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Leni Riefenstahl's Contribution to Hitler's Campaign, 2002.
This paper looks at the work and contribution to Hitler's campaign, of Leni Riefenstahl, German actress and filmmaker who directed "The Triumph of the Will" in 1934.
1,775 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 92.95
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Abstract
The writer examines the film "Triumph of the Spirit" and more closely the filmmaker "Leni Riefenstahl". The paper attempts to analyze whether Leni's participation in the production of this movie assisted and promoted Hitler's ideas and actions, and by doing so, placed her in the role or war criminal, not just film maker. The writer uses direct quotes from the time as well as historical stories to explore her involvement in Hitler's campaign and her subsequent guilt or innocence.
From the Paper
"Consider first the nature of the film itself. The documentary Triumph of the Will, directed by Leni Riefenstahl, presents the Nazi era through a particular prism showing it as heroic, elevating, and inspiring. The film is actually less overt about the propaganda elements than one might expect, with Riefenstahl hiding them in elegiac and poetic images whose effect is to elevate the Nazi party and its leader. The occasion was the Nuremberg rally in 1935 at which Hitler made a rousing speech that solidified his political power over the people. The film is not objective at all, and while the subject matter may be considered frightening and horrible, the techniques used by Riefenstahl in shaping the footage remain among the prime examples of documentary film-making. As propaganda, the film is extremely effective."
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"Maus", 2003.
A review of the comic book "Maus" by Art Spielegman with an emphasis on how it discusses the Holocaust, through this non-academic form.
1,327 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the comic book "Maus" by Art Spielegman and analyzes how its portrayal of the history of the Holocaust is shown as subjective to its characters and relationships, mediated by time and memory. It looks at how Spielegman?s task is challenging in its scope, in trying to grasp the human dimensions of an unfathomable experience of a Holocaust survivor. It evaluates how the medium of the comic strip aids in the creating a larger exposure to the story, as well as demonstrating the assembly of a history as a narrative through its use of inclusive interviews and interview methods.
From the Paper
"Remembering is a construction of the past, clips of memory placed into frame. Maus examines the limitations of the techniques of recording experience, by engaging the problems of oral history and memory. The comic strip is a story about telling a story, the testimony of a witness to a significant historical event, as well as a telling of that event. Because it is only one man?s story of the Holocaust, his interpretation is limited in the larger picture of the Holocaust. Yet it also becomes everyman?s story due to the personalizing of the event, the ability an individual?s story has to humanize and universalize. Artie discusses his father?s romances, depression, things that would not otherwise be included or deemed important in a life history during a time of war and genocide. "
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Elie Wiesel?s ?Night?, 2002.
This paper reviews Elie Wiesel?s ?Night? in which he recounts his experience in the concentration camps of World War II.
860 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper states that Elie Wiesel?s ?Night? is a terrifying account of the horrors of Holocaust through the eyes of a child who sees his family killed and whose own spirit is sorely tested, even these many years later, as he looks back on these events. The paper explains that the boy questions everything that in the past has provided some sense of stability--the community, the family, and God as well. The author feels that this book is an exploration of personal identity and an attempt for one man to come to grips with the fact that he has survived while so many did not.
From the Paper
"The Holocaust tested those who survived and left them with questions that cannot be answered, or with answers, they could not understand. Moshe says the questions come from the soul and stay there until death, and the question of how and why this could happen is such a question. It is evident that this book is in part an attempt to come to grips with that question, though ultimately the boy who wonders about God in the beginning and who feels by the end that he has been all but abandoned by God never finds the answer as to why this has happened."
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"Night", 2002.
Analysis of the themes and symbols in Elie Wiesel's novel, "Night".
1,465 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the historical and personal importance of the themes and symbols in Elie Wiesel's award-winning novel on the Holocaust, "Night." The paper examines the symbolism behind the title, the main character's struggle to maintain faith in God and the "silence" of God, the inhumanity of the holocaust, and the change in the father-son relationship between Eliezer and his father.
