction of the water on which Venus rides could be described as iconography. While Botticelli paints complex and accurate human figures, the water is very simple; it is a blue field with some lines representing waves, and it looks almost like a blue carpet. When we compare that to how water is often represented in other works of art as a powerful, and sometime dangerous, force, we can conclude that Botticelli made the sea simple for a reason."
"In Roman mythology, the gods had the power to control nature, so it would have been inappropriate for Venus to ride to shore on large and dangerous waves. Botticelli made the water simple, calm and flat to show how it could be completely tamed by the gods."
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Nefertiti, 2007.
This paper provides a critique of the book 'Nefertiti' by Joyce Tyldesley.
869 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 49.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that Joyce Tyldesley is a trained Egyptologist specializing in ancient Egyptian archeology. The writer then points out that she brings both her experience in the study of artifacts as well as her knowledge of ancient Egyptian history to her latest book entitled "Nefertiti". The writer relates that, although the book closes with a brief synopsis of the world's reaction to the discovery of the famous Nefertiti bust, most of the book is devoted to historical, rather than pictorial and archaeological analysis, in its documentation of the period. The writer maintains that the analysis of Egyptian images are used to elucidate the history within the covers of this small book, rather than for the sake of beauty alone, although the subject of the work is one of the most famous Egyptian beauties every preserved in artistic form.
From the Paper
"Tyldesley frames her book on the Egyptian queen as an attempt to answer an unanswerable mystery. Tyldesley does not offer an answer to the disappearance of queen Nefertiti from history, rather she theorizes that because of the queen's erasure from the lists of Egyptian rulers, the queen has given rise to considerable, often unsubstantiated speculation as to Nefertiti's place in history. Tyldesley uses what historical evidence remains about the previous period of Egyptian monarchical history, along with the surviving icons of the reign of Nefertiti's husband to show how contradictory the evidence is about Nefertiti's identity."
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"A Hunger Artist", 2007.
This paper discusses Franz Kafka's work "A Hunger Artist".
1,374 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 73.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer analyzes the book "A Hunger Artist" by Franz Kafka. The writer notes that as a symbol for alienation, A Hunger Artist is one of the most explicit stories related to the condition of the artist in a world he does not feel he belongs to. The writer points out that it is also a reflection on the condition of the artist constantly needing attention, but also willing to stay apart from the crowd. The writer discusses that both, Kafka and the Hunger Artist are condemned to a life imprisoned inside their own feelings and universe, unable to communicate with the world, kept prisoners by their inner universe, a microcosm inside a macrocosm. The writer concludes that like other characters of Kafka's literary work, the main character in this story is trapped by his own condition and by his lack of ability to escape it.
From the Paper
"The cage he willingly exposes himself in to the masses stands both for anathema and protection from direct contact to the rest of the world. Who were those exposed in a cage to the public opprobrium, in ancient times? The villains, the criminals, the thieves were subjects to such a treatment. And yet, the artist puts himself in a cage expecting the world's admiration and approval, or even more, its understanding. The Hunger Artist in the cage is not likely to be seen in reality, but it is the perfect image of alienation in a world that does no reflect anything of the artist's soul. Every artist is craving for understanding and for approval in this sense. The Hunger Artist also symbolizes the artist's love for sensational. The author himself seems to see the world through the Hunger Artist's eyes. He is aware that his existence is useless unless the world understands, approves and constantly admires him. On the other side, he seems unable to understand the world in his turn. He chooses fasting as a life career, admitting at one point, that it is easier than it seems. He chooses being different as a carrier, on the other side it seems that he cannot help it, it seems the carrier chose him. Anything can be brought to the rank of an art, so fasting is the art of the Hunger Artist."
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Romanticism, 2007.
A discussion of romanticism, explaining that it is the artistic movement that appeared as a reaction against the rationalism,.
3,376 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 11 sources, APA, AU$ 155.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses romanticism. The paper takes a look at the art, music and poetry that emerged during the romantic era. The paper describes its history, the main elements of romanticism and how it differed in different countries. The paper then goes on to discuss political romanticism.
