Abstract
A look at race relations in Australia in view of changing culture and how this is reflected in treatment of refugees, asylum seekers and indigenous Australians. Takes a look into the issues of land rights, the stolen generation, asylum seekers vs. 'genuine' refugees and detention centres.

From the Paper
"Issues surrounding refugees and Indigenous Australians have featured prominently in the media over the last few years, covering areas such as the growing ethnic diversity of Australia, asylum seekers and their right to settle, the treatment of detainees, the stolen generation, mandatory detention, land rights for Aboriginals and Indigenous health. Whilst it has to be said that this has greatly increased the general public's awareness of these issues, it is becoming increasingly apparent that everyday Australians seem willing to place their opinions on the rights and experiences of these two minority groups - refugees and Indigenous Australians - into the "too hard" basket. Also, not knowing much about these two groups and their experiences means that most Australians form their perception of them from stories in the media and what they see on TV and in movies. Could this be contributing to the negative stereotypes and racist sentiment within our society - all too willing to refer to the stereotypes of ungrateful detainees burning down their quarters or the drunken Aboriginals in the middle of Victoria Square?"

Tags:aboriginals, aborigines, asylum, conflict, culture, discrimination, ethnic, freedom, hanson, howard, human, land, multicultural, race, racism, rights, seekers, sorry

Abstract
The process of globalization permeates every aspect of comtemporary society, manifesting itself especially through mass culture. This paper explores popular music as a mirror reflecting the economic, technological and socio-political implications of globalization in a comprehensive and open manner.

From the Paper
"The issue of globalisation is deeply embedded in contemporary cultural values as a complex interconnection of processes that work in a contradictory and often opposing fashion, involving a system of societies, cultures and institutions worldwide (Tomlinson, 1997; 170). As Pickering suggests with much insight, globalisation cannot be viewed as purely a result of collective cultural imperialistic expansion by the west, but also as a heterogenous and multi-centred process (2001;47) inherently tied to commodification, capitalism and modernity. As a result, global economic, political and social importance are all inherently manifested through popular/mass culture, especially that of the pop music genre, which is not only cross-cultural but also relies heavily on the capitalist global construct as its main source of profit and survival. As Robert Burnett asserts, ???"most fundamental aspect of popular culture as a concept is that it is the product of industrialization"? (1996; 194), shaped by the advanced urban economies through corporate production. As a standardized product of global economy, popular music is able to assert much socio-political, economic and technological influence, becoming a motivational force behind cultural globalisation through its unifying persuasiveness, vast output and secularity, highlighting the significance of the link between the global trend and the popular music genre in today?'s society."

Tags:capitalism, communication, economic, implications, mass, music, political, production, significance, studies, technology, values

Abstract
An assessment of some of the various anthropological explanations for cargo cults. The paper aims to reveal how the history of Melanesia itself, from colonial administration to independence, is reflected in attitudes towards and explanations of, the cargo cult phenomenon. The paper includes a number of lengthy quotes from articles related to the topic, which try to explain the origins of the cult systems and how they developed through history.

From the Paper
"Few topics in the field of anthropological study have spread across academic disciplines and, through journalism, entered into popular usage as completely as the term "cargo cult". So much so, Lindstrom (1993) contends, "from the 1950's to the 1980's, cargo cult became the orthodox term for Melanesian social movements" (Lindstrom 1993:38). Indeed there have been claims that the term is overused, even abused, with all quasi-religious cults and "native frenzies" being labeled or re-labeled cargo cults. "Nowadays, for example, many Melanesian political movements must take care to deny explicitly that they are any sort of cargo cult"."

Tags:orientalism, papua, new, guinea, png

Abstract
The paper gives a very real and accurate description life of Akhenaten. From his seemingly amazing, though heretical, accession to the throne of Egypt, to the establishment of his new city Akhentaten near Tel El Amarna. The paper fully describes the life of Akhenaten, his achievements, the changes he made to the Empire as well as his downfall from the Egyptian throne. All information and hypotheses are accurately justified with prime, confident primary and secondary sources and critically analyzed to achieve a great satisfaction of critical use of sources.

From the Paper
"Akhenaten declared to all Egypt that he was son of Aten and proposed that he was Aten is human form (an incarnation), and to worship Aten, he should be worshiped as a god. Roebuck provides evidence of how Akhenaten considered himself a god, Roebuck (1966) explains "The kings shared a divinity of Aten and spoke of himself as Aten's son and co-regent, but the other gods of Egypt were laid aside." Evidence here sates that Akhenaten saw himself as son of Aten. Throughout upper and lower Egypt, Akhenaten was depicted as a godly figure, portrayed larger than any other person, a clear sign in Egyptian culture and art, that he was more important than any other person and just as important as a god. Bradley (1999) sates "The size and position of the image of the king in scenes was an affirmation of the king's divinity, the king became the focus of worship" The Pharaoh's size and position in art was very important. Before Akhenaten kings were always shown was larger than any other, but not larger than that of a god. This source clearly explains that fact that Akhenaten was just as large as a god, so therefore considered himself a god."

Tags:amarna, amenhotep, aten, delta, disk, egypt, nile, sun, tel

Abstract
This paper examines past and present Australian Government policies which have impacted and been implemented to address the issue of Aboriginal Health. The author also examines issues such health issues, substance abuse and the high rate of youth suicide.

