Abstract
This paper explores the Nazi consolidation of power, and the manner in which Hitler assumed control over Germany. It looks at the historical and political maneuverings of Hitler from the early 1930's and how his propaganda machine enabled him to enchant the German public, gain enough political power he needed to eventually overtake most of Europe.

From the Paper
"Gleischaltung operated for the Nazis through opportunism and careful planning, through which the Nazi party was able to eventually gain power. The exploitation of the Reichstag fire to create the Reichstag fire decree allowed the creation of a conservative coalition and the creation of a broad support base through the existence of conservative activities, this broad support base allowed the implementation of the enabling law. Following the allowance of emergency decree the Nazis were able the suppress opposition and create inflammatory activities, further allowing the removal of opposition, culminating in the purge of the SA, and the adoption of Fuehrer upon the death of Hindenburg."

Tags:republic, weimar, ww2, reich

Abstract
This paper examines the Battle of Passchendaele, the third major battle during World War I, for the capture and control of Ypres and its surrounding area between July and November 1917. In particular it discusses why the battle should have been called off after it became apparent that the breaking through the German Lines was impossible during World War I. It looks at how the offensive cost the British Expeditionary Force about 310,000 casualties and how Sir Douglas Haig was severely criticized for continuing with the attacks long after the operation had lost any real strategic value.

From the Paper
"Germany's Fourth Army held off the core British advance restricting British gains to small ones the left of the line. Attacks by the allies on the German front-line were sustained in spite of very heavy rain that turned the Ypres flatlands into a swamp. The situation was made worse by the fact that the British heavy bombardment had destroyed the drainage system in the area. The heavy mud created very bad problems for the infantry and the use of tanks became impossible. Ultimately Sir Douglas Haig called off the attacks and did not resume the offensive until late September."

Tags:haig, france, germany, ypres

Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of French cinema during the Nazi occupation of France. The writer presents a history of the occupation and how it directly affected several aspects of the French cinema field. The writer goes over technical differences, as well as political restraints to illustrate the hold the occupation had over the industry, though many fought to maintain their individual styles.

From the Paper
"At this point in history it cannot be denied that the German occupation of France had far reaching ramifications. The occupation by the Nazi regime affected social as well as political arenas and the total affect was historical. One of the least recognized venues affected by the Nazi occupation of France was the French cinema industry. The French cinema industry was oppressed, and the results of that oppression have been felt for years afterward. The occupation and the subsequent control attempts of the industry caused changes in the technical as well as the creative aspects of the industry."

Tags:german, oppressive, cinema, culture

Abstract
This paper delves into the origin of WWI, focusing on the crisis in the Balkans. The paper explains that within Great Britain there had been growing sentiment for some time that there would have to be a "show down" the colonies in Africa, Britain's declining trade monopoly and to stop what the English put as the German desire to rule continental Europe. The writer explores the causes for the start of the war and the extent to which the entire world was brought into the fight.

From the Paper
"World War One, the Great War, was the culmination of decades of rivalry, militarism and nationalism, all of which helped to make Europe as unstable as it was in 1914, before the outbreak of war. In this essay it will be argued that no country was to blame for the First World War; France, Russia, Germany, Austria Hungary and Great Britain all played a role in escalating the conflict."

Tags:balkans, history, germany, great, britain, europe

Abstract
This paper argues that the participation of the average German soldier in barbarity in this conflict was because of the acceptance throughout all levels of the German military that they were participating in a crusade.

Tags:action, de, humanization, lebensraum, propaganda, race

Abstract
In this article, the writer conducts a comparison of the types of warfare conducted by Australians on the Western Front and at Gallipoli during the First World War. This is done through comparing five important areas of warfare in the two theatres. The areas compared are the technologies that were utilized, the primary tactics employed, the strategies that were in place, the every day life of soldiers in the two theatres and the relationship that Australians shared with their enemies. Through this research it is concluded that although there are some common features between the warfare fought on the Western Front and at Gallipoli, there are also a large amount of contrasts.

From the Paper
"One of the major differences between the warfare fought by Australian soldiers on the Western Front and in the Gallipoli campaign is many of the technologies that were used. The technologies used on the Western Front by and against Australians were both varied and on the cutting edge of military technological development at the time. Artillery by the time the Australians reached the front were massed in huge numbers and were of far heavier calibers than those used at Gallipoli. A good example of the sheer numbers of artillery used on the Western Front lies in the 1916 Somme Offensive. During this offensive around 1400 artillery pieces were used in the week long initial bombardment of the German defences."

