Language and Culture

Paper Summary:

This paper explains that, through language, people formulate and express their thoughts, suggesting that learning a second language is a complex task, not simply a matter of learning a system of rules for linking sounds and meanings. The author believes that bilingual children in Singapore should be encouraged to speak their first language and should be assisted to learn English as their second language because the government and society put constant pressure on children to master English to survive economically. The paper relates that materials used in teaching multilevel and age group children must be authentic developmentally and age-appropriate and be related to their prior experience in learning English as a second language.


Table of Contents
Introduction
Multilevel and Multi Age Group
Recommendations for ESL Teachers
Deculturation
Recommendations for ESL Teachers
Conclusion

From the Paper:

"When teaching TESOL along with the first language, teachers should keep in mind some important factors. They should carry out effective practices such as simplifying the language used, incorporating a variety of learning styles as different children learn differently though their aim is to learn English. Teachers should prepared to give some extra time to process the answer and the questions being asked. Educators should remember not to correct grammar constantly as these children are learning English as a second language compared to their first. Children will get frustrated and be hesitant to speak if they are constantly being corrected. Instead, model the correct English structure to the child. For example, if a child incorrectly says, "He no giving to me the paper." The teacher could model the correct structure, while clarifying meaning: "He didn't give you the paper?" "

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