Abstract
This paper examines the differences and similarities of consumer behavior in Japan and Indonesia in terms of their natural system, political system, economic system, social system, knowledge system, educational system, executive system and marketing system. Marketing implications are also provided.

From the Paper
"It can be argued that Indonesia and Japan are two of most attractive markets in Asia. Indonesia has a fast growing population and Japan can be considered as the most developed Asian country. This paper will analyze, evaluate and note differences and similarities of the natural system, political system, economic system, social system, knowledge system, educational system, executive system and marketing system of Indonesia and Japan. Consumer behavior topics and marketing implications relevant to the systems mentioned above will also be discussed in details. It is believed that changes in consumer behavior in both countries over the recent years will help marketers to analyze consumers' increasing influence, to educate and protect consumers, formulate public and personal policy."

Tags:behavior, consumer, indonesia, japan

Abstract
This paper looks at different types of leadership models and what types of leadership needs to be adopted to suceed in diferent cultures. The paper focuses on the comparison between the types of leadership skills needed in Australian and Chinese cultures and how these need to differ in order to succeed.

From the Paper
"Leadership is defined as influencing group members to achieve organisational goals. It is more then simply holding a management position. A good leader must possess the skills to motivate subordinates effectively and develop a leadership style based on the understanding of the Chinese national culture. (Cullen, 2002, pp. 534- 535). This essay will discuss the differences between the Australian and Chinese culture based on Hofstede's model and the type of leadership style needed by an Australian leader to succeed in China. A leader needs to develop their style from the understanding of the Chinese national and business culture."

Tags:china, australia

Abstract
This paper provides information on Web use in the computer industry across two countries - Australia and China. The writer explains that these two places have a different economy, customer purchasing behavior and culture in the computer industry, in order to identify how online marketing strategies affects IT organization performance.

Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Background
Conceptualization
Methodology
Findings and Discussion
Managerial Implications
Future Research
Conclusions

From the Paper
"The Internet has already changed the face of communication in the most dramatic way. No previous technology has expanded as quickly or as globally as the Internet, there are nearly 350 million Internet users world-wide (Harrison-Walker, 2002). With online branding and the growth of online consumers, online marketing activities are growing and companies increased their expenditures for Internet content design, development, and traffic generation over the past years (Art, 2003). Computer industry is to be analyzed for two reasons; first, it is an extremely important industry both for online and offline. There have been important work industrial organizations analyzing the competition conditions in the computer industry (Bresnahan and Greenstein, 1999). Second, computer goods are also the single largest category of retail goods sold online in countries (Boston consulting group, 1998)."

Tags:advertising, audit, brand, channel, communication, customer, direct, equity, internet, management, marketing, new, online, relationship, strategy, webqual

Abstract
This paper evaluates Southcorp Limited. It discusses the difficulties experienced by Southcorp in many areas of its management, and as a result, its large financial losses. The paper examines Southcorp's business activities and looks at the reasons for Southcorp's expansion and analyzes the problems associated with expansion. The paper explains that in an attempt to improve its results, Southcorp has re-organised its management, which includes removal of one level of middle management, and the appointment of John Ballard as Chief Executive Officer. The paper shows how Mr Ballard has implemented Project Veraison, which is designed to improve Southcorp's performance by reducing costs in 50 key areas of the business. The paper includes pie charts, maps, tables and appendices.

Outline:
General information about Southcorp Limited.
Business Activities
Reasons for Expansion: Minimising Competitive Risk, Development of Global Consumer Markets, Creating Economies of Scale, Changing Government Regulations, Technology.
Methods of Expansion: Expansion, Diversification, Foreign Direct Investment.
Issues/Problems Associated with Expansion: Social/Cultural Issues, Political Issues, Legal Issues, Economic Issues.
Success/Failure of Southcorp's Expansion Program
Financial Management: Methods of Payment, Credit Risks, Hedging, Derivatives, Insurance, Obtaining Finance
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Southcorp began operations as an independent company in 1993, after it separated from its parent company, South Australian Brewing. Southcorp became Australia's largest wine producer in 2002. During the mid 1990s, Southcorp diversified its operations into industries such as electrical goods, water heating and packaging. These diverse operations were a financial disaster and costly to the business, and in the late 1990s Southcorp began do divest itself of all its non-wine related businesses. In February 2001 Southcorp announced an AU$1.5 billion merger/takeover with Rosemount Estates, "the most successful wine company in the world in terms of [the size of its] return on equity"3. However, the merger has been described as "nothing short of a disaster" after disappointing financial results. The Rosemount Estate brand name, for example, was revalued at only AU$340 million (AU$240 million down from before the merger), and, partly because of this, the company recorded an AU$922.9 million loss for the Financial Year ending June 30, 2003 (FY2003)."

Tags:business, activities, economies, of, scale, technology, foreign, investment

Abstract
This paper discusses the globalization trend in the Southeast Asian region, highlighting policies undertaken by Singapore, Malaysia, Australia and Japan. Each country is examined in detail, using recent statistics and research to support the discussion. Also discussed are the obstacles they face in adopting these policies.

From the Paper
"Globalisation can be defined as the ongoing economic, technological, social, and political integration of the world that began after the Second World War. However, there are also institutional and social changes that are taking place within the geographic borders of nation states, though these are much more difficult to quantify. Institutional changes include modifications in policy, in industrial organization, and in the administration of laws and regulations that govern the behavior of economic agents. Globalization is impacting the institutional framework in both developing and industrial countries; it is changing the way in which governments view their developmental role in society (ADB, 2001, p.161). This essay aims to discuss the globalization trend in the Southeast Asian region, highlighting policies undertaken by Singapore, Malaysia, Australia and Japan. It also discusses the obstacles they face in adopting globalization."