Tags:soldier, WW1, peronne, digger, trench, tactics, strategy

Abstract
This paper examines Primo Levi's "If This is a Man", which discusses the true nature of man, and his ability to adapt in degrading circumstances, when faced with evil and dehumanization. The paper maintains that although the prisoners of Auschwitz were degraded and demoralized, they were not able to be dehumanized for the choice to give up is a personal decision that cannot be made by another. The paper states that Primo's work provides insight into the lives and nature of the victims of the Holocaust. It concludes that analysis of this text may broaden one's knowledge of the Holocaust and Jewish culture, as well as man's ability to adapt and handle depersonalisation.

From the Paper
"In the initiation process that welcomed prisoners to Auschwitz they were stripped of every ounce of their identity that could be taken: "Nothing belongs to us any more; they have taken away our clothes, our shoes, even our hair; if we speak, they will not listen, and if they listen they will not understand." (p.33) Even their names were removed and replaced by numbers, tattooed on their bodies; with which they would be identified: "He is Null Achtzehn. He is not called anything except that, Zero Eighteen, the last three figures of his entry number; as if everyone was aware that only a man is worthy of a name, and that Null Achtzehn is no longer a man" (p.48). The prisoners soon realize that along with individuality all social distinctions and subtleties, good and bad, wise and foolish, the cushions of law, social habits and morals within the camp are reduced to zero. In the concentration camps "there is only survival or death" (p.59). Deprived of all human-defining aspects they begin a new existence as nothing more than laboring units. It is this first initiation process that starts the erosion of the prisoners' humanity."

Tags:WWII, dehumanization, holocaust

Abstract
This paper pertains to Speer's career, showing him as one of the most influential members of the Nazi party. It examines his rise to prominence with in the Nazi party and how he managed to achieve the aims he set his mind to. Subsequently this paper confronts, and covers Speer's effect on German armament, munitions and the total war effort.

From the Paper
"The nature of Speer's career altered through the changing nature of the German government and war effort. Speer rose from an unimportant architect through his competency to his more prominent work on Germania, while his efficiency in the completion of the new Reichstag building propelled Speer to logistical war work. Culminating from Speer's achievements in resettlement and war construction Speer was promoted to Armaments minister and then central controller of Germany's raw materials. Speer displayed remarkable competency within his work, and through his intelligence he became one of the most influential members of the Nazi party."

Tags:germany, gleischaltung, munitions, nazi, todt, volksgemeinschaft

Abstract
This essay argues that Hitler's charismatic leadership has been an overrated factor in the success of National Socialism in pre-war Germany. The author contends that the appeal of the NSDAP was its rhetoric and propaganda tapped into preexisting social values and standards, such as German folk and rural movements. The author concludes that Hitler did not appear in a political vacuum, nor did he ascend to power alone, nor did he present much that was new. Various historical references are presented throughout the paper to support the author's thesis.

From the Paper
"The psychological and historical appeal of fascism to the German people, particularly the ruling and corporate elites living under Weimar, cannot be understated. The instability of government and economics during this period, and the fragmentary and combative relationship between left- and right-wing parties between World War I and 1928 spawned a fertile rejection of centrist ideologies. Conventional historiography suggests that German fascism was both a reversionary response to post-Enlightenment liberalism and a protective reaction to socialism; it soldered together hitherto disparate interests with the common goals of nationalist regeneration, social unity and subordination to state and leader."

Tags:Pre-War Germany, Fascism, Antisemitism, propaganda

Abstract
In the 1920's Hitler created a youth movement that would spearhead a new generation of superior Germans. He named it the Hitler Jugend or Hitler Youth. The paper looks at the circumstances in which the Hitler Youth was introduced and why it was so popular with German youths. It discusses the purpose of the movement including the activities it involved.

From the Paper
"By 1933 Hitler's dream of the Hitler Youth being a staging point for a new Germany was set back when he found out that only but 100 thousand members were part of it. Hitler was not swayed by this, and in 1934 when he came to complete power, he concluded that in order to make the Hitler Youth an epic organization, all other youth groups must be shut down and the Hitler Youth must be the sole and best organization for young Germans. His idea worked and with much encouragement and promotion of the benefits of joining, by 1936 the number of members had reached a staggering 4 million. Although this was a huge number Hitler was not convinced that it would satisfy his dreams, so in that same year, 1936, Hitler made it compulsory to be a member but not compulsory to be an active one. In 1939 and the introduction of war, attendance of non-active members had dropped to 25%, so Hitler made it compulsory to be an active member."

Tags:jugend, nazi, propaganda, reich, third