Abstract
This paper describes Raphael's famous painting "Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints." The paper provides a history of the painting. The author analyzes its composition and colors as well as the conservative style of the painting and its classical details.

From the Paper
"Rafaello Sanzio, known as Raphael, painted the "Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints" early in his career The painting was an altarpiece executed for the small Franciscan convent of Saint Antonio de Padova in Perugia and hung in the part of the church reserved for the worship of nuns. (Metropolitan Museum of Art) Also known as the Colonna Madonna or Altarpiece, a reference to Raphael's patrons, the powerful Colonna family the work consists of two main sections..."

Tags:Raphael, Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints

Abstract
This paper presents a detailed discussion about the four representations of the Pieta. The writer of this paper uses words to describe the artistic differences in the representations. The writer works to not only uncover the obvious structural differences but to ascertain what the differences in their meanings may be as well.

From the Paper
"Michelangelo has always been viewed as one of the most talented artists in history. His works have sustained the test of time and today are still accepted as some of the most telling and touching pieces of art that patrons have available to them. One of his most famous works is the Pieta. The Pieta has four renowned versions of its portrayal and each one has similarities as well as differences to the other three. As the different styles and pieces are examined it is easy to see why Michelangelo has held his place as one of the most tortured yet talented artists of all time."

Tags:art, italy, michelangelo

From the Paper
"The general facts of Vincent Van Gogh's life are nearly as well known as his paintings, which are some of the most popular images in the history of art. His paintings are sold for record-breaking prices today, but he was almost unknown in his own lifetime. Van Gogh's life, maybe more than the lives of most painters, plays an important part in understanding his art. A biographical sketch of Van Gogh and an analysis of one work, his famous The Starry Night (1889), demonstrate how, for this artist, personality and circumstances affected the creation of his art.

Vincent Van Gogh was born in Holland in 1853. His father was a clergyman, a family tradition that Vincent was to consider as a career. But two of Van Gogh's uncles had a gallery in The Hague which they sold to an international art dealer, Goupil, who had galleries in several countries. Van Gogh had shown some..."

Abstract
An examination of the affect of Salvador Dali?s characteristic of paranoia, combined with his artistic techniques, on his paintings. It explains how Dali used his paranoia to his advantage, and created a system of interpretation called his Paranoiac Critical Method, which is considered his ?liquid revealer of images?. The writer states that Dali's technique allowed him to give realistic accounts of his mental images. When Dali combined his technique and paranoiac characteristics, he created some of the most phenomenal boundary breaking art the world has ever seen.

From the Paper
"The artwork of Salvador Dali has always been intriguing, but in 1929 his artwork reached a whole new level when he began to enter his paranoiac stage. A few factors brought on this change, which he would focus on until the 40's. A very important factor was Dali's interest in dreams. At that time, Dali had become fascinated with the works of Freud, and followed his teachings as an attempt to interpret his dreams for self analysis. The more Dali analyzed his dreams, the more he noticed that many images in his mind reoccurred; and eventually, he began to paint them. Many of the dreams that reoccurred to Dali were life obsessions and fears that had developed through his life and would have a great affect on his paintings. Some of these reoccurring themes included: William Tell, Lenin, Hitler, Anthropomorphic images, Millet's Angelus, Vermeer paintings, and childhood images (Fetzer, 1)."

Tags:breton, color, critical, double, drawing, image, ink, revolutionary, sketching, surrealism, surrealist, art

Abstract
The paper aims to separate fact from myth and establish the facts about Leonardo da Vinci's life. The paper examines the effects of various biographers over the centuries, with a particular focus on Giorgio Vasari, and shows how the perception of who Leonardo da Vinci was will be constantly evolving to suit the culture of times and places.

From the Paper
"The simple lack of information about Leonardo led to the invention of facts, starting with Vasari, only thirty years after Leonardo's death. Vasari's Lives of the Artists has long served as the ultimate primary source on Leonardo's life, for writers of all kinds. Vasari probably gained much of his information on Leonardo from people who knew him but where there were gaps in information Vasari appears to have taken advantage of his literary skills and created what is now seen as merely fiction. Nicholl described Vasari as "cavalier with dates, partial and subjective in his judgements and tendentiously pro-Florentine ." Vasari spent approximately forty thousand words on his life of Michelangelo but only five thousand on Leonardo . Despite the many discrepancies, Vasari does include some valuable information which cannot be found in many other places. He gave considerable space to the nature of Leonardo's personality, describing his disposition as "so lovable that he commanded everyone's affection ." This appears to be one aspect of Leonardo's life which the early writers were unanimous on. Paolo Giovio, who probably knew Leonardo from his time in Milan, wrote that he was "by nature affable, sparkling, generous, with an extraordinarily beautiful face .""