From the Paper
"Elie Wiesel?s Night is a deep and dark first hand look into the horrors of the Holocaust. However, more than being just a book on the external events that occurred during this horrific period, it is a story of the internal struggle of a boy who was the only one of his family and one of the extremely fortunate people in the camps to have survived long enough to be rescued. Although the boy in Night is not Elie Wiesel himself, he writes the novel as an autobiography in which the story is virtually the same as was his own, but with some minor details changed. It is really a human document, a first-hand look into the horrific and barely believable acts of inhumanity of the holocaust, and an in-depth look into the slow, torturous destruction of a human soul. This is more than a witnessing of events, more than a historical first-person account of facts. This is a personal story that was similar to millions of others, a story of a moment in history where even God could not have existed. By analyzing the themes and symbols of this work we can better understand the impact the holocaust had on the world and the souls of humanity, the horrific historical impact, and begin to understand what humanity is truly capable of doing to its own kind."
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WWII Chemical Warfare, 1997.
The December 1943 Luftwaffe attack on Bari, Italy.
4,016 words (approx. 16.1 pages), 13 sources, APA, AU$ 174.95
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Abstract
Historical paper on the little known accidental release of toxic mustard gas during WWII by the Americans. The paper examines in great deal the attack on Bari and discusses many of the battles before and after this attack. It questions whether the American's use of chemical agents was useful in achieving their goals and how this impacted the rest of World War Two.
From the Paper
"During World War II, one of the main goals of the Nazis in Germany was to destroy as many ?unwanted? populations as possible. To accomplish this, many of the ?unwanted,? including Jews, Gypsies, Disabled people and Homosexuals, were imprisoned in death camps. Finding quick and efficient ways of exterminating these people was a continuous challenge throughout the war. The gas chambers finally became the most efficient way, and the most common chemical used in the chambers was Zyklon B. However, Himmler, the Reichsfuhrer-SS, was never satisfied with the operation of the death camps, nor the success of Zyklon B. Himmler was constantly searching for more economical methods to exterminate large segments of the unwanted population, and ironically, an allied catastrophe in 1943 gave him an opportunity to test a toxic war gas. The Luftwaffe bombing of allied merchant ships in the harbor at Bari, Italy, on December 3, 1943, was one of the German Air Force?s most successful missions of the entire war. Twenty five ships were sunk, instantly killing 2000 persons. It was the worst allied naval disaster except for Pearl Harbor; and it seriously delayed allied efforts to overrun Italy. But the real horror of the event and one of the best kept secrets of Word War II was the unleashing of 100 tons of poison gas! "
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Zionism During The Holocaust, 2002.
Examines Zionism during the period of 1942-1945.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 12 sources, AU$ 153.95
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Abstract
Examines Zionism during the period of 1942-1945. Argues that Zionism during this time has been marked by a disregard for the events in Europe. Concern of Zionists for their cause over the plight of European Jewry. Zionists collabortion with Nazis to achieve their political aims. Brief discussion of Zionism in general.
From the Paper
"HISTORY OF ZIONISM DURING THE HOLOCAUST
The history and roots of the Holocaust go back a long way. While the industry of death and destruction did not operate before 1942, its roots were firmly established in the 19th century. Jewish aspirations for emancipation emerged out of the national struggles in Europe. When the hopes for liberation through democratic change were dashed, other alternatives for improving the lot of the Jews in Europe achieved prominence.
It is the purpose of this paper to examine the history of Zionism during the period of the Holocaust (1942-1945) and suggest that this ..."
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"Night", 2002.
An analysis of Elie Wiesel's 1958 autobiographical account of his life during the Holocaust.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 102.95
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Abstract
Analysis of Elie Wiesel's 1958 autobiographical account of his life during the Holocaust. Discusses the book as an exploration of personal identity. Centers on the ordeals Wiesel faced and how he lived through the horrors. His changed concept of God. Life in the concentration camp. Destruction of his family and his faith.
From the Paper
"Introduction
Elie Wiesel's autobiographical account of his life through the period of the Holocaust, Night, is a terrifying account of the horrors of that period through the eyes of a child who sees his family killed and whose own spirit is sorely tested even these many years later as he looks back on these events. The book is powerful and affecting, and it also serves as a very strong portrayal of the entire era of which the Holocaust is a part. This book presents the real effects of history, not the changes in leadership and the movements of armies but the changes in the lives of real individuals who become the victims of other people's hatreds an ambitions. The book can also be seen as an exploration of personal identity and an attempt for one man to come to grips with the fact that he has survived..."
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"Shoah: The Paradigmatic Genocide: Essays in Exegesis and Eisequesis" by Zev Garber, 2002.
