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Defining Europe, 2006.
This paper discusses and reveals searches and databases used for defining Europe.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 47.95
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Abstract
This document addresses the organization and effectiveness of two separate art and architecture databases. The writer explains that the Camio and Bridgman databases are compared for organization, complexity, and comprehensiveness. The writer concludes that the Bridgman is found to be more extensive and organized periodically, whereas the Camio is less extensive and organized more thematically.
From the Paper
"In assessing the effectiveness and relevance of these two databases, Camio and the Bridgman Art Library, relative to the Europa myth, it is best to begin with a description of the search topic itself. Europa is a figure from Greek Mythology from which the continent of Europe derives its name. According to predominant Greek legend Europa was the target (one of many) of Zeus' amorous intent. Zeus adopts the form of a bull and kidnaps Europa taking her to the island of Crete where, after revealing his true identity, Zeus makes her the first Queen of Crete. Another version, retold by Herodotus, has Europa being kidnapped by Minoans and thereafter being taken to Crete. Regardless of the variation the result is the same in that Europa was taken to Crete and that eventually Greece came to be referred to by this name and by association, the European continent."
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The Seagram Building, 2005.
An architectural discussion on the Seagram building.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes one of the architectural structures of New York, the Seagram building. It discusses the structure of the building and gives a brief survey of the aspects of international style. The paper applies these concepts of international style to this observation of the Seagram building. The author describes it as a powerful postmodern reflection of this style.
From the Paper
"Even on an overcast day, it is striking to note the bronze, almost sunny tints, reflecting off of the Seagram building. That is it so striking is testament to the thinking that went into its design. Indeed, the exterior of the building is supposed to be striking. It is supposed to be the presentation the building exposes to the world. When Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (Mies) designed this building, he was realizing a design that had been waiting to be built by him for years. Strictly speaking, the Seagram building is not part of the International Design genre to which it is most often associated. However, a survey of what International Design entails and a close examination of the Seagram building reveal that not only should it be associated with that genre, but it should also be hailed as a..."
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Sustainable Architecture, 2005.
A discussion on sustainable architecture in the 21st century.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper looks closely at the emergence of sustainable architecture and its function in the 21st century. The paper is broken down into three parts: the philosophy, the materials utilized and the importance of the design of sustainable architecture. To aid in this analysis, three central sustainable architects are also included in this research.
From the Paper
"Sustainable architecture has become a movement within architecture in this last century. In accordance with recent environmental movements, sustainable architecture attempts to save and share resources, to save and spare economically. King writes that the "shift to a sustainable, ecologically restorative way of life in city and countryside, guaranteeing fair shares of resources and opportunities across space and time, will involve the bitterest struggles over material interests" (9). This mentality is fundamental to the conservation and continuation of our species. It incorporates a new element of creativity into the work of an architect, which can be a rejuvenating element, as the art of architecture is as old as they come. The use of such designs into the 21st century shows a respect for our children and an equal respect for our earth, and, as our materials begin to ..."
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Inside and Outside, 2005.
This paper examines Robert Venturi's "Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture" that discusses bringing the interior and exterior together.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the meaning of Robert Venturi's statement that architects now work to bring the interior and exterior closer together. Their goal is to make the exterior reflect the interior, with one way of achieving this melding being the use of flowing space. The paper notes that other means have also been taken to achieve this combination of interior and exterior in buildings.
From the Paper
"What Robert Venturi writes in his book "Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture" is on the one hand intuitive and fits with what many people realize as a matter of course; namely, that the exterior of a building does not necessarily reveal what is on the interior. Venturi notes the effort by architects to bring the interior and exterior closer together when he writes, Contrast between the inside and the outside can be a major manifestation of contradiction in architecture. However, one of the powerful twentieth century orthodoxies has been the necessity for continuity between them: the inside should be expressed on the outside. But this is not really new---only our means have been new. One way of achieving this melding has been the use of flowing space, which "produced an architecture of related horizontal and vertical planes." Other means have also been taken to achieve this combination of interior and exterior in buildings."
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Physiological Space, 2005.
A discussion of the dimension of Physiological Space in architecture.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 95.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Physiological Space in architecture, noting that this dimension both allows and encourages the viewer to orient him or herself with the work and to gain meaning from the experience. The physiological space is not simply a reflection of physical space but includes a psychological dimension that cannot be discounted. The paper explains that the way the viewer is oriented to the art involves not merely where he or she stands and how he or she relates physically to the work, but also the mental constructs involved, the psychological reactions and other internal processes.
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St. Etienne Cathedral in Bourges, 2005.
Gothic church architecture and the St. Etienne Cathedral in Bourges, France.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 59.95
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Abstract
The paper is on the history and design of St. Etienne Cathedral in Bourges, France, which is a good example of gothic church architecture. The constuction of the cathedral is examined and the paper discusses typical French Gothic style.
