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Why the Holocaust Happened in Germany, 2007.
This paper explores the idea that the Holocaust was not an exclusive event chosen by the German people due to their hatred of Jews.
1,521 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Raul Hilberg and Christopher Browning's understanding of how the Holocaust happened. The paper discusses their claim that the Holocaust was not an exclusive event chosen by the German people due to their hatred for Jews, but was due to a combination of factors including the administrative smoothness of the operation, the impersonal quality of the killing and the belief that it had to do with the frailty of human beings in general. The paper concludes by refuting the argument presented by Daniel Goldhagen that the Holocaust was an exclusively German event. The paper uses MLA style footnotes but does not append a bibliography.
From the Paper
"The pivotal question to the debate on the Holocaust is whether it could have happened only in Germany by ethnically German people, or whether it was a set of various factors that would produce the same results regardless of the ethnicity of the people. Hilberg argues that being German was irrelevant, and that such a thing could happen in any society even today. The Holocaust was not executed by the German people because of some deep-seeded German hatred for Jews, but instead was able to occur due to the vast German bureaucratic system. The "final solution" did not consist of a single department staffed with specialists in destruction, but instead it was a multi-pronged operation of a highly decentralized apparatus, which included all parts of German society, its ministries, armed forces, party formations, and industry."
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Nazi Camps: The Beginnings, 2006.
This paper takes a different look at the concentration camps of World War II, analyzing their original purpose.
1,486 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a brief look at the beginnings and evolution of the Nazi concentration camps. The writer looks at the original purpose of these camps and at their evolution into death camps. The writer also argues that the Jewish people were not the only victims and the prisoners were not just Jews. The writer points out that righteous people, trying to stand up for the rights of their fellow man and people of many different ethnicities and religions were all victims of the Nazi campaign. The writer concludes that World War II and the Jewish Holocaust changed humanity.
From the Paper
"World War II and the Jewish Holocaust is remembered as the darkest moment of humanity in recent history. It is generally believed that the Nazi party, under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, was on a quest to rid the world of Jewish people. The pictures of starving men and women in German concentration camps are probably remembered most. Most people believe that those men and women are the poor Jews hated by all Germans. However, the persecution included people of many faiths and ethnicities. The truth of the matter is that the camps were not originally planned to be extermination plants, and actually for the first few years only a small percentage of prisoners were Jewish."
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Nazi Big Business, 2002.
This paper offers a historiography of Nazi big business.
4,926 words (approx. 19.7 pages), 12 sources, APA, AU$ 201.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the relatively easy accessibility of sources from the archives of former Nazi organizations or the state bureaucracy has inevitably resulted in a large number of analyses from the perspective of the German government, as long as material from company archives remained difficult to come by. Although a good deal of compromising primary material came to light in connection with the Nuremberg trials, the writer points out that it was only in the 1960s that the archives of some of the major companies involved in the use of forced and slave labor became available, making possible a serious testing of the various studies that had been written on the subject. As important data became more accessible, scholars have been able to approach the problem from the perspective of Germany's industrial elites. In this essay, the writer provides an extensive comparative analysis of several of these works.
From the Paper
"Published in 1942, Neumann's Behemoth was, arguably the most significant attempt of its day at a scholarly and painstaking analysis of the background, working principles and practices, and state of Nazi Germany. His research led him to reject many of the accepted explanations of both the origin and character of the Nazi ideology and practice. Neumann, a former member of the Berlin bar who was for a time counsel to the German trade unions, came to the conclusion that there was not one ruling class in Germany, but four- the Nazi party, the army, the bureaucracy, and the industrial leaders. The industrial leaders arose with the growth of German capitalism and did not acquire real importance until after the aims of a greater Prussia found fulfillment in the German Empire created by Bismarck."
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"Envy; Or, Yiddish in America", 2005.
An analysis of Cynthia Ozick's short story, "Envy; Or, Yiddish in America".
3,360 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 153.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the short story, "Envy; Or, Yiddish in America" by Cynthia Ozick. According to the paper, the story reveals the author's nuanced feelings toward the disappearance of the Yiddish language and culture. The paper discusses how, although on the surface "Envy" seems mostly critical of Yiddish writers-- as if they either are talentless or almost betray the Jewish community--its underlying message is that a once vibrant community has been destroyed to such an extent that its survivors are hopeless unless they are able to escape it. The paper reports that the story is about the need to rebuild in order to preserve at least some aspect of the Yiddish community Ozick loves and respects.
