Abstract
This paper explains the extent of the U.S. Patriot Act. It discusses how civil liberties and legal defense groups are troubled by the cases and predict that the government will soon be using harsh anti-terrorism laws against ordinary lawbreakers. It explains that the U.S.A. Patriot Act has thus expanded the surveillance and investigative powers of law enforcement agencies. The American government may use this Act to fight terrorism in a more effective manner, but this Act will cost Americans much in terms of lost civil liberties and personal rights.

From the Paper
"One of the worst, yet momentous events in U.S history occurred on September 11th, 2001. This event released a flow of patriotic fervor and a permanent fear among all Americans that they had also now become suspect to acts of international terrorists. This led to a lot of changes in the attitudes of the executive and legislative branches in the United States government. They came up almost immediately with new measures, which were supposedly against terrorism or terrorist threats. One of the principle acts passed by them was called "Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001," also called the USA Patriot Act. This was signed and approved as law by President Bush on October 26th, 2001. This act is one of the most sweeping acts passed in the history of modern America. The Act affects the civil liberties of the citizens of USA and even non-citizens who are residing in America on a regular basis."

Tags:liberty, terrorism

Abstract
This paper discusses how America's working environment might be if the Civil Rights Act of 1964 had not been enacted. Title VII is one section of the Act that prohibits employers from discriminating on the basis of race, sex, color, religion, or national origin. This paper highlights the evolution of Title VII, its impact in the workplace, discusses who is covered and who is not, and examines what types of policies a company should implement to avoid violations of Title VII.

From the Paper
"This act protects all employees, regardless of classification or managerial level, in both the private and government sectors. In 1991, the act extended to all U.S. citizens employed by American employers outside the United States, except where it violated the law of the hosting country (Bennett-Alexander et al., 2003). In addition, it also protects foreign nationals employed within the United States and its protectorates. Unfortunately this act does not cover everyone. Employers with less than 15 employees are not require to follow the guidelines set by Title VII."

Tags:Martin, Luther, King, EEOC, EPA

Abstract
Legislation relating to discrimination in the workplace that affects modern workers can be related to the Equal Pay Act of 1963 and the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Equal Pay Act focused on gender and wages, attempting to create a national law that prohibited employers from paying women less than men for the same type of work. This paper maintains that, unfortunately, discrimination in relation to equal pay still exists in the United States, demonstrating that these laws had little effect on the realities within the workplace.

Tags:counseling, job, discrimination

Abstract
This paper examines the affects of the "No Child Left Behind Law" on the Elementary and Secondary Education Act that was originally passed in 1965. The paper defines the new law and then examines how it was supposed work. Some of the topics discussed include discussion of Title 1 with great detail about whether or not the law will be implemented as it was intended, paying close attention to the weaknesses in the legislation. The paper looks at individual states' compliance, the question of funding in middle schools for extra reading programs and the challenge of getting the information out about the law and the schools' rights under it. The author also points out it should assist in the improvement of the quality of educators and hold low-performing schools accountable and demand improvement. The law will also mean big changes in testing policies for elementary and middle schools, changes in the state accountability systems and increased state and local government involvement in the education systems in order to monitor compliance with the new regulations for funding.

From the Paper
"While a determined band of educators, advocates, and their philanthropic clique have pushed hard over the past decade and a half to improve the achievement and development of young adolescents, federally funded programs have practically ignored these students. Title I funds touched them infrequently, focusing chiefly on elementary school grades. Vocational education funds were for high school students. Safe and Drug Free Schools, Gear Up, and fractions of other programs helped students in the middle grades a bit, but no federal money supported their core academic learning."

Tags:programs, state, federal, 2001, grades, school, elementary, middle, money, enforce, requirements, districts, title, 1, naep, litigation, rights, civil, african, american, white, frameworks, testing, accountability, plan

Abstract
The following paper discusses the abundance of medical and scientific evidence in support of the damage caused by Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS), or second-hand smoke. This paper proposes that, there is now sufficient medical evidence to support a legal ban of smoking in public places.

From the Paper
"One of the major functions of our country's legislation is to protect all Americans from being injured or killed as a result of the irresponsible and illegal behavior of others. There are specific laws in place to protect us from someone who drives recklessly or under the influence of alcohol and there are laws designed to shield us from those who may wish to harm us with violence."