From the Paper
"The romantic musicians found their muse of inspiration in literary works, paintings, and other art sources. Therefore, they believed in the same art values, like freedom of form, peculiar vibration of feelings, impulsive reactions, uniqueness, etc. As literary works reveal solitary characters to bear the imprint of emotional experience, music reveals instruments that have exactly the same role as characters in literature. They create the emotional values. The French composer Hector Berlioz and the Hungarian musician Franz Liszt had the roots of their inspiration in literature. Plenty of music works were created in the 19th century. The most known and successful ones are written by Schubert, Johannes Brahms, Hugo Wolf, Robert Schumann, and Richard Strauss. Abstract music was expressed in chamber music and symphonies. In this respect, there are plenty of composers who may be given as example. Musicians like Schubert, Schumann, Brahms, Tchaikovsky were the most important as they tried new free form music, adapted for the piano, mostly."
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17th Century Dutch Art, 2007.
A review of "The Art of Describing, Dutch Art in the Seventeenth Century," written by Svetlana Alpers.
1,061 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes 17th century Dutch art and reviews the book "The Art of Describing, Dutch Art in the Seventeenth Century," written by Svetlana Alpers. The paper discusses Alpers' assertion that Dutch visual culture needs to be examined more closely in order to better understand the Dutch genre in its own terms. It briefly discusses the origins and technique of Dutch art.
From the Paper
"Was it the influence of Baconian philosophy or new excitement over technology and exploration...or simply a grounded earthy pragmatism the Dutch environment encouraged? Alpers exhaustively-researched book invites one to ponder not simply on the art but the people who place such emphasis on individuals and things. A closeness and fondness for the overlooked or underappreciated is in these works, an empathy that suddenly seems badly missing in Italian art. Not every facet of Alpers book succeeds; lengthy translations and unexpected foreign phrases complicate an already excessively complex academic text. Still one finds surprising anecdotal humor and a refreshingly allegory-free people in the Dutch - and a feeling that Alpers may be winning the argument for deeper meaning behind the elegant brushwork!"
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Architecture and Sculpture, 2007.
A comparison of function and construction of Michelangelo's sculpture of "David" and the architecture of Chartres' "Cathedral."
1,061 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper compares two famous works of art - one sculpture and one of architecture. It examines Michelangelo's sculpture of "David" and the architecture of Chartres' "Cathedral." It compares their structure, materials, function, how they were constructed, the type of structure, their purpose and the length of time it took to construct them. The paper also compares them with regard to proportion and their similarities in characteristics of visual and design elements.
From the Paper
"As to function, they provoke the same sentiment: awe. The "David" looks down briefly upon the viewer and one's eyes wander to his hands or arm or slingshot and one marvels at the holiness of God. The same may be said of the cathedral. When one stands in the entrance and views the enormity of the vault, the lights and color of the stained glass windows, and how constructed (Spiro 335), one wants to remain in the atmosphere, All the parts work together to bring about a sensation of holiness and awe. The central nave is in the shape of a cross, with the top of the cross at the altar and the two arms stretched out on either side. The cathedral was assembled from millions of stones, which were then laid, or installed on the site where it was needed. The "David" material (a large piece of marble and a slingshot in his hand,) is simply a single piece of marble."
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Hogarth, Boucher and Chardin, 2007.
An analysis of the artworks of William Hogarth, Francois Boucher and Jean-Baptiste-Simeon Chardin.
1,036 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes paintings by William Hogarth, Francois Boucher and Jean-Baptiste-Simeon Chardin. It first looks at images and themes of excessive rationality, godlessness and human tragedy in Hogarth's six-part series "Marriage a-la-mode." It then discusses and compares female eroticism and objectification in Boucher's "The Blonde Odalisque" and Chardin's "Girl Peeling Vegetables."
Table of Contents:
William Hogarth
Boucher and Chardin
From the Paper
" Wollstonecraft would no doubt be offended by either image. In The Blonde Odalisque, the subject's role is simply decorative: for men's visual pleasure. The subject gazes at something or someone of interest, perhaps (this would further increase eroticism) a man fancied. Wollstonecraft would say this painting trivializes and devalues its female subject: as a decorative object, not a full human being. In Girl Peeling Vegetables, similarly, the expression of the female is vapid; too empty-headed even to be bored with her tedious work. Her thoughts, when she thinks them, are covertly sexual, and the subtle but suggestive positions, and implied movements, of her hands reinforce this idea. Wollstonecraft would find both artists' views of women shallow, limited, and lacking in real-life complexity and dimensionality."
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Greek Artifacts, 2007.
This paper looks at the civilization of ancient Greece and its artifacts.