From the Paper
"Ozick structures her essay around the claim that "in order to believe in the real possibility of translation, the translator must believe in certain impossible theses... [which are] important, useful and false" (Metaphor and Memory 200). The first false premise a translator must accept is that poems are "uncovered" rather than translated "because without this belief a translation can never be seen as a thing achieved, concluded finished" (Metaphor and Memory 200). Thus, the hack fails even Ozick's first premise for translation. Although Ozick's essay focuses on poetry, the hack's translation methods stray so far from those suggested by Ozick that it is reasonable to conclude Ozick disapproves of the hack's technique. The hack continues to search for synonyms until Ostrover chooses one to his liking--she strays from Ozick's ideal in which a work is "uncovered" and the translator determines the final form of the work."
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Justice Delayed, 2002.
This paper explores restitution and the forced auto laborers of the Holocaust.
5,431 words (approx. 21.7 pages), 43 sources, APA, AU$ 214.95
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Abstract
The paper describes how General Motors and Ford became an integral part of the Nazi war effort in Germany. The paper discusses the subhuman conditions faced by slaves and forced laborers who performed strenuous, back-breaking work for these corporations. The paper addresses how a modern state came to rely heavily on forced labor through cruel and oppressive measures. The paper looks at the compensation finally offered by Ford, Volkswagen, Daimler-Benz and General Motors and the survivors' reaction to this.
From the Paper
"After the autumn of 1941, the German political-economic logic of occupation was set aside and the Third Reich vision of total conquest took over. Taking its cue from the political regime, the automobile industry threw tens of thousands of foreign workers and concentration camp inmates into its battle to produce airplane motors, trucks, tanks, and spare parts. The facilities of the automobile factories had become collections of labor processes and assembly lines which the brutalized men and women deported from their homes could service. The dialectic which haunted the history of this industry- the seemingly inescapable economic vulnerability of its enterprises in a land where most people still couldn't afford to purchase their own cars, coupled with its constant effort to project power and to accumulate wealth- consumed the thousands of laborers working in its factories."
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Jewish American Literature, 2005.
An analysis of the paradox of Jewish American literature as explained by Isaac Rosenfeld and Elie Wiesel.
1,389 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, even though they often express themselves in multiple languages, through diverse media and with differing intentions, Jewish American authors are somehow united in creating a common body of literature that can be identified as both Jewish and American. It looks at how, although the links between some Jewish American works may seem obscure, authors such as Isaac Rosenfeld and Elie Wiesel have elucidated their common underpinnings by exploring the obstacles, responsibilities, and strengths shared by their writers.
From the Paper
"Since many early writers of Jewish American fiction focused on the experiences of new immigrants and their children, they by definition had to deal with balancing their Jewish and American selves. In doing so, they questioned aspects of mainstream American culture ranging from adherence to religious standards to prioritization of material success, consequently delving more deeply into staples of American distinctiveness than their non-Jewish peers. Precisely as Rosenfeld suggests, early alienation was fruitful in that it forced writers to question their surroundings. As the protagonists of Jewish fiction seek to move from outsider to insider, they confront the very meaning of Americanism and are forced to choose which aspects of their earlier Jewish identities they are willing to sacrifice."
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The Motivation and Intent Behind "Maus", 2005.
A review of the motivation behind Art Spiegelman's books "Maus: A Survivor's Tale: My Father Bleeds History" and "Maus: A Survivor's Tale: And Here My Troubles Began".
1,818 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the purpose and intent of Art Spiegelman's books "Maus: A Survivor's Tale: My Father Bleeds History" and "Maus: A Survivor's Tale: And Here My Troubles Began". The paper discusses the intensely personal side of the story and suggests that it tells a great deal about Spiegelman's motivations for creating these books. It discusses the themes and emotions that he reveals in the books.
From the Paper
"When considering Art Spiegelman's books Maus: A Survivor's Tale: My Father Bleeds History and Maus: A Survivor's Tale: And Here My Troubles Began, the reader twice asks, "Why did Art Spiegelman write these?" That is, the reader wonders what purpose Spiegelman hoped his books would serve, and what personally drove Spiegelman to write the books in the first place. Though related, these are two different questions. These books are very personal works that not only chronicle his father's experiences as a Jew in Poland during WWII, but also reveal "Artie's" struggles to relate to his father. The intensely personal side of the story tells a great deal about Spiegelman's motivations for creating these books; this aspect is about Artie. Yet clearly purpose of the books is not to tell Artie's story, but to tell Vladek's."
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The Nazi Concentration Camps, 2006.
A review of the concentration camps of Nazi Germany, written from a personal perspective.