From the Paper
"St. Etienne Cathedral in Bourges, France is a good example of gothic church architecture. This edifice, along with Cathedral Chartres, is the first cathedral of the high-Gothic era and was the starting point for the typical French Gothic style. Construction on the cathedral began in 1195, and the choir was completed in 1214, the nave between 1225-1250, and the west facade sometime in the 1270's. The north tower fell in 1505 and was rebuilt in 1542 ("Cathedral, Bourges No. 1" paras. 1-2). The plan of the cathedral is simple and was derived from the plan for Notre-Dame de Paris. At least, the exterior is so derived, while the interior is quite different from that more famous cathedral. The basic structure involves double-sided aisles, and it is double ambulatory and has no transept. The volume of the nave is the same as the cathedral at Chartres, with a width of 15 meters and a height of 37.."
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Public Space in the St. Clair West Corridor, 2005.
An urban design paper with emphasis on the importance of the walkability of urban neighbourhoods.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 119.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the feasibility of the revitalization of St. Clair Avenue. The paper explains the location and its surroundings. The expected results are to provides an opportunity to revitalize the area and linkages between the residents and St. Clair by transforming the area into a pedestrian pocket. The paper analyzes whether the chosen area has the elements required to be a successful neighbourhood, using the set measurements of Michael Southworth.
From the Paper
"The revitalization of St. Clair Avenue north of the Green/Arts Barn Project along with the redevelopment of the transportation infrastructure along St. Clair Avenue provides an opportunity to revitalize the area and linkages between the residents and St. Clair by transforming the area into a "pedestrian pocket. (Southworth, 1997)" This project is of interest at this time because the area presently has the elements required to be a successful neighbourhood, as described by Michael Southworth in a research article that looks at the importance of the walkability of urban neighbourhoods."
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Postmodern Literature, Architectural Thinking and Experience, 2005.
The influence of postmodern literature upon architectural thinking and experience in the post-modern age.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the correlation between postmodern literature and postmodern architecture by reviewing three notable postmodern literary works and how their features (principally a disavowal of traditional, historical myth) may be found in three post-modern architectural marvels of today. These two disciplines are at the forefront of a new age of meta-cognition, one that rebuilds the past by de-constructing it.
From the Paper
"There is, perhaps predictably, a strong relationship between postmodern literature and postmodern architecture. One says "predictably" because architects and literary artists are both sculptors and creators and are thus subject to the same broad intellectual fetishes or contretemps. With this in mind, the following paper will examine the correlation between postmodern literature and postmodern architecture by reviewing three notable postmodern literary works and how their features (principally a disavowal of traditional, historical "myth") may be found in three post-modern architectural marvels of today."
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Surrogate Court in New York, 2005.
An examination of the changes that have occurred to Surrogate Court in New York City since 1930.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper briefly reviews Surrogate Court in New York City as it stood in 1930 and then briefly examines how it stands today. It compares and contrasts any changes that have occurred. The paper suggests that the changes that have taken place to Surrogate Court since the 1930s are largely overshadowed by the continuities.
From the Paper
"Surrogate Court in New York: Yesterday and Today Surrogate Court in New York City has seen both change and continuity since 1930. The following paper will briefly review Surrogate Court as it stood in 1930 and then briefly examine how it stands today. As will become clear, the changes that have taken place since the 1930s are largely overshadowed by the continuities. Specifically, the Courthouse continues to stand indomitably as a stirring testament to the "City Beautiful" movement which swept urban America in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. With that in mind, it is to a brief review of what has changed - and what has not - in that tiny corner of the world that this paper now turns. To begin with, even by 1930, the august Surrogate Court was very much a relic of the past. To wit, it was built between 1899 and 1907 and replaced the old Hall of Records that once stood in City Hall Park."
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Spacial and Architectural Codes, 2005.
A discussion on the spatial and architectural codes of Nathan Phillips Square in Toronto.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, AU$ 59.95
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Abstract
This essay explores the architectural spatial codes of Nathan Phillips Square in Toronto. It focuses on who the square was designed to be used by and what the space is currently used for. The essay also discusses if the square's significance has changed over the years and if it now or ever really served the citizenry of Toronto.
From the Paper
"Spatial and Architectural Codes of Nathan Phillips Square Nathan Phillips Square was envisioned and designed in conjunction with the Toronto City Hall buildings, and is located directly in front of and south of City Hall at the northwest corner of Bay and Queen Street ("Viljo Revell" n.p.). Opened in 1965, Nathan Phillips Square was named in honour of Nathan Phillips who served as mayor from 1955 to 1962 ("Toronto City Hall Tour" n.p.). The space consists of a large open area containing a reflecting pool that transforms to a skating rink in winter, a large ramp leading to the second level demonstration gardens of City Hall, Peace Garden, sculptures, and a speakers' corner podium.
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Architecture, 2005.
A discussion of the concept of the envelope of architecture, according to Tschumi and Cheng.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 83.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the idea of the envelope of architecture, a boundary between the public sphere and the private sphere, and how this is less and less a boundary and more a porous enclosure. This concept is discussed according to the views of Tschumi and Cheng, in the text edited by them.