A review of the concepts in the book on the dangers of supersessionism for Jews.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, AU$ 76.95
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Abstract
Reviews concepts in book on the dangers of supressonism for Jews. Examines historical/religious absorption of Jews into the Christian realm (supersessionism). Nazi Germany. Conversion of Edith Stetin by the Caltholic Church; view of her martyrdom & its implications for the suffering of Jews during the Holocaust. Martyrdom of Death of the Maidens. Questions of identity & responsibility of Christians & Jews in light of the Shoah.
From the Paper
"In Shoah: The Paradigmatic Genocide: Essays in Exegesis and Eisegesis, Zev Garber writes that Jews must protect themselves from supersessionism, or the historical/religious absorption into the Christian realm, as if the Jews were merely incomplete Christians. Supersessionism is a danger to both Christians who would even subconsciously espouse it, and who would be antisemitic in doing so, and to Jews whose religion could be weakened by the view. Supersessionism, inadvertently or not, is a force aligned with the forces which created Nazi Germany, although it comes disguised as a sign of Christian sympathy for the suffering of Jews.
The dangers of supersessionism are exemplified in the attitude of the Catholic Church to the converted Jew Edith Stein who was murdered by the Nazis. The Church has declared that..."
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Maus I and II, 2002.
An analysis of Art Spiegelman's books "Maus I" and "Maus II" about what it means to be human.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, AU$ 50.95
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Abstract
Analysis of Art Spiegelman's books MAUS I and MAUS II about what it means to be human. Plot. Importance of the family and of people helping each other. Concept of fate. Horrors of Auschwitz & the Holocaust. Book's comic book style and format. Characters of mice who embody the highest human ideals.
From the Paper
"Maus is presented by its author, Art Spiegelman, in an unusual comic-book-style format. The form selected has a number of powerful advantages--it is a fresh approach to a much-told story, it humanizes and personalizes the tragedy much more than might a dry narrative, it feeds to the particular understanding of a visual society and a generation more attuned to the image than to the word, it may be a more palatable mode of presentation of such difficult subject matter for some people, and it accomplishes all of this in an ironic fashion, utilizing the methods of the comic book to tell a very un-comic story.
The mice in Maus are if anything more human than human beings because they embody all of the ideals that humans prize. This fact is heightened by these characters being portrayed as mice--the characteristics we see in them are not the..."
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The Holocaust, 2002.
Discusses scope of Nazi genocide.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 102.95
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Abstract
Discusses scope of Nazi genocide. Hitler's rise to power and his policies toward the Jews; Wannsee Conference. Medical experiments in the Camps. Nazi biomedical politics. Understanding genocide. Cites visit to Museum of Tolerance and two poems by Terezin ghetto children. Genocide of other societies. Argues that moral and historical education are the only ways to avoide genocide.
From the Paper
"The Holocaust was the persecution and systematic killing of 6,000,000 European Jews by Nazi Germany during World War II. The original plan to simply remove the Jews from Germany and the lands Germany conquered were changed to include the "Final Solution" in which the murder to the Jews was carried out. One of the most horrifying aspects of the living death of the concentration camps was the use of the victims in brutal medical experiments performed by German doctors who served in the army or were Nazi Party members. The study of the facts about the Holocaust, the visit to the Museum of Tolerance, and reading poems by children who were interned in the Terezin ghetto and who died there or in the death camps have expanded my understanding of the Holocaust itself and of genocide in general, which has happened so many times in history. These experiences and the..."
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Holocaust, 1999.
Examines the participation by the average German and the government, Nazi propaganda, antisemitism, non-Jewish deaths, the role of Police, peer pressure, psychology of and religious issues.
3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 204.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this research is to examine theories of how and why the Holocaust, or the mass murder of the civilian population of Jews (about six million) and non-Jewish civilians targeted for extinction by the Nazi regime (perhaps another six million) could have been perpetrated and supported by ordinary human beings as much as by the official state apparatus of programmatic evil.
From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine theories of how and why the Holocaust, or the mass murder of the civilian population of Jews (about six million) and non-Jewish civilians targeted for extinction by the Nazi regime (perhaps another six million) could have been perpetrated and supported by ordinary human beings as much as by the official state apparatus of programmatic evil. The plan of the research will be to set forth the explanations offered by Christopher R. Browning in Ordinary Men and Daniel Jonah Goldhagen in Ordinary Men and Hitler's Willing Executioners, respectively, and then to discuss which of the arguments make the most compelling case and whether and to what extent each argument suggests ways of interpreting the human condition and the prospect of future genocides.
As both Browning and Goldhagen argue, and as the evidence of the ..."