973 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the lives of those living in Nazi concentration camps during the Holocaust. The purpose of this paper is to try and show the inhuman brutality of these concentration camps. The paper further discusses the extermination camps that were built in 1942 with the purpose of murdering Jews.
From the Paper
" Many prisoners eventually became what were known as Muselmanner. The Muselmanner are persons destroyed, devastated, shattered wrecks strung between life and death. They are the victims of a stepwise annihilation of human beings. The mere external appearance of the Muselmanner bespoke profound dehumanization. In a final stage of emaciation, their skeletons were enveloped by flaccid, parchmentlike sheaths of skin, edema had formed on their feet and thighs, their posterior muscles had collapsed. Their skulls seemed elongated; their noses dripped constantly, mucus running down their chins. Their eyeballs had sunk deep into their sockets; their gaze was glazed. Their limbs moved slowly, hesitantly, almost mechanically. They exuded a penetrating, acrid odor; sweat, urine, liquid feces trickled down their legs. The rags that covered their freezing frames were full of lice; their skin was covered with scabies. Most suffered from diarrhea. They ate anything they could lay their hands on--moldy bread, cheese wriggling with worms, raw bits of turnip, garbage fished from the bins. "
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The Nazi Occupation of Poland and France, 2007.
This paper examines WWII and the differences in the way the Nazis treated their subjects after their invasions of Poland and France.
3,315 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 14 sources, MLA, AU$ 151.95
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Abstract
This paper stresses that many of Germany's policies in both Poland and France during the occupation were similar as far as the Jewish population was concerned; however, the people of France clearly showed more willingness to cooperate with these policies than the Poles, despite the fact that Poland had a much larger Jewish population, in both numbers and per capita, than France. The author further points out that the Germans systematically destroyed the economy of Poland for the solitary purpose of helping the German war effort; whereas, the Germans gave many resources to the French economy to help reestablish it after the devastation from WWI. The paper relates that, in the sphere of government, France was given autonomy through the Vichy government, whereas the Poles, seen as nothing better than pack animals, barely more worthy of life than Jews, were given no such autonomy.
From the Paper
"One of the first actions of the German administration of Northern France was to try to make the region economically stable again. This was not done out of the goodness of the Nazis' hearts, but rather because France could become a valuable factory for war material and food. This area of France was also where the proposed invasion of Britain, "Operation Sealion", was to be launched. The iron, steel, and other natural resource industries were nationalized in order to give the Germans better control. In order to try to prevent wartime inflation and shortages, price controls were instituted."
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"Man's Search For Meaning" and "Warriors Don't Cry", 2004.
A comparative analysis of the books "Man's Search For Meaning" by Viktor Frankl and "Warriors Don't Cry" by Melba Pattillo Beals.
849 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 0 sources, MLA, AU$ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the books "Man's Search For Meaning" by Viktor Frankl and "Warriors Don't Cry" by Melba Pattillo Beals are comparable on many levels. It looks at how both deal with oppression of a group of people because of religious and/or ethnic differences. It examines how Frankl's novel is a recollection of his experiences in the Nazi Death Camps during World War II, and how he found a way to survive not only physically, but mentally as well. It also looks at how "Warriors Don't Cry" is about Beals' experience as one of nine black children to be integrated into Central High School in 1957 and the persecution that she and her fellow classmates faced.
From the Paper
"When the school year ended for Melba, as well as when the prisoners were liberated from the camps, happiness was not all of the sudden restored, but it was an emotion that had to be relearned in both situations. On page 310 in Warriors Don't Cry, Beals states, "It would take years of sorting out my Central High experience before the pieces of my life puzzle would come together and I could make sense of what happened to me". The trauma that Melba and her fellow black peers had experienced robbed them of all emotion that could be connected to the situation. In order to stop the pain, they blocked out feeling all together. "
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Auschwitz, 2007.
A description of life in the Auschwitz concentration camp.
1,785 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 92.95
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Abstract
This essay provides an overview of the history of Auschwitz. It takes the reader through the process from the prisoners' arrival by train to their eventual means of extermination or liberation. The paper describes the different groups into which the prisoners were split and their fates.
From the Paper
"On October 7th, 1944, a group of inmates came together during an uprising, taking SS guards by surprise using makeshift weapons of stones, axes, hammers, and homemade grenades. They overcame the SS guards and blew up a crematorium with smuggled explosives. Hundreds of prisoners ended up escaping, but were recaptured and executed promptly. This revolt, although the most effective of all attempts, still did not liberate any of the prisoners."