Tags:artist, Renaissance, Vasari

Abstract
This paper examines how Mary Cassatt's "Young Woman Sewing" and Hazel Dooney's "Under and Over" are two examples of female artistry from different periods and how are both portraits of striking females that are confronting for different reasons.

From the Paper
"The bold lines and candy colored palette in Hazel Dooney's portrait create a striking stylized image nearly two metres long. The provocative outfit accompanied by the rifle help create a cartoonish figure, the heroin of Dooney's feminist series of high gloss enamel paintings that developed from her William's Creek expedition. Pattern is evident in the scrubby bushes outlining the foreground, their slightly uniform, repetitive shape and color is evocative of military uniforms and insignia which ties in with the militant aspects of the central figure."

Tags:females, pattern

Abstract
This paper looks briefly at the background of the Spanish painter Salvador Dali and the Australian painter Brett Whiteley, two extraordinary artists from the surrealist movement. It details their artistic influences, views on life and makes an attempt at finding method in their madness. It discusses how it was an 'insatiable craving for sex', money and fame that drove Dali to artistic genius, while for Whiteley, it was alcohol and narcotics. It compares and contrasts some of their famous works, their styles and their perceived meanings.

From the Paper
"Dali was a Spanish painter and writer who played a very significant part in the surrealist movement. From youth onwards, he was a very talented and recognized artist, with many of his works being displayed and published. He was an artist whose life was dominated largely by an 'insatiable craving for sex', money and fame. Dali was also fascinated with the aspect of death, combined with the popular beliefs of society. Much of his work was based on influences gained from other artists as well as both contemporary philosophy and science. His role models were Goya, El Greco, Durer, Leonardo Da Vinci, Michelangelo and Velaquez. In all, this represented the characteristically wide-ranging nature of Dali's way of thinking: the comic and the diabolic rub shoulders with serious classicism, with levity and gravity reflected to an equal degree. It was written that "Dali uses realistic items to reveal his dream-like ideas. His paintings are executed with infinite care and sometimes depict minute detail... The imaginary things depicted are presented in startling, distorted and fantastic ways, or else in natural, incredible combinations of parts of the human figure in tortured, writhing gestures." "

Tags:australian, contemporary, memory, presistence, spanish, surrealist, genius

Abstract
This essay compares the themes and issues of two American installation artists, Robert Smithson and Krzytsztof Wodiczko, who deal with installation art in two very different ways.

From the Paper
"The themes and issues of Installation art can vary according to each artist, their values and history in art. Robert Smithson and Krzytsztof Wodiczko are very different artists, shown through their themes, how they deal with the gallery surroundings and the context in which they worked Wodiczko is internationally renowned for his large scale slide and video projections on architectural facades and monuments. Unlike Wodiczko, Smithson looks at the land and environment in his art and its relationship to man. Installation emphasizes the ability to become, rather than represent and it challenges the viewer by asking us to take part in their work rather that just view. Fundamental aspects of installation artwork are its habitation of a physical site, its connection to real conditions-be they visual historical or social and often, its bridging of traditional art boundaries: public and private, individual and communal, high style and vernacular."

Tags:america, art, gallery, land, mexico, nature, political, projections, site, technology

Abstract
This paper provides a comparison of the techniques, style and influences of two different sculptors from different periods. Includes images of artwork.

From the Paper
"Hiram Powers was born in 1805 and died in 1873. He was born in Woodstock, Vermont, USA and spent his childhood in Cincinnati. In 1837 he moved to Florence, Italy and this is where he spent the rest of his life and created his most famous sculpture, "The Greek Slave", a 65 inch marble statue which now stands in the Yale University Art Gallery in New Haven. The earliest and most significant influence on Powers' work was Horatio Greenough (1805-52) one of the first Americans sculptors to settle in Florence. Greenough has studied with Bartonlini who would also become a strong influence in Powers' life."

Tags:art, bologne, boulongne, giovanni, greek, jean, marble, rape, renaissance, sabine, sculpture, slave, woman

Abstract
This paper describes land art and its attachment to minimalism. It analyzes it through three prominent land artists: Robert Smithson, Michael Hiezer, and Richard Long. It also discusses each artist's relationship with the land and the differences in how they approach their art.

From the Paper
"Minimal art soon ceased to be simply a presentation of simple unitary forms, standing alone or arranged in series. It began to look for an existence outside the art gallery. However minimal works do not exist comfortably in the urban spaces generally assigned to the public sculpture. The result of this was the birth of what came to be known as Land Art. Robert Smithson is one of the best known attributers to this
period. His work is huge in size and workload. His works cannot be viewed by the public and so he has a reliance on the records of his work. This is similar to Michael Heizer whose work also depends on this record. Richard Long, differently to Smithson and Hiezer, brings the environment into the gallery for all to see and creates spiritual works. All three of these artists bring their own individual qualities into the movement of Land art."

Tags:Spiral, Jetty, Nevada, Depressions, formalism