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Rwanda & Genocide in the 20th Century, 1999.
Critical review of account of causes & effects of massacres of half a million Tutsis by Hutus. Examines the international reaction as compared to other genocides.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, AU$ 76.95
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From the Paper
"Alain Destexhe, in Rwanda and Genocide in the Twentieth Century, describes the massacres of half a million Tutsis in Rwanda, places that genocide in its historical context, explains how such a holocaust could occur just fifty years after Hitler, and calls for punishment of the guilty by an international tribunal to forestall another genocide in the future. The book is brief but powerful, leaving the clear impression that what has happened in Rwanda is truly among the three most horrible mass murders in the century. The author is relentless in focusing on the fact that the international community allowed this horror to occur, did little to stop it, funnelled its efforts into largely after-the-fact humanitarianism, and failed to punish the guilty and thus deter future genocide. The author suggests that the world has learned little from the genocides of the Armenians and..."
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Anti-Semitism, 1997.
Historical overview of anti-Semitism from Middle Ages to end of WWII, focusing on Germany & U.S. from 1900 to end of WWII. Assimilation, immigration, ghettoization, politics, religion and law.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 102.95
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From the Paper
"At the beginning of the twentieth century, antisemitism was openly espoused everywhere in the Western world, even in the most respectable circles, to a degree that cannot easily be appreciated today. In consequence, Jews throughout Europe and the United States lived in a state of uncertainty, usually "tolerated" but seldom fully accepted. In the course of the following forty years, European and American Jewry would experience radically different fates. Nazi Germany would attempt to exterminate the Jews of Europe, and would succeed in killing some six million of them. At the same time, American Jews would move more nearly into the mainstream of national life than perhaps any other Jewish community in the Western world. The following discussion will compare the dramatically divergent experiences and fates of the Jewish communities in Germany and.."
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Japanese Internment in WWII, 1996.
Background, sociopolitical conditions & moral & legal argument against putting Japanese in camps in U.S. as threat to security.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 102.95
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From the Paper
"During World War II, the United States interned Japanese residents of the Western states in internment camps such as that at Manzanar in California. The reason was indicated in Executive Order 9066, signed in 1942 by President Roosevelt to give authority to the War Department to define military areas in the western states and to exclude anyone who might be seen as threatening the war effort (Houston and Houston xi-xii). Japanese living in the Western states were seen as potential subversives and were summarily removed to camps to prevent this. The camps operated until after the surrender of Japan, though the U.S. Supreme Court ruled at the end of 1944 that loyal citizens could not be held in detention camps against their will (Houston and Houston, 1973, xii). The United States was wrong to place any Japanese who had not committed any offense into these..."
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Internment of U.S.Japanese Residents in WWII, 2001.
Military rationale. Issues of discrimination, civil liberties. Presidential proclamations & Supreme Court rulings.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 102.95
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From the Paper
"During World War II, the United States interned Japanese residents of the Western states in internment camps such as that at Manzanar in California. The reason was indicated in Executive Order 9066, signed in 1942 by President Roosevelt to give authority to the War Department to define military areas in the western states and to exclude anyone who might be seen as threatening the war effort (Houston and Houston xi-xii). Japanese living in the Western states were seen as potential subversives and were summarily removed to camps to prevent this. The camps operated until after the surrender of Japan, though the U.S. Supreme Court ruled at the end of 1944 that loyal citizens could not be held in detention camps against their will (Houston and Houston, 1973, xii). The United States was wrong to place any Japanese who had not committed any offense into..."
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Hitler's Final Solution, 2001.
Analysis of systematic murder of European Jews. "Intentionist" and "functionalist" explanations. Role of Nazi Party propaganda, European anti-Semitism.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 7 sources, AU$ 89.95
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From the Paper
"The "Final Solution," or systematic murder of the European Jews, fit Adolf Hitler's ideology from the very beginning of his career, but it was not part of his plan for the Third Reich until circumstances made it possible. For more than two decades historians have debated the "intentionalist" and "functionalist" explanations of the Final Solution. Intentionalists hold that the direction of the Reich was primarily guided by Hitler's decisions which were "calculated or 'intended' to realize the goals of an ideologically derived 'program'" that he had followed since the 1920s. In this view, the death camps were the long-awaited culmination of Hitler's program. Functionalists, on the other hand, argue that the Final Solution was not part of a comprehensive plan, "rather, the Holocaust resulted from the failure or unfeasibility of increasingly radical plans to [expel]..."
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