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Jewish and Christian Writings on the Holocaust, 2006.
A comparison of Emil Fackenheim's book on the Holocaust, "God's Presence in History, Jews Affirmations and Philosophical Reflections" with that of Dietrich Bonhoeffer's book on the same topic, "Letters and Papers from Prison.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 2 sources, AU$ 128.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly compares and contrasts the perspectives on the Holocaust of Emil L. Fackenheim and Dietrich Bonhoeffer. Fackenheim's essay, taken from his book "God's Presence in History, Jewish Affirmations and Philosophical Reflections", is written from the perspective of a Jew who lived through the experiences of the Holocaust. Bonhoeffer's "Letters and Papers from Prison" is written by a member of the Christian community with an indirect, intellectual connection to the Holocaust.
From the Paper
"The study of the Holocaust is in part the study of history's treatment of the Jewish community. Jews have traditionally been subject to isolationism, and there are a large number of persons active in theological studies who suggest that this isolationism has been extended at times to take the form of aggressive persecution. This latter perception of Judaism often draws upon noteworthy events to make their case that Jews have suffered as a result of their adherence to their faith; the Holocaust is one event that is effective in illustrating these themes as it is a comparatively recent occurrence and the depth of crimes committed against the Jewish community during this time are both serious and numerous. This paper shall compare and contrast the perspectives of Emil L. Fackenheim and Dietrich Bonhoeffer."
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An Analysis of Browning and Goldhagen, 2006.
An analysis of the work of Browning and Goldhagen regarding the role of the German military police in WWII.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 2 sources, AU$ 99.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the books 'Ordinary Men: Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland' by Christopher Browning and 'Hitler's Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust' by Daniel Goldhagen in order to understand the different scholarly interpretations of German military police during the Second World War. The paper discusses how both historians examined the motives and conduct of German military police personnel, cited primary source evidence they believed supported their interpretations of German motivations and actions, and provided important insights regarding psychological and operational aspects of the Holocaust.
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Pope Pius XII, 2006.
Examines the role of Pope Pius XII in regards to the Jewish Holocaust of World War II.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 10 sources, AU$ 142.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the Holocaust history before during and after the Second World as well as the policies of Pope Pius. Although Pope Pius XII was able to give clandestine help to a small margin of Jews that were being attacked and killed by Nazis, there was no determined effort that offered humanitarian public support for what Hitler was doing during the Holocaust.
From the Paper
"By researching the various speeches and other formal Roman Catholic policy in relation to Pope Pius, one can realize the often negative non-compliance in preventing the mass murder of Hitler's regime. By observing the 'neutral' stance of the pope while these atrocities occurred, the basis for supporting Hitler's actions against the Jewish population seems well founded."
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Universal Declaration of Rights, 2006.
A discussion regarding the history of the United Nations' Universal Declaration of Rights.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the United Nations' Universal Declaration of Rights focuses on the rights of human beings in all countries regardless of their political of societal concerns. According to the paper, the fundamental principle that seems to be evident in the document is that all people in every country are entitled to be respected as human beings. The rights that are given to people through this document are rights that are basic but that have historically been ignored throughout history. The paper further discusses the history of this document, stating that it is a direct result of the holocaust. National leaders banded together to create the document as an assurance that such a horrific event would not occur again in history. The 1948 document of the United Nations, therefore, is a reminder that human beings should always be treated with dignity in every respect.
From the Paper
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Racism and Borowski and Hemingway, 2005.
A look at the theme of racism in the short stories of Tadeusz Borowski and Ernest Hemingway.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 2 sources, AU$ 42.95
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Abstract
Two short tales are examined, "This Way for the Gas, Ladies and Gentleman" by Tadeusz Borowski, and "Indian Camp" by Ernest Hemingway and the paper offers a social comment on racism. The characters presented must undergo crucial events that define the social problems being implemented between racial divides. The paper looks at how the outcome of death and guilt are the common result of the shame that is constructed through racial domination that devalues life to the lowest common denominator.
From the Paper
"The theme of racism is important within the events that impart a comment on society within the short novel: This Way for the Gas, Ladies and Gentleman by Tadeusz Borowski and the short story: "Indian Camp" by Earnest Hemingway. By analyzing how racism affects the main characters in these stories, one can understand how tragedy, guilt, and death often ensue due to the pain of racial alienation in these short stories. In Borowski's This Way to the Gas, Ladies and Gentleman the numerous events of guilt due to surviving the gas chamber at an Nazi death camp impart a stern racism to Jewish people."
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