From the Paper
"An interesting aspect of the theoretical elements found in the text edited by Tschumi and Cheng (2003) is made explicit by Colomina (2003), who writes, "The line between public and private no longer coincides with the outer limit of a building" (p. 68). This comment is reflected in different ways in other essays in the text, and it also helps explain some of the direction of architecture today and also traces back to earlier times when clearly the separation between public and private was much more rigid. Colomina also states that architecture always followed medicine, which is why the envelope of architecture corresponds more to the human body than to functional programs. However, Colomina also says that it might be that "the envelope is longer to be found on the outside but has coiled itself up within an imaginary body" (p. 68)."
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The Cashier's Settle, 2005.
An analysis of the the chair, the cashier's settle.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 47.95
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Abstract
This essay is a product description that covers the designer, historical context, social context, and design of a chair, the Cashier's Settle. The paper discusses how the original Cashier's Settle is an example of the Glasgow Style, a movement including a combination of influences including Art Nouveau; the Arts & Crafts movement in England, Scottish heritage and Japanese forms, all prevalent at the turn-of-the century in Scotland.
From the Paper
"The original Cashier's Settle is an example of the "Glasgow Style," a movement including a combination of influences including Art Nouveau; the Art's & Crafts movement in England, Scottish heritage and Japanese forms, all prevalent at the turn-of-the century in Scotland. It was designed and built on commission for a successful tea house in Glasgow in approximately in 1904 and represents an influential part of Mackintosh's "total design" of the Willow Tea Rooms including furniture, light fittings, wall dressing, cutlery and even uniforms. The design also represents the emergence of a movement that would combine both interior and architectural elements."
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William A McDonough, 2005.
An examination of William A. McDonough's ecological architecture.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 10 sources, AU$ 119.95
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Abstract
The paper introduces William A. McDonough's architecture in the context of current green and ecological trends. The paper makes mention of theoretical background, commonplace examples, and McDonough's perfectly businesslike and successful approach to an 'idealistic' concern of architects that is less often shared by clients.
From the Paper
"Discussion William A. McDonough is known for practical, aesthetic and ecologically sound design. His firm, McDonough and Partners, is known internationally. McDonough has won several significant awards for public and residential structures and is known for adding features beyond the 'no waste' and 'no harm' directives of ecological architecture in buildings that happen to gather solar energy, purify supplies of water, or generate oxygen, while complying perfectly with 'green' sites in which they are erected. McDonough won the 2001 I.D. Forty Design award and in 1999, was nominated 'Designer of the Year' by Interiors magazine."
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Inigo Jones, 2005.
An examination on the life, times, influences and historical impact of Inigo Jones, a 17th century architect.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 59.95
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Abstract
The paper is a brief discussion of Inigo Jones, a seventeenth century architect who rose to prominence in part by introducing Palladian conceits to the British Isles. The paper looks at his early life, his indebtedness to Andrea Palladio and his historical legacy. In particular, the paper notes his influence upon Christopher Wren. In the final analysis, Jones emerges as one of Great Britain's most important architects.
From the Paper
"The following paper will examine the life, times and impact of Inigo Jones, an architect whose contributions to the modern era of the field have too often been overlooked. The following paper will examine Jones' status as the leading English architect of the seventeenth century. The paper will also examine Jones' indebtedness to Andrea Palladio - specifically his treatises on architecture - and to classical Roman architecture. As the following pages will make clear, Jones' work is typified by distinctive Italian embellishments and flourishes that would have been otherwise impossible had he not been so deeply influenced by the grandeur and splendor of ancient Roman architecture."
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'Ornament and Architecture', 2005.
A review of the thesis 'Ornament and Architecture' by Adolf Loos.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 107.95
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Abstract
A paper discussing Adolf Loos' philosophy of architecture in relation to his 'Ornament and Crime' thesis. Loos' saw utilitarian design devoid of ornamentation as needed to promote human creativity. He reacted strongly to mass produced ornament in particular and its ugly implications in terms of how human beings found a false solace in all that ornamentation might hide.
From the Paper
"Adolf Loos (1870-1933) was born a stonemason's son in Brunn, Czechoslovakia. He studied for two years in the Royal and Imperial State College in Reichenberg, Bohemia, before having to serve two years in the army. He then attended the College of Technology in Dresden, for three years, studying Architecture. He went to the United States where he worked as a mason, floor layer and dishwasher, observing the society around him and admiring much of its architecture. Returning to Europe, he was employed by the architect, Carl Mayreder, and in 1898, Loos had his own practice in Vienna."
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Bungalows, 2005.
A look at the history of the bungalow style home in North America.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the history of the bungalow style home in the USA and how Indian style homes influenced modern North American architecture. According to this paper, one of the main reasons for the popularity of the bungalow style home, is comfort.
From the Paper
"The word 'bungalow' is defined as a one or one and half story dwelling, with a low-pitched roof. The term originated from the Indian word bangla, which means a low house, which has porches around it. At around the turn of the 20th century, Victorian architecture was prevalent in North America, and people were ready for a move to something less stuffy - something that would put more emphasis on comfort. This set the stage for the rise of bungalows to which many architects would contribute. "
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