1,820 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 94.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that until about 1870, historians and scholars who specialized in the history and archeology of ancient Greece were, for the most part, quite ignorant about Greek culture and society and considered this area of study as being filled with myth. The writer points out that from excavations conducted in the early years of the 20th century, the history of ancient Greece is now well-known and understood, especially through the magnificent artifacts that have been uncovered. Thus, the writer maintains that these artifacts illustrate that the cultural and social heritage of ancient Greece was one of the most important Western civilizations of all time. The writer concludes that they also prove that the ancient Greeks were superb artisans who always attempted to reveal the intricacies of Greek culture through their work.
From the Paper
"In essence, many of these artifacts will enable us to reconstruct the development of the Greek style in art and to appreciate their uses and place in ancient Greek society. Imagine for a moment living in ancient Greece, perhaps somewhere amid the long and winding coastline of the Aegean Sea, or perhaps high up in the great mountain chains of the Peloponnesos or Thessaly, the home of Mount Olympus and the pantheon of Greek gods and goddesses, such as all-powerful Zeus and his wife Hera, Aphrodite, the goddess of love, Apollo and Hermes, the messenger of the gods."
"In this environment, common men and women worked in the cities as laborers, merchants and slaves and toiled in the fields in order to feed the hungry masses in places like Argos, Sparta, Thebes and especially mighty Athens, the home of Pericles and Greek democracy. Thus, in these and many other environments, the ancient Greeks fashioned a very wide spectrum of items, ranging from ordinary clay pots to outstanding examples of Greek art in the form of amphora, drinking vessels, armor, weapons, jewelry, bowls and statues."
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Artistic Utopias, 2007.
An analysis of various artistic depictions of utopia from the past and present.
2,634 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 127.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the portrayal of utopia in art, whether it be literature, architecture or the fine arts. The paper presents examples of many types of depictions of utopia throughout history. The paper suggests that there is a new utopian revolutionary art where artists collaborate with the people of a community to restate their own history as the surroundings inspire them.
From the Paper
"Cuban artists currently have opened "Contemporary Art from Cuba: Irony and Survival on the Utopian Island" with a range of artists exhibiting from 24 to 39, at the ASA Museum at the University of Arizona, an art museum known for exhibiting work experimental in content, form or presentation. These artists show they are disillusioned with the socialist Revolution, yet they remain loyal Cubans."
"Land artists, who create monumental sculptures, perhaps are those most successful in living out their utopian ideals in large scale, such as Michael Heizer, who has spent three decades creating a huge collection of truncated pyramids in the Nevada desert, Charles Ross, who has a subterranean Stonehenge for the space age in New Mexico and Christo, who has tried to wrap up the world like a present."
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Politics and Art, 2007.
This paper examines the relationship between art and politics, with a focus on the era of the Russian Revolution.
1,074 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how politics have had an impact on art and how artists have impacted political structure. The paper shows how, especially during times of unrest, art becomes a political message as a motivational or propaganda tool. The paper looks at the decades prior to and immediately after the Russian Revolution and examines the beliefs and impact of artists such as Ivan Kramskoy, Ilia Repin and Lazar "El" Lissitzky.
From the Paper
"Artists such as Ivan Kramskoy, for example, were involved with the ideological structure that represented Russian realism in the 1860s, a decade of reform and renovation. This liberal stage of the movement, reflecting the intelligentsia's efforts to free individual thought and public activity from bureaucratic controls, lasted through the mid-1880s. Artists, with their decidedly inferior status in society's estimation
and their own, were overwhelmed with the importunate demands of the radicals that they ceased being quiet supporters of the state and decided to contribute their share to political reform."
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Diego Rivera, 2007.
A discussion of the famous muralist and political activist, Diego Rivera.
1,882 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 97.95
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Abstract
This work discusses how public space planning can be used as a politically motivated and concerted effort on the part of those in power to reshape society by planning and reshaping its public spaces. The paper then presents a biographical and political discussion about Diego Rivera, exploring his life, his work and his mind as a public contributor to political and social thought through his art.
Outline:
Introduction
Politics of Public Planning
Diego Rivera the Politician
From the Paper
"In an article discussing the connections between the famous muralist, and political activist Diego Rivera there is a statement about art that demonstrates both the depth of Rivera's involvement in the political and the controversies that surrounded him and his allies. The Mexican art movement of the 1920s-30s was a foundational backdrop to Rivera's political leanings, described later in this work by a contextual biographer of Rivera. It would seem contrary to say that if Rivera had not been so adamant a proponent of public art, many of his ideas and works would have been lost to the walls of private homes and indoor museums, but his activism was in fact rooted in his idea of public art as a tool of political and social revolution and therefore in his mind to be displayed for the world to see and the community to build from."
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