Tags:adopt, australia, cash, economy, fiscal, gdp, growth, interest, monetary, policy, problem, rate, world

Abstract
This paper discusses the need to form a regional fund, known as Asian Monetary Fund (AMF). It examines why many Asian countries prefer to have a regional fund. It also studies whether an AMF will threaten the existence of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). As there are objections to the formation of an AMF, a modified regional fund is also suggested. Lastly, proposed roles of an AMF are outlined to substantiate its formation.

From the Paper
"This case study serves to illustrate the important roles played by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) during the Asian financial crisis in 1997. Despite playing some positive roles, the IMF has received widespread criticisms that the reform measures it implemented in Asia were too sudden and too harsh, and in most cases, not appropriate for the social dimension in Asia."

Tags:currency, disbursement, economic, exchange, financial, international, package, policy, reform, regional, rescue, risk, speculator, money, investment

Abstract
This paper discusses the several factors responsible for the economic slowdown in South East Asian countries in recent years, including headings like the Asian Crisis and the Second World Economic Crisis. Graphs. There are statistics cited throughout the paper to support and balance the discussion.

From the Paper
"The East Asian economic miraculous growth since the 1980s has came to an abrupt end with the Asian financial crisis from 1997 to 1998 (Cheong, 2001), and it has contributed significantly to the slowdown of Japan and the four Asian Tigers. There are several factors that led to the Asian Crisis in July 1997. According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) (1999), the difficulties that East Asian countries faced were not primarily the result of macroeconomic imbalances. Rather, these stemmed from weaknesses in their financial systems and governance. Most were having budget surpluses, external surpluses, but low inflation. The maintenance of relatively fixed exchange rates led banks and corporations to borrow large amounts of international capital, much of it short-term, that are denominated in foreign currency, and unhedged. Also, as the contagion spread to Korea, the world's eleventh largest economy, the possibility of a default by Korea raised a potential threat to the international monetary system (IMF, 1999)."

Tags:economy, gdp, growth, hong, imf, international, japan, kong, korea, monetary, rate, singapore, system, unemployment

Abstract
This paper examines the post-war international monetary system, which was introduced to deal with the shortcomings of a freely fluctuating exchange rates regime. It starts by presenting the history of the Bretton Woods System (BWS) and its features. The paper then outlines the pre-requisites for the BWS to operate. A series of events that led to the collapse of the BWS are also studied alongside its inherent defect (the 'n'th country problem).

From the Paper
"As early as 1942, the Americans and British shared common ground on international monetary matters. They were opposed to a system of freely fluctuating exchange rates, which they judged to have had adverse effects on the world economies on two counts, in the years immediately after World War I and in the 1930s when the Great Depression set in. They were also opposed to a system of absolutely fixed exchange rates. In addition, there was also a common view that unregulated and competitive trade restrictions were not beneficial to the international community. By contrast, both countries agreed that countries should be free to control certain capital transfers especially those of a short-term nature."

Tags:bancor, exchange, keynes, marshall, maynard

Abstract
This paper examines the various methods of communication used by law firms in Australia - modern and classic. These include corporate persona, e-mail, websites, sponsorship, intranet, brochures and seminars.

From the Paper
"Arguably one of the most important assets of any institution is their ability to communicate with their designated market. Law firms in Western Australia are no different. For a firm to succeed they must establish appropriate mechanisms through which they can communicate, both internally and externally. Traditionally the preferred methods of communication where; written correspondence, telephonic conversations, and to a certain extent facsimile . Today, as one venture's into the technological era new mediums are being presented, permitting a more effective level of communication, with respect to time, cost and ease of use. These new methods of communication that allow a more effective transfer of information come in the form of the internet, namely web pages and electronic mail (e-mail). On top of the abovementioned revolutionary communication devices law firms are increasingly communication to the general public in less conventional ways, this includes the deliberate and complex construction of "corporate persona", an increased involvement in sponsorship and via the provision of free seminars for employees and clients. Law firms in Western Australia are at a unique time period where they must confront, understand and embrace more effective and less traditional means of communication. The transition is currently underway and one can now identify that the most effective means of communication while having their flaws, come in the form of e-mail, web pages, corporate persona, seminars and sponsorship."

Tags:corporate, image, mail, persona, sponsorship, technology, website, email

Abstract
This paper presents a general analysis of the impact tourism development has on regional areas, both positive and negative. It uses regional Australia as an example to analyze the situation in more detail. It explains positive economic developments but occasional negative social effects.

From the Paper
"In recent decades, regional Australia has unquestionably been suffering from a downturn in both population and facilities (Hall, 1998, p 272). Whilst the reasons for this are many and varied, they are mostly outside the scope of this essay and thus will not be discussed here. However, it is the resultant state of this situation which highlights the benefits of tourism development to regional Australia. An increase in the urbanization of Western society, Australia included, is responsible for the shrinkage of the agrarian society and consequent downturn in the fortunes of regional areas (Sharpley, 1999, p 285). Thus tourism development in regional Australia stimulates regional development as it promotes economic growth and employment generation. However, whilst this is the case, there are also factors that are preventing the occurrence of the tourism development of regional Australia. I will firstly discuss the benefits of regional tourism development in greater detail before proceeding with the discussion of the preventative factors."

Tags:australia, development, regional, society, tourism, urbanisation, western, urbinization