From the Paper
'The status of Aboriginal health in Australia is currently at critical levels - much money needs to be injected and considerable work needs to be done to tackle such important health issues as diabetes, mental disorders, substance abuse and the high rate of youth suicide. Along with this, many other related issues need to be addressed, such as the stolen generation, native title, preservation of cultural identity and the topic of reconciliation. The outlook for the future is improving however, in that the government and Aboriginal groups are working together towards a positive outcome through the implementation of innovative government policies aimed at tacking the core issues affecting Aboriginal communities around Australia."

Tags:health, hills, indigenous, malee, south

Abstract
A look at Malay political culture from the perspectives of Anthony Milner. The author investigates the Malay political experiences, traditions and customs and analyzes these from the Milner's point of view that political relationships in Malay are based on leadership and support.

From the Paper
"Anthony Milner's central point in his examination of kerajaan is that the key to understanding political motivation must involve an understanding of differing political experience. European observers often saw political relationships in Malay societies as being based on accumulation and distribution of wealth, whereas to Milner the process had a deeper political motivation; to gain supporters."

Tags:politics, tradition, wealth, honor, motivation, leadership, support

Abstract
This paper shows how cultural misunderstandings are often as a result of incorrect or incomplete translations. The writer explains that people are influenced by the culture in which they live and this helps form their impressions and the ways in which they communicate. Consequently, a metalanguage is required to enable people to discuss a specific language without their culture impacting upon it.

From the Paper
"Cultural differences, which upon careful analysis may not be very great, are often exaggerated by the language barrier thus making it hard to conduct a comprehensive cultural analysis. If a person were to attempt to analyze another culture purely in terms of their own culture, this would clearly lead to misunderstanding and a breakdown in communication. This cultural divide is reinforced by the differing languages spoken in the varying cultures being compared. Whilst in a cultural analysis cultures may not be directly compared, the person conducting the analysis is still influenced by the culture to which they belong. As language forms a part of the activities which people undertake in their cultures, language is obviously going to have a large impact upon the cultural analysis being undertaken. By this, I am referring to the fact that if the person conducting the analysis merely translates lexemes from another language into his/her own language, the analysis will be incorrect as the cultural concepts underpinning the languages will be different. Thus it becomes necessary to be able to give definitions in a consistent fashion which does not rely upon any particular cultural concepts."

Tags:culture, language, linguistics, metalanguage, nsm, semantics

Abstract
This paper examines the ?father-creator? God, a ?trickster? God, and a ?love? Goddess of Greek, Norse and Egyptian cultures. The author believes that the ?father-creator? Gods have the most in common: Greek God, Zeus, the Norse God Odin and the Egyptian God Amen-Re. The paper introduces the ?trickster Gods?: Norse God Loki, the Egyptian God Seth, and the Greek God Prometheus. The paper also describes the ?love goddesses?: Egyptian Goddess Hathor, Greek Goddess Aphrodite and Norse Goddess Freya.

From the Paper
"The myths of these gods also referred to the sky. Both Zeus and Odin had palaces high above the mortal world, known as Mt. Olympus and Asgard. These palaces served as meeting places for the gods, and as observation decks. Zeus is often depicted as looking down from Mt. Olympus into the mortal world. Odin also gazed at mortals and gods similarly, from Hlidskialf, his throne in Asgard. Though he did not have a palace in the sky, Amen-Re was referred to as the "Sun" god. "

Tags:love, trickster, father, culture, fertility

Abstract
This paper takes a look into the true definition of a refugee and the Australian government's stance on 'boat people' - also referred to as asylum seekers - and their policy on unauthorised arrivals. Mention is made of the condition of Australia's detention centres, and some of the conundrums faced when determining the fate of illegal immigrants. Is it fair to give a place reserved for a genuine refugee to those who do not come via established means? Additionally, the paper looks at the everyday Australian's view on multiculturalism with reference to imagined communities and the old White Australia Policy. Clearly the influx of refugees has changed the way Australians view themselvs as a nation and led many people to re-examine Australia?s cultural and social makeup.

From the Paper
"As Australians, we have all been touched by the recent refugee crisis in some way or another, with an increased influx of asylum seekers coming to our shores over the last few years. Indeed it is a human tragedy that people can be so desperate to flee their homeland that they are willing to travel thousands of kilometres across land and sea, eventually culminating in a "passage of terror" on an unsafe boat that more than likely would be carrying three to four times the normal number of passengers. The arrival of these "boat people" has caused of a division within our society - those who are accommodating to the fact that these people have fled their county and should be allowed to stay, and those who believe that an influx of so called "illegal" refugees will lead to a perceived loss of national identity - who want them to be sent back where they came from if no sufficient enough reason is forthcoming. The plight of international refugees is a cause for global concern, however understanding the key issues can be difficult for those with little background knowledge."

Tags:asylum, centres, community, culture, detention, immigrants, multicultural, seekers

Abstract
This essay attempts to elucidate the impacts of immigration focusing on Australian society. First, the impact of immigration from an economic point of view is explained. This is followed by a scrutiny of the social impact of immigration and a review of the environmental impact.

Tags:immigration, impacts, economics, linguistics