Tags:second-hand, smoke, tobacco, sidestream, smoke, burning, cigarette, mainstream, smoke

Abstract
This paper uses the case discussed in Jonathon Harr's book "A Civil Action" to explain the system of Anglo/American tort law--the workings and limitations of the system and the intended goals as opposed to real life actualities. It follows case facts and describes the outcome, while explaining all the ensuing legal factors. Also included is an account of the historical divergence of civil obligations and tort law.

From the paper:

"Harr?s book relates the story of a type of case that is all too sadly familiar: A large corporation (in this case actually two large corporations) contaminate the environment because it is cheaper dump solvents than to dispose of them legally. The reason that corporations are supposed to be restrained from such cheap but illegal dumping is the threat of either criminal charges being made or of civil litigation. In other words, corporations are supposed to behave themselves because if they don?t then they will get sued. But the important catch to this argument, as this book shows, is that corporations do not in fact have a great deal to fear from civil litigation. All too often, the person who wins civil litigation is the person (or corporation) who can continue to pay for a lawyer longer than the other side. The results of civil litigation have less to do with right and wrong than with whose pockets were the deepest to begin with."

Tags:Harr, environment, punitive

Abstract
The paper examines the reasons why people do and do not wear seatbeats in their cars. It shows the results of not wearing a seatbelt when involved in an accident and discusses the deaths of two professional athletes, Mike Darr and Derrick Thomas, who were involved in fatal accidents when they didn't wear seatbelts.

From the Paper
"People shouldn't believe every story flying around these days. The truth is that ALL driving can be dangerous, seatbelt vs. no seatbelt. However, drivers and passengers should ALWAYS wear a seatbelt, whether it's going a block from the house or on a road trip. It's a dangerous game to play when driving without a seatbelt. With the help of two pro athletes' deaths, Mike Darr and Derrick Thomas, this essay illustrates that wearing a seatbelt will not only save a life, but also make people feel more secure while they are in a car."

Tags:buckle, up, drunk, hospital, security

Abstract
This research paper argues that immigration in the U.S. has reached a crisis and we need to rethink our immigration policies. The paper briefly touches on the history of immigration, present immigration problems such as illegals, expert opinions, and ends with a call for an immigration moratorium.

Tags:liberty, amnesty, asylum, economics, labor, nativism

From the Paper
"The Exclusionary Rule

This paper will discuss the history and application of the exclusionary rule as it has been applied to searches. The first part of the paper will describe the Fourth Amendment protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, as well as the purpose and goals of the exclusionary rule. The second part will discuss the evolution of the exclusionary rule. The third part will examine the exceptions to the exclusionary rule.

The application of the exclusionary rule to evidence seized during searches was developed over time as a "remedy" for unreasonable searches and seizures by the government. The Fourth Amendment contains the prohibition against unreasonable searches and seizures and the exclusionary rule generally requires the exclusion from trial of any evidence seized in violation of the Fourth Amendment."

Abstract
This paper discusses the new anti-terror laws in Australia and how these impact Australian human rights. It examines what these new laws involve, what entrenching a Bill of Rights would involve and the possible outcomes of an entrenchment of the Australian Constitution. The author of the paper ultimately argues that a Bill of Rights is not necessary to protect the fundamental rights of the Australian people.

From the Paper
"If a Bill of Rights were introduced into Australia, judges would have ultimate power in deciding what actually constitutes human rights (Kerby 1995). Instead of the parliament and the elected politicians deciding on the rights of the people, this would be left to judges (Kerby, 1995). Some argue that this is giving them too much power. It is said that middle aged, upper class and predominantly white males cannot possibly know what is best for all demographics of the Australian nation and have no way in determining the will of the people (Kerby, 1995). Others also believe that judiciary's are unreliable as the sole determiners of human rights as a Constitutional Bill of Rights would enable them to establish their own political agendas (Gibbs, 2000). In addition, their decisions would no doubt be made on personal morals, views and beliefs (Gibbs, 2000). Also there would be an increase of power for those with wealth. By this it is meant that it would be the wealthy who could afford the legal action to achieve their agendas in how the bill was interpreted (Malcolm ,1998)."

Tags:judicial, liberties, power, ASIO